小(xiao)(xiao)灌木,高30-100厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。莖圓(yuan)(yuan)柱形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),無(wu)(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),幼枝有(you)(you)(you)棱(leng),疏生(sheng)(sheng)白色(se)丁字毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)。羽狀(zhuang)(zhuang)復葉長(chang)(chang)(chang)6-15厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi);葉柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)(0.5-)1-2.5厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),葉軸上(shang)面略(lve)扁平,有(you)(you)(you)淺(qian)槽,被毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)或(huo)(huo)近無(wu)(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);托葉披針(zhen)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)4-6毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),早(zao)落;小(xiao)(xiao)葉(2-)3-5對,對生(sheng)(sheng),闊卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卵狀(zhuang)(zhuang)菱形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)橢圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)1.5-4厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬1-2.3厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)端(duan)圓(yuan)(yuan)鈍(dun)或(huo)(huo)急尖,具長(chang)(chang)(chang)的小(xiao)(xiao)尖頭(tou),基部楔形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)闊楔形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),上(shang)面綠(lv)色(se),下面粉綠(lv)色(se),兩面散生(sheng)(sheng)白色(se)丁字毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),中(zhong)脈(mo)上(shang)面微(wei)隆(long)起,下面隆(long)起,側脈(mo)兩面明顯(xian);小(xiao)(xiao)葉柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),密(mi)生(sheng)(sheng)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);小(xiao)(xiao)托葉鉆形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)2-3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),宿(su)存。總(zong)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)花(hua)序長(chang)(chang)(chang)5-12(-20)厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),疏花(hua);總(zong)花(hua)梗長(chang)(chang)(chang)1-2.5厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),花(hua)序軸有(you)(you)(you)棱(leng),疏生(sheng)(sheng)白色(se)丁字毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);苞片線狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披針(zhen)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)2-5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi);花(hua)梗長(chang)(chang)(chang)3-5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),無(wu)(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);花(hua)萼杯狀(zhuang)(zhuang),外(wai)面無(wu)(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)3.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),萼筒長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)1.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),萼齒披針(zhen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)三角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)(you)緣(yuan)(yuan)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),最下萼齒長(chang)(chang)(chang)達2毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi);花(hua)冠(guan)淡紅色(se),稀(xi)白色(se),花(hua)瓣近等長(chang)(chang)(chang),旗瓣橢圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)12-15(-17)毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬約(yue)7.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)端(duan)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),外(wai)面無(wu)(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),邊(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)短(duan)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),翼瓣邊(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);花(hua)藥闊卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),兩端(duan)有(you)(you)(you)髯毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);子房無(wu)(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)。莢果棕褐色(se),圓(yuan)(yuan)柱形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)3.5-7厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),徑約(yue)5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),無(wu)(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),內果皮有(you)(you)(you)紫色(se)斑點,有(you)(you)(you)種子10余粒;果梗平展(zhan);種子赤褐色(se),長(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),徑約(yue)2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。花(hua)期5-7月(yue)(yue),果期8月(yue)(yue)。
適應性強(qiang),耐貧瘠,耐干旱,抗病性較(jiao)強(qiang),也較(jiao)耐水(shui)濕,對(dui)土壤(rang)要求不(bu)嚴。常(chang)生于(yu)山坡灌叢及疏林內或巖縫中。
產吉林、遼寧、河北、山(shan)東(dong)、江蘇(海州)。朝鮮、日(ri)本也有(you)分(fen)布。
花(hua)(hua)木藍是(shi)北方稀有夏花(hua)(hua)植(zhi)物,花(hua)(hua)色鮮艷,花(hua)(hua)量大,有芳香,花(hua)(hua)期(qi)長達50~60d。宜做花(hua)(hua)籬,也適于做公路、鐵(tie)路、護(hu)坡、路旁綠化(hua),還(huan)是(shi)花(hua)(hua)壇、花(hua)(hua)境材料。
性味歸經
苦,寒。
功能主治
清熱解毒,消(xiao)腫止痛(tong),通(tong)便。用于咽(yan)喉腫痛(tong),肺熱咳嗽,黃疸(dan),熱結便秘;外用治痔瘡(chuang)腫痛(tong),蛇蟲咬(yao)傷。