城(cheng)市(shi)基礎設施(shi)的(de)(de)更(geng)新換代和(he)不(bu)(bu)斷發展,導致了對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)技術(shu)(shu)人(ren)才需求(qiu)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷增長,在很多(duo)人(ren)才市(shi)場上,房屋和(he)土(tu)木工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建筑(zhu)業(ye)的(de)(de)人(ren)才需求(qiu)量已(yi)經躍居第一(yi)位,一(yi)直有著不(bu)(bu)錯的(de)(de)就業(ye)前景;可進入到建筑(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)、房地產開發企(qi)業(ye)、路橋(qiao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)等(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作,代表性崗位有施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)員、結構工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師、建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師、技術(shu)(shu)經理、總(zong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師等(deng)(deng);大(da)學生(sheng)在實習時(shi)可選擇(ze)路基、路面、小(xiao)橋(qiao)涵的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、測量工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。
隨著城市建(jian)設(she)的(de)不斷深入,各設(she)計院、工程勘(kan)察單(dan)位、房(fang)地產開發(fa)企業(ye)(ye)、建(jian)設(she)單(dan)位等(deng),對現(xian)代化設(she)計規劃人才的(de)需求大幅增(zeng)長;相應職位有(you)結構工程師、橋梁(liang)工程師、巖土(tu)工程師、預算工程師等(deng),主要從事房(fang)屋建(jian)筑、道(dao)路與橋梁(liang)、地下(xia)工程等(deng)設(she)計工作。此類職位不僅需要專業(ye)(ye)知識,還需要有(you)足夠的(de)大局觀和項(xiang)目經驗;在(zai)實(shi)習時(shi),買(mai)購小(xiao)編建(jian)議選(xuan)取一些相關的(de)單(dan)位和任(ren)務,如工程制圖(tu)、工程預算、房(fang)地產估價等(deng)。
“智(zhi)慧(hui)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)互聯(lian)網企業(ye)(ye)及軟硬件企業(ye)(ye)”是清華大學土木工程專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)本科招生宣傳冊上,公(gong)(gong)開(kai)提出的(de)主要就業(ye)(ye)方向之一(yi)。“智(zhi)慧(hui)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)”相(xiang)關(guan)技術的(de)發(fa)展(zhan),可以更高(gao)(gao)質量(liang)的(de)保障交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)安(an)全(quan)、發(fa)揮交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)基礎設(she)施(shi)效能、提升(sheng)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)系(xi)統運(yun)行(xing)效率和(he)管理水(shui)平,為(wei)通(tong)(tong)(tong)暢的(de)公(gong)(gong)眾出行(xing)和(he)可持(chi)續的(de)經濟發(fa)展(zhan)服務。根據《交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)強(qiang)國(guo)建(jian)設(she)綱要》中(zhong)規劃目標,到21世紀中(zhong)葉,我國(guo)將(jiang)全(quan)面建(jian)成(cheng)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)強(qiang)國(guo),而智(zhi)慧(hui)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)作為(wei)智(zhi)慧(hui)城市建(jian)設(she)中(zhong)的(de)主要組(zu)成(cheng)部分(fen),其市場將(jiang)保持(chi)高(gao)(gao)速增長趨(qu)勢,發(fa)展(zhan)前景(jing)廣(guang)闊。現階(jie)段代表性(xing)企業(ye)(ye)有百(bai)度、文安(an)智(zhi)能、卓(zhuo)視智(zhi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)等。
“中國尊”“港珠澳大橋(qiao)”等赫赫有名的工(gong)程(cheng)背后,都離(li)不(bu)開BIM技(ji)術(shu)的支(zhi)撐。“BIM”是一種三維數字化(hua)新技(ji)術(shu),可以在計算機上(shang)模(mo)擬出3D建筑模(mo)型,國內(nei)不(bu)少地產商(shang)都已經配備。成(cheng)熟的BIM團隊在接到設計需求后,工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)會利用該技(ji)術(shu)把房子搭建一遍,可以精(jing)確(que)到每顆螺絲、每根鋼筋,同時對建造設計、施工(gong)和運維等過(guo)程(cheng)進(jin)(jin)行信息(xi)化(hua)處理,進(jin)(jin)而提高施工(gong)效率,降(jiang)低溝(gou)通成(cheng)本。土木工(gong)程(cheng)專業(ye)就(jiu)業(ye)崗位有BIM建模(mo)員、BIM專業(ye)工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)、軟件開發工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)、項目(mu)經理等。
路(lu)橋、建筑行業(ye)的(de)飛速發展,帶來(lai)了巨大的(de)土(tu)木(mu)工(gong)程(cheng)專業(ye)人才需求。成為(wei)(wei)一名(ming)公務員,已經是許(xu)多畢(bi)業(ye)生選擇的(de)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)之路(lu),是土(tu)木(mu)工(gong)程(cheng)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)/土(tu)木(mu)工(gong)程(cheng)專業(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)崗位之一;不過需要(yao)注意的(de)是,其競爭一般較為(wei)(wei)激烈(lie),需要(yao)具(ju)有(you)較高的(de)專業(ye)水平和綜合素質;可報考(kao)的(de)部門有(you)規劃局、交通局、水利局、地質局、國土(tu)局、公路(lu)局等(deng)。
土木(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)程專業可以從事哪(na)些(xie)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)?工(gong)(gong)程監理(li)(li)(li)是土木(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)程領(ling)域重要的職業,隨著我(wo)國對(dui)建(jian)筑、路橋施工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量監管的日(ri)益規范,監理(li)(li)(li)行業自誕生以來就(jiu)面臨著空(kong)前的發(fa)展機遇,并且隨著國家(jia)工(gong)(gong)程監理(li)(li)(li)制度的日(ri)益完(wan)善,有著更加廣闊的發(fa)展空(kong)間;可進入建(jian)筑、路橋監理(li)(li)(li)公(gong)司、工(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量檢測監督部門(men)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),土木(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)程就(jiu)業初級職位(wei)為監理(li)(li)(li)員,可往上晉升至總監理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)程師。
智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)是(shi)解決建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)行業(ye)(ye)低效率、高污染、高能(neng)耗的有效途徑之一(yi),是(shi)符(fu)合建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)、制造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)轉型(xing)升級的時代需求,也是(shi)國家(jia)高新技術(shu)的重點發(fa)展方向之一(yi),國家(jia)相(xiang)關部門已出臺政策,如《關于推(tui)動智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)與(yu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工業(ye)(ye)化協同發(fa)展的指導意見》就提出加大(da)(da)人才培育力(li)度,各地要(yao)制定智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)人才培育相(xiang)關政策措施。未來,智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)技術(shu)人員缺口將大(da)(da)于100萬/年,智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)師有著供不應求的就業(ye)(ye)前景。
土木(mu)工程就業(ye)(ye)、土木(mu)工程專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)就業(ye)(ye)前景,還可(ke)以進入(ru)大(da)中專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)院校、科研及設(she)計(ji)單位(wei),從(cong)事(shi)教(jiao)學(xue)和(he)(he)相關科研工作;想要(yao)從(cong)事(shi)此類行業(ye)(ye),一方(fang)面在校期間要(yao)學(xue)好專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)課,使(shi)自(zi)己(ji)具有較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)水平,另一方(fang)向特別(bie)要(yao)注意(yi)理論(lun)知識的(de)(de)學(xue)習和(he)(he)個人綜合素(su)質(zhi)的(de)(de)培養(yang),使(shi)自(zi)己(ji)具備較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)普通話、外(wai)語(yu)、計(ji)算機水平和(he)(he)較(jiao)(jiao)好的(de)(de)應變(bian)能力。
土(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程專業(ye)可以從(cong)事哪些(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作?我國有著龐大的軌道(dao)交通(tong)系統,地鐵(tie)(tie)、高(gao)鐵(tie)(tie)、城鐵(tie)(tie)等全面高(gao)質(zhi)量發展,這些(xie)軌道(dao)建筑都需(xu)要大量技(ji)術人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)來檢測和(he)維(wei)修;其代表性崗(gang)位(wei)有“軌道(dao)交通(tong)及鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)務部門(men)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)”,一(yi)般(ban)是建設單位(wei)內部的工(gong)(gong)(gong)程技(ji)術人(ren)(ren)員(yuan);土(tu)木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程專業(ye)就業(ye)前(qian)景、晉升路(lu)線(xian):技(ji)術員(yuan)——助理工(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)——工(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)——初級(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)(shi)等。
從事“招標投標類”土木工程專業就業崗位、土木工程專業就業方向,可以到建設單位、房地產公司、監理公(gong)司(si)和工(gong)程咨(zi)詢公(gong)司(si)等處工(gong)作。如果(guo)從事的是(shi)政府采購類招(zhao)投(tou)標(biao)的話,因為(wei)招(zhao)標(biao)內容各式(shi)各樣,可以(yi)接觸(chu)到各行(xing)各業的人,對于人脈積累很有用(yong),以(yi)后轉行(xing)也可以(yi)很快融入到行(xing)業中。總體來說招(zhao)投(tou)標(biao)行(xing)業的前景還是(shi)不錯的,現在(zai)各行(xing)各業都在(zai)搞招(zhao)投(tou)標(biao)。
研究聲明:十大(da)土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)程專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)方(fang)向榜(bang)中榜(bang),盤點(dian)了(le)部分具有代表性(xing)的熱(re)門崗(gang)位和就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)方(fang)向,是依據央視(shi)新聞土木(mu)工(gong)(gong)程專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)報道,清華大(da)學土木(mu)大(da)類本(ben)科招生(sheng)宣(xuan)傳冊(ce),以及(ji)整體(ti)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)趨勢、就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)率(lv)、行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展趨勢、國家政策利(li)好、行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人才(cai)供(gong)需(xu)比、媒體(ti)報道頻(pin)率(lv)、網(wang)絡關(guan)注(zhu)指數等(deng)多個指標,并結合互聯網(wang)相關(guan)排行(xing)榜(bang)綜合得出。本(ben)文僅供(gong)參考,MAIgoo編輯歡迎(ying)在末尾評論(lun)/交(jiao)流(liu)。