沙烏頭(tou)(tou)豬是太湖流域著(zhu)名的(de)地(di)方(fang)豬種之(zhi)(zhi)一,以產仔(zi)(zi)數多(duo)、繁殖力(li)(li)高而著(zhu)稱,屬于(yu)(yu)江(jiang)海型(xing)豬種,產于(yu)(yu)長(chang)江(jiang)口的(de)崇明(ming)島,是我國豬種繁殖力(li)(li)強,產仔(zi)(zi)數多(duo)的(de)著(zhu)名地(di)方(fang)品(pin)種。沙烏頭(tou)(tou)豬在(zai)崇明(ming)有(you)(you)著(zhu)悠(you)久的(de)飼養(yang)歷史,早在(zai)唐武德元年(nian)(公(gong)元618年(nian))崇明(ming)島居民(min)便(bian)開始飼養(yang)。經過長(chang)期的(de)自(zi)然、社(she)會選擇,明(ming)清時(shi)期島上已形成(cheng)了獨特的(de)沙烏頭(tou)(tou)豬品(pin)種,形成(cheng)了具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)體型(xing)緊湊、體質結實(shi)、行動(dong)靈活。頭(tou)(tou)中等大,面長(chang)短適中、額部(bu)(bu)皺紋較淺(qian)、玉(yu)鼻。耳大下(xia)(xia)垂略(lve)短于(yu)(yu)嘴筒(tong)、耳根微(wei)硬(ying)。背腰平直或微(wei)凹,腹大下(xia)(xia)垂但不拖地(di)、08對(dui)(dui)以上。毛(mao)(mao)色黑、腿部(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)皺褶,四腳有(you)(you)白(bai)毛(mao)(mao) (俗(su)稱四白(bai)腳)等體型(xing)外貌特征,同時(shi)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)性(xing)成(cheng)熟早(3~4月齡)、繁殖力(li)(li)高(初(chu)產13頭(tou)(tou),經產15頭(tou)(tou)以上)、耐(nai)粗飼、泌乳力(li)(li)強、使用年(nian)限長(chang)等優良特性(xing),而且尤(you)以肉質鮮美、嫩而多(duo)汁等特點聞名于(yu)(yu)世,特別對(dui)(dui)低溫、潮濕的(de)海島地(di)理氣候(hou)條(tiao)件有(you)(you)較強的(de)適應能力(li)(li),為上海獨具(ju)(ju)特色的(de)地(di)方(fang)品(pin)種豬之(zhi)(zhi)一。
崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)(dao)是中國第三大(da)島(dao)(dao)(dao),也是世(shi)界上(shang)最大(da)的(de)(de)河口沖(chong)積(ji)島(dao)(dao)(dao)嶼,位于長(chang)江入海(hai)(hai)(hai)口,三面(mian)環(huan)江,一面(mian)臨海(hai)(hai)(hai)。它東(dong)(dong)瀕(bin)浩瀚(han)東(dong)(dong)海(hai)(hai)(hai),南與上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)寶山區(qu)、浦(pu)東(dong)(dong)新區(qu)及江蘇(su)省太倉市(shi)(shi)(shi)隔水相望(wang),西接滾(gun)滾(gun)長(chang)江,北(bei)(bei)與江蘇(su)省海(hai)(hai)(hai)門區(qu)、啟東(dong)(dong)市(shi)(shi)(shi)一衣(yi)帶(dai)水。公(gong)元1222年(nian)(nian) (南宋嘉定十五(wu)年(nian)(nian))在崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)天(tian)賜鹽場(chang),隸(li)通州;1958年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)1日改隸(li)上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi),設(she)(she)立崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)縣(xian)。崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)沙烏(wu)頭(tou)(tou)豬(zhu)農產品地理標(biao)志地域(yu)保(bao)護(hu)范圍為東(dong)(dong)經121°09′30"至(zhi)121°54′00"、北(bei)(bei)緯31°27′00"至(zhi)31°51′15"的(de)(de)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)縣(xian),包括崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)(dao)、長(chang)興(xing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)和橫沙島(dao)(dao)(dao)。三島(dao)(dao)(dao)陸(lu)域(yu)總面(mian)積(ji)為1411平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li),其中崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)島(dao)(dao)(dao)1267平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li),長(chang)興(xing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)88平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li),橫沙島(dao)(dao)(dao)56平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li),崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)沙烏(wu)頭(tou)(tou)豬(zhu)生產規模48000頭(tou)(tou),年(nian)(nian)總產量(liang)8000噸。2002年(nian)(nian)上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)委市(shi)(shi)(shi)政府就明(ming)(ming)(ming)確把崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)縣(xian)作(zuo)為21世(shi)紀上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)可持續發展的(de)(de)重(zhong)要戰略空間。2005年(nian)(nian),隨著建設(she)(she)崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)為世(shi)界級(ji)現代(dai)化(hua)生態島(dao)(dao)(dao)區(qu)總目標(biao)的(de)(de)確定,崇(chong)(chong)明(ming)(ming)(ming)迎(ying)來了千載難(nan)逢的(de)(de)歷史發展機遇(yu)。