沙(sha)烏(wu)(wu)頭(tou)豬(zhu)(zhu)是(shi)太(tai)湖流域(yu)著(zhu)(zhu)名的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方豬(zhu)(zhu)種之一,以產仔數多(duo)(duo)(duo)、繁殖(zhi)(zhi)力(li)高(gao)而(er)著(zhu)(zhu)稱(cheng),屬于江海(hai)型豬(zhu)(zhu)種,產于長(chang)江口的(de)(de)(de)崇明(ming)島,是(shi)我國豬(zhu)(zhu)種繁殖(zhi)(zhi)力(li)強,產仔數多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)著(zhu)(zhu)名地(di)方品(pin)種。沙(sha)烏(wu)(wu)頭(tou)豬(zhu)(zhu)在崇明(ming)有(you)著(zhu)(zhu)悠久的(de)(de)(de)飼養歷(li)史,早在唐武德元年(公(gong)元618年)崇明(ming)島居民便開始飼養。經過長(chang)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)自然、社會(hui)選(xuan)擇,明(ming)清時期(qi)島上已形成(cheng)了獨特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)沙(sha)烏(wu)(wu)頭(tou)豬(zhu)(zhu)品(pin)種,形成(cheng)了具有(you)體(ti)型緊湊(cou)、體(ti)質結實、行動靈活。頭(tou)中等大(da),面(mian)長(chang)短(duan)適中、額(e)部(bu)皺(zhou)紋較(jiao)淺、玉(yu)鼻。耳大(da)下(xia)垂略(lve)短(duan)于嘴(zui)筒、耳根(gen)微硬。背腰平直或微凹,腹大(da)下(xia)垂但不拖(tuo)地(di)、08對以上。毛色(se)黑、腿部(bu)有(you)皺(zhou)褶,四(si)腳有(you)白毛 (俗稱(cheng)四(si)白腳)等體(ti)型外貌特(te)(te)征,同時具有(you)性成(cheng)熟早(3~4月齡)、繁殖(zhi)(zhi)力(li)高(gao)(初產13頭(tou),經產15頭(tou)以上)、耐粗飼、泌乳力(li)強、使用年限長(chang)等優(you)良特(te)(te)性,而(er)且尤以肉質鮮美、嫩而(er)多(duo)(duo)(duo)汁(zhi)等特(te)(te)點聞(wen)名于世(shi),特(te)(te)別對低(di)溫、潮(chao)濕(shi)的(de)(de)(de)海(hai)島地(di)理氣(qi)候條件有(you)較(jiao)強的(de)(de)(de)適應能力(li),為上海(hai)獨具特(te)(te)色(se)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方品(pin)種豬(zhu)(zhu)之一。
崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)是中國第三(san)大(da)(da)島(dao)(dao),也是世界(jie)上最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)河口沖(chong)積島(dao)(dao)嶼,位于長(chang)江(jiang)入海(hai)(hai)口,三(san)面(mian)環江(jiang),一面(mian)臨(lin)海(hai)(hai)。它(ta)東(dong)(dong)(dong)瀕浩瀚(han)東(dong)(dong)(dong)海(hai)(hai),南與上海(hai)(hai)市(shi)寶山區、浦(pu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)新(xin)區及江(jiang)蘇省太倉市(shi)隔水相望,西接滾(gun)滾(gun)長(chang)江(jiang),北與江(jiang)蘇省海(hai)(hai)門區、啟東(dong)(dong)(dong)市(shi)一衣(yi)帶(dai)水。公(gong)(gong)(gong)元1222年(nian) (南宋嘉定十五年(nian))在崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)設天(tian)賜鹽場,隸(li)通州;1958年(nian)12月1日改隸(li)上海(hai)(hai)市(shi),設立崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)縣。崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)沙(sha)烏頭豬(zhu)(zhu)農產(chan)(chan)品地理標志地域保護范圍(wei)為東(dong)(dong)(dong)經121°09′30"至(zhi)121°54′00"、北緯31°27′00"至(zhi)31°51′15"的(de)(de)(de)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)縣,包括崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)、長(chang)興島(dao)(dao)和橫沙(sha)島(dao)(dao)。三(san)島(dao)(dao)陸域總(zong)面(mian)積為1411平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,其中崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)1267平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,長(chang)興島(dao)(dao)88平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,橫沙(sha)島(dao)(dao)56平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)沙(sha)烏頭豬(zhu)(zhu)生產(chan)(chan)規模48000頭,年(nian)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量8000噸。2002年(nian)上海(hai)(hai)市(shi)委市(shi)政府就(jiu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)確把崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)縣作為21世紀上海(hai)(hai)可持續(xu)發展的(de)(de)(de)重要戰略空(kong)間。2005年(nian),隨著建(jian)設崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)為世界(jie)級現代化生態島(dao)(dao)區總(zong)目標的(de)(de)(de)確定,崇(chong)(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)迎來了(le)千載難逢的(de)(de)(de)歷史發展機遇。