潼關醬筍是陜西省潼關縣久負(fu)盛名(ming)(ming)的漢族(zu)傳統名(ming)(ming)菜(cai)(cai),屬于陜菜(cai)(cai)系。此菜(cai)(cai)創(chuang)始(shi)于17世紀。選(xuan)料考究,做(zuo)工精細(xi),外形美(mei)觀,紅(hong)褐透(tou)亮,色澤鮮(xian)潤,酥脆鮮(xian)嫩,咸中(zhong)有甜,筍香濃郁,醬香撲鼻(bi),食之(zhi)開(kai)胃,風味(wei)獨特,耐于長貯,最宜佐餐而聞名(ming)(ming)遐邇,素有“十里放香”的美(mei)譽。為中(zhong)國地(di)理(li)標志保護產品(pin)。
品質特點
“潼(tong)關(guan)醬筍”是渭南市名揚四(si)海的傳統名優(you)特產,由 潼(tong)關(guan)縣醬菜食品廠(chang)生產。它以選料考究,做(zuo)工精細,外形美觀,紅褐透亮(liang),色澤鮮潤(run),酥脆(cui)鮮嫩,咸中有(you)甜,筍香(xiang)濃郁,醬香(xiang)撲鼻,食之開胃,風味獨(du)特,耐于長貯,最宜佐餐而聞名遐邇,素有(you)“十里放香(xiang)”的美譽。
潼關(guan)醬筍營養豐富,富含脂肪(fang)、蛋白質、氨基酸、粗(cu)纖維、糖分、氮化(hua)物、鐵、磷、鈣等(deng)多種營養成分。并(bing)有促進食欲、壯健身體(ti)之功能。
歷史淵源
潼(tong)(tong)關(guan)醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)創始于17世(shi)紀-18世(shi)紀之間(jian)的清(qing)(qing)代(dai)康熙年(nian)(nian)間(jian)。最初(chu)由 山西(xi)省 臨晉(jin)縣(xian)( 在 臨猗縣(xian)境(jing)內)陶康村籍姚(yao)三(san)才的曾祖(zu)父試制(zhi)成功。其(qi)人在陜(shan)西(xi) 潼(tong)(tong)關(guan)縣(xian)城開了(le)一(yi)個菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)店(dian)(dian),兼賣油(you)為(wei)生。為(wei)了(le)減少(shao)蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)損失(shi),增加(jia)收(shou)益(yi),常注(zhu)意鉆研蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的貯存問題,以(yi)及淡季的蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)供(gong)應。先以(yi)陶瓷(ci)盆罐(guan)加(jia)鹽試腌萵筍(sun)(sun)(sun),邊試邊改進,后來又用面(mian)醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)腌曬,獲(huo)得成功,制(zhi)出(chu)的醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)味(wei)道鮮美(mei),生意興隆(long),就在潼(tong)(tong)關(guan)石橋(qiao)西(xi)開設了(le)一(yi)個專(zhuan)(zhuan)門經(jing)營醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的店(dian)(dian)鋪,名(ming)(ming)曰“萬(wan)(wan)新(xin)合(he)”醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)園。由于經(jing)營有方(fang),規模(mo)不斷擴大,至1803年(nian)(nian)(清(qing)(qing)嘉慶八(ba)年(nian)(nian)),資本發展成萬(wan)(wan)余兩白銀(yin),專(zhuan)(zhuan)賣醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai),相繼增設“萬(wan)(wan)盛(sheng)合(he)”、“萬(wan)(wan)順(shun)合(he)”等十多家分號醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)園。分布于 潼(tong)(tong)關(guan)、 華陰、 渭南、 西(xi)安、 咸陽(yang)和 漢中等地。經(jing)營醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)、八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)、醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)瓜、糖蒜、面(mian)醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)和豆醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)等醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)貨,尤以(yi)醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)和八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)最負盛(sheng)名(ming)(ming)。因產品(pin)(pin)(pin)精良,店(dian)(dian)鋪增多,皆以(yi)“萬(wan)(wan)”字冠(guan)其(qi)名(ming)(ming)。據清(qing)(qing)代(dai)《內文獻》記載:“陜(shan)西(xi)潼(tong)(tong)關(guan)久著歷史,而城內外潼(tong)(tong)河(he)沿岸水土優(you)美(mei),所產之醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)醬(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為(wei)全省之冠(guan)。清(qing)(qing)時列(lie)為(wei)貢品(pin)(pin)(pin)。萬(wan)(wan)盛(sheng)源自清(qing)(qing)道光年(nian)(nian)間(jian),專(zhuan)(zhuan)制(zhi)新(xin)品(pin)(pin)(pin),歷百余年(nian)(nian),精益(yi)求精。”19世(shi)紀中期的清(qing)(qing)代(dai)道光年(nian)(nian)間(jian),曾被列(lie)為(wei)皇(huang)宮貢品(pin)(pin)(pin),稱為(wei)“廷筍(sun)(sun)(sun)”。
1915年(nian)(nian)榮(rong)膺(ying) 巴拿馬萬(wan)國(guo)(guo)博覽會(hui)金獎(jiang)。1924年(nian)(nian) 魯迅(xun)先生(sheng)專程來(lai)潼(tong)(tong)品嘗(chang)潼(tong)(tong)關(guan)醬(jiang)菜(cai),贊(zan)不(bu)絕口,一(yi)時傳為(wei)佳話 。1949年(nian)(nian)新(xin)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建立(li)后,1956年(nian)(nian),萬(wan)盛(sheng)源(yuan)醬(jiang)園(yuan)進行了(le)公私合(he)營(ying),建立(li)了(le)潼(tong)(tong)關(guan)縣醬(jiang)菜(cai)食(shi)品廠,為(wei)全民(min)所有制小型企業(ye),生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)規模(mo)擴大,產(chan)(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)量進一(yi)步提高(gao)。1980年(nian)(nian)被評(ping)為(wei)陜西(xi)省(sheng)優(you)質(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品第—名(ming)(ming)(ming);1982年(nian)(nian)被評(ping) 為(wei)陜西(xi)省(sheng)優(you)質(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品;1983年(nian)(nian)被中(zhong)商部(bu)評(ping)為(wei)優(you)質(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)特產(chan)(chan)(chan)品;1992年(nian)(nian)經國(guo)(guo)家有關(guan)部(bu)門(men)批準,潼(tong)(tong)關(guan)醬(jiang)筍、醬(jiang)菜(cai)赴印尼展銷,并載人《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)土特名(ming)(ming)(ming)產(chan)(chan)(chan)》和《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)土特名(ming)(ming)(ming)產(chan)(chan)(chan)辭典》等書。 還被評(ping)為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)楊(yang)凌農業(ye)高(gao)新(xin)科技(ji)成(cheng)果博覽會(hui)“后稷(ji)”金像獎(jiang)等多項殊榮(rong)。2007年(nian)(nian),萬(wan)盛(sheng)園(yuan)醬(jiang)菜(cai)獲“陜西(xi)省(sheng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)牌(pai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品”稱(cheng)號,“萬(wan)盛(sheng)園(yuan)”商標被評(ping)為(wei)陜西(xi)省(sheng)著名(ming)(ming)(ming)商標,2009年(nian)(nian),萬(wan)盛(sheng)園(yuan)醬(jiang)菜(cai)手工技(ji)藝錄入陜西(xi)省(sheng) 非物質(zhi)文化遺產(chan)(chan)(chan)代表作名(ming)(ming)(ming)錄。
生產條件
潼關醬筍(sun)之(zhi)所(suo)以久負(fu)盛名,主要選(xuan)用當地(di)所(suo)產(chan)上(shang)等(deng) 萵(wo)筍(sun)為原料,精心加(jia)工而成(cheng),潼關北依(yi) 黃(huang)河,南依(yi) 秦嶺,是八百里(li) 秦川的東大門。這里(li)氣候溫和,水源豐富,土地(di)肥沃, 萵(wo)筍(sun)生長(chang)期長(chang),頭年(nian)10月(yue)—卜種,次(ci)年(nian)6月(yue)收獲,生長(chang)期達8個月(yue)之(zhi)久。所(suo)產(chan)萵(wo)筍(sun)挺直堅(jian)實,個大皮薄,粗壯(zhuang)肉嫩,青(qing)(qing)脆可口,上(shang)下粗細均勻,葉黃(huang),外(wai)皮發白(bai),內皮變硬,為優質萵(wo)筍(sun),號(hao)稱(cheng)“鐵桿青(qing)(qing)筍(sun)”,是制作(zuo)醬筍(sun)的理(li)想原料。采用山(shan)西 潞(lu)鹽為輔料。這種鹽含硝大,食(shi)用雖不佳,腌制醬菜卻很理(li)想。