工程機械是裝備工業的重(zhong)要組成部(bu)分。概(gai)括(kuo)地說(shuo)，凡土(tu)石(shi)方施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、路面(mian)建(jian)(jian)設(she)與養護、流動式(shi)起重(zhong)裝卸作業和各種建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)所需的綜(zong)合(he)性機(ji)械(xie)化(hua)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)所必需的機(ji)械(xie)裝備，稱為工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)。它主(zhu)要用于國防建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)程、交通運輸(shu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，能源工(gong)(gong)業建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)和生產、礦山等原材料工(gong)(gong)業建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)和生產、農林水利建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、工(gong)(gong)業與(yu)民用建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑、城市建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、環境保護等領域。在世界各國，對(dui)這(zhe)個行(xing)業的稱(cheng)謂(wei)基本雷同，其中美國和英國稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)機(ji)械(xie)與設備，德國稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)機(ji)械(xie)與裝(zhuang)置，俄羅斯稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)與筑(zhu)路機(ji)械(xie)，日本稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)建(jian)(jian)設機(ji)(ji)械(xie)。在(zai)(zai)中國(guo)部分產品也稱為(wei)建(jian)設(she)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，而在(zai)(zai)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)系統根據國(guo)務院組建(jian)該行業批文時統稱為(wei)工程機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，一直延續(xu)到現在(zai)(zai)。各國(guo)對該行業劃定產品范圍大(da)致相同，中國工(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械與其(qi)他各(ge)國比較還增加了鐵(tie)路(lu)線(xian)路(lu)工(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械、叉車與工(gong)(gong)業搬運車輛、裝修機(ji)械、電梯、風動工(gong)(gong)具等(deng)行業。

中國工程機械行業產品范圍主要從通用(yong)設(she)備制(zhi)(zhi)造專(zhuan)業和(he)專(zhuan)用(yong)設(she)備制(zhi)(zhi)造業大(da)類中(zhong)分列出來。1979年(nian)由(you)國(guo)家(jia)計委和(he)第一機械工業部對中(zhong)國(guo)工程機械行(xing)業發展編制(zhi)(zhi)了(le)“七五”發展規劃，產品范圍涵蓋了工程(cheng)機(ji)械大行(xing)業(ye)18大類(lei)產品，并在(zai)“七五”發展規劃(hua)后(hou)的歷次國(guo)家機(ji)械工業(ye)行(xing)業(ye)規劃(hua)都確認了工程(cheng)機(ji)械這(zhe)18大類(lei)產品，其產品范圍一直延續至(zhi)今。這(zhe)18大(da)類產品(pin)，包括挖掘(jue)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，鏟土運輸機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，工(gong)程起重機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，工(gong)業車輛，壓實機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，樁(zhuang)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，混凝土機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，鋼筋(jin)及預(yu)應力機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，裝修機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，鑿巖機(ji)(ji)械(xie)，氣動工(gong)具，鐵路路線(xian)機(ji)械(xie)，軍(jun)用(yong)工(gong)程機(ji)械(xie)，電(dian)梯與扶梯，工(gong)程機(ji)械(xie)專用(yong)零部(bu)件等(deng)。