橋(qiao)門(men)街(jie)清真(zhen)寺坐落在甘肅省蘭州市中(zhong)山(shan)橋(qiao)以南的(de)回(hui)族聚居區橋(qiao)門(men)巷內,是中(zhong)國伊(yi)斯蘭教清真(zhen)寺。據傳,早在明代橋(qiao)門(men)巷(街(jie))即(ji)有(you)一座簡(jian)陋的(de)清真(zhen)寺。該寺曾被列為“省級文(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護單位(wei)”。
清(qing)康(kang)熙(xi)年(nian)間(jian)(1662~1722)由當地穆(mu)斯林名人劉伯(bo)陽捐(juan)宅地8畝(mu),并由寺坊穆(mu)斯林群眾(zhong)集資,經其父(fu)子兩代苦心經營,于康(kang)熙(xi)六(liu)十一年(nian)(1722)擴建(jian)而(er)成(cheng),并題記落成(cheng)年(nian)代于大殿的脊(ji)檁下。
寺院大小
橋門寺(si)坐西向東,全(quan)(quan)寺(si)由卷(juan)棚、大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),后(hou)窯殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及跨院、沐(mu)浴室等建筑物組成(cheng)。寺(si)門口(kou)高(gao)懸燙(tang)金(jin)“清真寺(si)”豎(shu)匾,為(wei)四角飛翹方(fang)形(xing)重(zhong)檐,兩扇大(da)門高(gao)大(da)厚實。門兩側八字墻為(wei)水磨青磚精雕的花(hua)卉,左右敞開,舒展壯觀。禮拜大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)進深5間(jian)(jian)14檁,僅用4根立柱(zhu)支(zhi)撐,以鼓形(xing)螞蟻石柱(zhu)為(wei)柱(zhu)基(ji)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內寬敞豁亮(liang),可容千(qian)人同時禮拜。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)屋頂(ding)正中為(wei)綠(lv)色(se)琉(liu)璃瓦組成(cheng)的梭形(xing)圖(tu)(tu)案,四周青瓦壓頂(ding)。屋頂(ding)豎(shu)陶瓷寶瓶3只。飛檐全(quan)(quan)以龍斗(dou)裝修。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之隔門欞條面闊(kuo)甚窄,而進深甚厚,隨(sui)著視(shi)線不同,檁條圖(tu)(tu)案呈現不同形(xing)態。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)為(wei)窯殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),形(xing)體為(wei)正方(fang)形(xing),裝飾(shi)考(kao)究,并加斗(dou)拱及雕花(hua)彎(wan)罩。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)南側為(wei)跨院,有閣樓5間(jian)(jian),為(wei)講經堂。沐(mu)浴室設在卷(juan)棚南側。
建筑風格
此寺(si)建筑(zhu)藝術的(de)(de)特點是大殿、后(hou)窯(yao)殿及前卷棚均使用重檐,且高大華麗,為(wei)國內古建筑(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)罕見(jian)。新設計(ji)的(de)(de)橋門寺(si)以阿拉(la)伯圓(yuan)頂建筑(zhu)為(wei)主體(ti),兩(liang)面(mian)配樓為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國古典式,前面(mian)有一裝鐘的(de)(de)宣(xuan)禮塔,中(zhong)(zhong)阿合(he)璧,別具一格。