小灌木,高(gao)30-100厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。莖圓(yuan)(yuan)柱形(xing)(xing)(xing),無(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),幼枝有(you)(you)(you)(you)棱,疏生(sheng)白(bai)(bai)色(se)丁(ding)字毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)。羽狀(zhuang)復葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)6-15厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi);葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(0.5-)1-2.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)軸(zhou)上面(mian)(mian)(mian)略扁平(ping),有(you)(you)(you)(you)淺槽,被毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)或(huo)近(jin)無(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);托葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)披(pi)(pi)針形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4-6毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),早落;小葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(2-)3-5對,對生(sheng),闊(kuo)卵(luan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卵(luan)狀(zhuang)菱形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)橢(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1.5-4厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬1-2.3厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)端圓(yuan)(yuan)鈍或(huo)急(ji)尖(jian),具長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的小尖(jian)頭,基部楔形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)闊(kuo)楔形(xing)(xing)(xing),上面(mian)(mian)(mian)綠色(se),下面(mian)(mian)(mian)粉綠色(se),兩(liang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)散生(sheng)白(bai)(bai)色(se)丁(ding)字毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),中脈(mo)上面(mian)(mian)(mian)微隆(long)起,下面(mian)(mian)(mian)隆(long)起,側脈(mo)兩(liang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)明顯;小葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),密生(sheng)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);小托葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)鉆形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2-3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),宿存(cun)。總狀(zhuang)花(hua)序長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)5-12(-20)厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),疏花(hua);總花(hua)梗(geng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1-2.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),花(hua)序軸(zhou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)棱,疏生(sheng)白(bai)(bai)色(se)丁(ding)字毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);苞片線狀(zhuang)披(pi)(pi)針形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2-5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi);花(hua)梗(geng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)3-5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),無(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);花(hua)萼(e)杯狀(zhuang),外面(mian)(mian)(mian)無(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)約3.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),萼(e)筒長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)約1.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),萼(e)齒披(pi)(pi)針狀(zhuang)三角形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)(you)(you)緣(yuan)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),最下萼(e)齒長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)達2毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi);花(hua)冠淡紅色(se),稀(xi)白(bai)(bai)色(se),花(hua)瓣近(jin)等長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),旗瓣橢(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)12-15(-17)毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬約7.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),先(xian)端圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),外面(mian)(mian)(mian)無(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),邊緣(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)短(duan)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),翼瓣邊緣(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);花(hua)藥闊(kuo)卵(luan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),兩(liang)端有(you)(you)(you)(you)髯毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao);子房無(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)。莢果棕褐(he)色(se),圓(yuan)(yuan)柱形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)3.5-7厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),徑約5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),無(wu)(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao),內果皮有(you)(you)(you)(you)紫色(se)斑(ban)點,有(you)(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)子10余粒;果梗(geng)平(ping)展(zhan);種(zhong)子赤褐(he)色(se),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)約5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),徑約2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。花(hua)期(qi)5-7月,果期(qi)8月。
適(shi)應性強,耐貧瘠,耐干旱,抗病性較強,也較耐水濕(shi),對(dui)土壤要求不嚴。常生于山(shan)坡灌(guan)叢及疏林內或(huo)巖縫(feng)中。
產吉林、遼寧、河(he)北、山東、江蘇(海州)。朝鮮(xian)、日本也有分布。
花(hua)木藍(lan)是(shi)北方稀(xi)有夏(xia)花(hua)植物,花(hua)色鮮艷(yan),花(hua)量大,有芳香,花(hua)期(qi)長(chang)達50~60d。宜做花(hua)籬(li),也適于(yu)做公路、鐵路、護坡、路旁綠化(hua),還是(shi)花(hua)壇、花(hua)境材料。
性味歸經
苦,寒。
功能主治
清熱解毒,消腫(zhong)止痛,通便(bian)。用于咽喉腫(zhong)痛,肺(fei)熱咳嗽(sou),黃(huang)疸,熱結便(bian)秘(mi);外用治痔瘡(chuang)腫(zhong)痛,蛇蟲咬傷。