嵌入式工程師

在傳統工業領域，以及數字醫療、通信、消費電子等新興領域，嵌入式系統與軟件的應用都覆蓋了整個電子產業。現階段，我國嵌入式人才缺口每年50萬人左右，嵌入式工程師是“十大電子信息工程就業崗位”之一。嵌入式分為操作系統和硬件兩個方面，就業方向更廣、更深，就業機會和入職待遇比普通軟件工程師好。如有機會，可就職于大疆、華為等知名企業。

硬件工程師

一(yi)(yi)個硬(ying)(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)項(xiang)(xiang)目團隊中，有兩(liang)個和所(suo)有人都要打交道的(de)角色，一(yi)(yi)個是(shi)項(xiang)(xiang)目經理(li)，另(ling)一(yi)(yi)個就是(shi)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)。硬(ying)(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)是(shi)研發(fa)團隊中重要的(de)一(yi)(yi)員，在產(chan)(chan)品(pin)研發(fa)的(de)不(bu)同(tong)階段都有相應職能，工(gong)(gong)作職責總的(de)來說，就是(shi)負責整個產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)設計。在Maigoo小(xiao)編看來，硬(ying)(ying)(ying)件(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)方向大概(gai)有以(yi)下幾種(zhong)：技術專家或系統工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)經理(li)、團隊管理(li)者(zhe)、創(chuang)業者(zhe)等。

軟件工程師

軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)工程(cheng)是計(ji)算(suan)機領域發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)較(jiao)快的(de)學科分(fen)支之一，包括軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)設計(ji)人員、軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)架構(gou)人員、軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)工程(cheng)管理(li)人員、程(cheng)序(xu)員等崗位，工作內容都與軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)產相關。軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)工具、開(kai)發(fa)(fa)技術在(zai)不(bu)斷地發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，各行業也因為(wei)計(ji)算(suan)機技術發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)一系列變化，未來，國內外高(gao)層次軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)人才將供(gong)不(bu)應(ying)求，就業前(qian)景十(shi)分(fen)可(ke)觀。電子信(xin)息(xi)工程(cheng)就業前(qian)景分(fen)析：畢(bi)業生(sheng)可(ke)在(zai)各大軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)公(gong)司、企事業單(dan)位、高(gao)等院校、研(yan)究所、國防等重要部門(men)從事軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)設計(ji)、應(ying)用與研(yan)究等工作。

測試工程師

測試(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)是(shi)“軟件質量”的(de)(de)把關者(zhe)，我國軟件測試(shi)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)還(huan)未完(wan)全(quan)成(cheng)熟，還(huan)有(you)較大(da)發展空間。傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)軟件行業(ye)(ye)是(shi)以軟件測試(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)為主(zhu)，但是(shi)在新興的(de)(de)互聯(lian)網行業(ye)(ye)中，大(da)多企業(ye)(ye)會以QA來命名這(zhe)個職(zhi)位，也(ye)就是(shi)質量保證。質量是(shi)企業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)生命線，測試(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)作為軟件質量的(de)(de)守門人，因為職(zhi)位的(de)(de)重要(yao)而有(you)較高的(de)(de)待遇就順(shun)理成(cheng)章了。同時，國家(jia)亦有(you)相關政(zheng)策(ce)扶持(chi)，如(ru)信產(chan)部聯(lian)合五部委頒布(bu)的(de)(de)124號文件，特(te)別強調(diao)要(yao)“加快培養軟件測試(shi)人才”。測試(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)是(shi)“十大(da)電(dian)子信息工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)就業(ye)(ye)崗位”之(zhi)一。

電氣工程師

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電(dian)(dian)能源(yuan)在(zai)世界范圍(wei)內必不可(ke)少，電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師有著(zhu)巨大的市場(chang)需(xu)求。電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師主要從(cong)事電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)專業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程設(she)計及相關業(ye)(ye)務，需(xu)取(qu)得注冊(ce)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師證書(shu)。電(dian)(dian)子信息工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程專業(ye)(ye)畢業(ye)(ye)生可(ke)參(can)加該(gai)證書(shu)的基礎考(kao)試，在(zai)取(qu)得雙學(xue)士學(xue)位或研究生學(xue)歷后，并滿足一定工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作年限，可(ke)參(can)加專業(ye)(ye)考(kao)試。電(dian)(dian)子信息工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程就業(ye)(ye)前景(jing)分析：未來可(ke)就職于(yu)電(dian)(dian)力設(she)計院(yuan)、電(dian)(dian)廠、電(dian)(dian)力局等處(chu)，可(ke)逐步發展為高級(ji)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師。

技術支持工程師

技術支持工程師主要是在軟件或硬件方向，從事售前或售后技術維護、應用培訓、升級管理、解決投訴等工作，最終擴(kuo)大(da)用(yong)戶(hu)群體對品(pin)牌的良好口碑。選擇(ze)從事技(ji)術(shu)支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)工(gong)程師這(zhe)個行業，發展(zhan)前景是(shi)向好的：例如“家電下鄉(xiang)”等國家政策的出臺，都(dou)為技(ji)術(shu)支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)提(ti)供(gong)了廣闊的市場(chang)空間，行業發展(zhan)促進(jin)人才(cai)的需(xu)求，專業的技(ji)術(shu)支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)工(gong)程師是(shi)現在企業的寶貴人力資(zi)源財富。

單片機開發工程師

電(dian)子(zi)信(xin)息工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)可以從事什么工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)？單片(pian)(pian)機(ji)已(yi)滲透(tou)到(dao)我們生活的(de)(de)各個領域，大到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)上的(de)(de)設備控(kong)制，小到(dao)家用的(de)(de)洗衣機(ji)電(dian)磁率微(wei)波爐，單片(pian)(pian)機(ji)幾乎(hu)是無處不在的(de)(de)，任何電(dian)子(zi)產品都離(li)不開單片(pian)(pian)機(ji)。電(dian)子(zi)信(xin)息工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)作(zuo)(zuo)為該技術的(de)(de)相關(guan)專業(ye)，其畢業(ye)生日后可從事該項工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，任職要求包括但(dan)不限于：對控(kong)制、信(xin)號系統有所了(le)解(jie)，知道必要的(de)(de)算法(fa)；熟練使用Protel99、Altium Designer、Keil等(deng)開發工(gong)(gong)(gong)具；能夠(gou)進行PCB版圖設計(ji)等(deng)。

算法工程師

算(suan)(suan)法(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)可簡單理(li)解為“利(li)用算(suan)(suan)法(fa)處(chu)(chu)理(li)事物(wu)的(de)人”。現階(jie)段(duan)國(guo)內從(cong)事算(suan)(suan)法(fa)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)少，但是(shi)(shi)高級算(suan)(suan)法(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)卻很少，是(shi)(shi)一個非常緊缺的(de)職業。電子信(xin)息(xi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程就業前景(jing)分析(xi)：根(gen)據研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)領(ling)域的(de)不(bu)同，成為算(suan)(suan)法(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)的(de)發展方向有信(xin)號算(suan)(suan)法(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)、通信(xin)基帶(dai)算(suan)(suan)法(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)、視頻算(suan)(suan)法(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)、圖像處(chu)(chu)理(li)算(suan)(suan)法(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)、音頻算(suan)(suan)法(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)等。另外(wai)值得一提的(de)是(shi)(shi)，算(suan)(suan)法(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)(shi)正逐步(bu)往(wang)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能領(ling)域發展，人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能是(shi)(shi)全球化發展的(de)技術，前景(jing)可觀。

運維工程師

電(dian)子(zi)信息工(gong)程就業方向——運(yun)維(wei)工(gong)程師，負責維(wei)護并確保(bao)整個(ge)(ge)服(fu)務的高(gao)可用性，同(tong)時不斷優(you)化(hua)系統(tong)架(jia)構提升部(bu)署效率、優(you)化(hua)資源(yuan)利用率提高(gao)整體(ti)的ROI。擔任運(yun)維(wei)工(gong)程師這個(ge)(ge)崗(gang)位(wei)的最(zui)大(da)(da)挑戰，就是(shi)大(da)(da)規模(mo)集群的管(guan)理(li)問題，如何管(guan)理(li)好幾(ji)十萬(wan)臺(tai)服(fu)務器上的服(fu)務，同(tong)時保(bao)障服(fu)務的高(gao)可用性，是(shi)運(yun)維(wei)工(gong)程師面(mian)臨的最(zui)大(da)(da)挑戰。有經(jing)驗的運(yun)維(wei)人才(cai)需求量大(da)(da)，“越(yue)(yue)老越(yue)(yue)值錢(qian)”。

項目經理

項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)經理是項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)直接責任人，既(ji)要負責項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)團(tuan)隊的(de)搭建，又要保障(zhang)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)按照既(ji)定計劃推進，保障(zhang)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)開發(fa)(fa)周(zhou)期。隨著互聯(lian)網行業的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)經理崗位的(de)作用越發(fa)(fa)重要，由于(yu)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)經理資源比較(jiao)有限，所以(yi)很多項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)經理會同(tong)時承擔多個項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。總(zong)體(ti)上(shang)來說，項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)經理的(de)薪資待遇還是比較(jiao)可觀的(de)，未來發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)前景也比較(jiao)廣(guang)闊(kuo)，堪稱(cheng)“十大(da)電子(zi)信(xin)息工程就業崗位”之一。

研究聲明：十大(da)電子信息(xi)工程(cheng)就業(ye)方(fang)向排(pai)(pai)排(pai)(pai)榜，MAIGoo小編盤點了部(bu)分具有(you)代表性的熱(re)門崗位或就業(ye)方(fang)向，是依據整體就業(ye)趨勢(shi)、行業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢(shi)、國家政策利好、行業(ye)人才供(gong)需比、媒體報(bao)道頻(pin)率(lv)、網絡關注指(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)等多(duo)個指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)，并結合互(hu)聯網相關排(pai)(pai)行榜綜合得出(chu)。本文僅供(gong)參考，不作就業(ye)指(zhi)(zhi)導。