芒果视频

產品介紹

茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)位于四(si)(si)川省阿壩(ba)藏族(zu)羌(qiang)族(zu)自治州東南部(bu)，是我國(guo)(guo)(guo)最(zui)大(da)(da)的羌(qiang)民(min)(min)族(zu)聚(ju)居地(di)，占全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)羌(qiang)族(zu)總人(ren)口的30.5%。據《舊唐(tang)書(shu)》、《茂(mao)(mao)州志(zhi)》記載：茂(mao)(mao)州“以郡界(jie)茂(mao)(mao)濕山為(wei)名(ming)”，唐(tang)代(dai)至(zhi)民(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)初期均用(yong)此名(ming)。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)，汶(wen)(wen)川、理(li)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)3縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)(he)并置茂(mao)(mao)汶(wen)(wen)羌(qiang)族(zu)自治縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)撤自治縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，茂(mao)(mao)汶(wen)(wen)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)仍置茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。因此，茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)區(qu)出(chu)產(chan)(chan)的蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)一(yi)直被(bei)稱為(wei)“茂(mao)(mao)汶(wen)(wen)蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”。 茂(mao)(mao)汶(wen)(wen)蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植歷史悠久(jiu)，清朝(chao)末期，蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)由(you)英國(guo)(guo)(guo)傳教(jiao)士引(yin)(yin)進并少量(liang)栽培(pei)。據《阿壩(ba)州志(zhi)》、《茂(mao)(mao)汶(wen)(wen)羌(qiang)族(zu)自治縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》記載，民(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)25、28、35年(nian)(nian)(nian)，茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)陳氏父子先(xian)后(hou)從四(si)(si)川農(nong)(nong)業改進所(suo)引(yin)(yin)進蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)苗百余株(zhu)在茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)栽培(pei)獲得成(cheng)功，引(yin)(yin)進品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)要(yao)是金(jin)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)星(xing)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)。建(jian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)初期，川西(xi)農(nong)(nong)業廳(ting)及四(si)(si)川大(da)(da)學(xue)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)系師生來(lai)到(dao)茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)進行綜合(he)(he)考察，得出(chu)茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)自然地(di)理(li)條件(jian)適(shi)宜(yi)蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)生長的結論。上(shang)世紀50年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)，全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)引(yin)(yin)進蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)砧木(mu)苗木(mu)和品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)50余個，逐(zhu)漸發展成(cheng)為(wei)西(xi)南地(di)區(qu)蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)資源最(zui)豐富的地(di)區(qu)。 隨著蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)業的迅速發展，50年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)至(zhi)60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)先(xian)后(hou)建(jian)成(cheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)營鳳儀、鳳毛坪(ping)、大(da)(da)河(he)壩(ba)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)場，1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)建(jian)立21個鄉園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)場，蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹達(da)50萬(wan)(wan)株(zhu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)達(da)700萬(wan)(wan)斤(jin)左右。“金(jin)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)星(xing)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)”品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在1963、1964、1975、1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)四(si)(si)次(ci)被(bei)評為(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)第一(yi)名(ming)，三次(ci)被(bei)評為(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)優秀水果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)稱號；1966年(nian)(nian)(nian)，“紅(hong)(hong)(hong)星(xing)，紅(hong)(hong)(hong)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)”品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)運往香港市(shi)場譽勝(sheng)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)“蛇(she)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”；1974年(nian)(nian)(nian)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)牧漁(yu)業部(bu)、外貿部(bu)、供(gong)銷合(he)(he)作總社(she)在京召開全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)鑒定(ding)會，“紅(hong)(hong)(hong)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)”“金(jin)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)”品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被(bei)評為(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)之冠(guan)(guan)(guan)。80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)初，茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政府提(ti)出(chu)把發展蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)作為(wei)搞活農(nong)(nong)村經(jing)(jing)濟的帶頭產(chan)(chan)業。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)，茂(mao)(mao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被(bei)確定(ding)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)優秀蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)商品基地(di)建(jian)設(she)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，同年(nian)(nian)(nian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)牧漁(yu)業部(bu)、省農(nong)(nong)業廳(ting)、州農(nong)(nong)牧局投資120萬(wan)(wan)元，在縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城建(jian)500噸(dun)儲藏冷庫(ku)。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)，全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)儲藏保鮮(xian)量(liang)突破(po)100萬(wan)(wan)斤(jin)。 從90年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)中(zhong)后(hou)期開始，茂(mao)(mao)汶(wen)(wen)蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)通過改造(zao)低(di)產(chan)(chan)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、人(ren)工授粉(fen)、套(tao)袋技(ji)術、高接換代(dai)、地(di)膜(mo)覆蓋等(deng)新技(ji)術的實(shi)施，全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)均有(you)不同程度更新，產(chan)(chan)量(liang)穩定(ding)增長，質量(liang)明顯(xian)提(ti)高。目前，茂(mao)(mao)汶(wen)(wen)蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積突破(po)25000畝，產(chan)(chan)量(liang)達(da)50000噸(dun)，已成(cheng)為(wei)促進全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)增收的主(zhu)要(yao)產(chan)(chan)業之一(yi)。“十(shi)二五”農(nong)(nong)業和農(nong)(nong)村經(jing)(jing)濟發展規劃(hua)提(ti)綱中(zhong)計劃(hua)提(ti)升(sheng)改造(zao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)35000萬(wan)(wan)畝，通過項目建(jian)設(she)，調整(zheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和熟期結構，5年(nian)(nian)(nian)內名(ming)優新蘋(pin)(pin)(pin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)比例(li)達(da)到(dao)60%以上(shang)，優質商品果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)達(da)到(dao)70%以上(shang)。

自然生(sheng)態(tai)環境和(he)人文歷史因素(su)

茂汶蘋(pin)果(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區地(di)貌以高(gao)(gao)山(shan)峽(xia)谷為主(zhu)(zhu)，境內高(gao)(gao)山(shan)聳立，河流深切，地(di)勢西北(bei)高(gao)(gao)、東南(nan)低(di)，東部土(tu)(tu)門地(di)區山(shan)勢、谷坡較(jiao)為低(di)緩(huan)。山(shan)峰(feng)多(duo)在海(hai)拔4000m左右，相對(dui)高(gao)(gao)度1500-2500m，最(zui)高(gao)(gao)海(hai)拔5230m，最(zui)低(di)海(hai)拔890m。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區地(di)質構造復雜，巖層(ceng)有夾沙灰、黑色頁巖、砂(sha)板巖、火成(cheng)巖等，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)以暗棕壤(rang)(rang)、褐土(tu)(tu)、棕壤(rang)(rang)為主(zhu)(zhu)，pH值6.0-8.0，有機質含(han)量(liang)高(gao)(gao)，適(shi)合蘋(pin)果(guo)種植。茂汶蘋(pin)果(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區屬北(bei)亞熱帶氣(qi)(qi)候，立體垂直氣(qi)(qi)候特(te)(te)征明顯，表現為干燥多(duo)風，冬冷夏涼(liang)、晝(zhou)夜溫差(cha)大、地(di)區差(cha)異大。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區年均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫11.2℃，最(zui)低(di)氣(qi)(qi)溫-11.6℃，最(zui)高(gao)(gao)氣(qi)(qi)溫32℃，年平均(jun)日照(zhao)數(shu)1557小(xiao)(xiao)時，年降水量(liang)490毫(hao)米(mi)，平均(jun)蒸發量(liang)1375毫(hao)米(mi)，無霜期215天(tian)。冬長(chang)無夏、春(chun)秋季相連，春(chun)季氣(qi)(qi)溫回升快(kuai)，氣(qi)(qi)溫年較(jiao)差(cha)小(xiao)(xiao)，日較(jiao)差(cha)大，空氣(qi)(qi)質量(liang)好，無工業(ye)污染，有利于蘋(pin)果(guo)開花結實和光合產(chan)(chan)(chan)物積累。得天(tian)獨厚的生(sheng)態(tai)環境造就了茂汶蘋(pin)果(guo)肉質脆嫩、細膩化渣、風味濃郁的特(te)(te)點。

地域范圍

茂汶蘋果產(chan)于(yu)四川(chuan)省(sheng)阿壩藏族羌(qiang)族自治(zhi)州茂縣(xian)(xian)，農(nong)產(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域保(bao)護(hu)范圍包括茂縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)(jing)內南新鎮(zhen)(zhen)、鳳儀鎮(zhen)(zhen)、溝(gou)口鄉、胃門鄉、永(yong)和鄉、回龍鄉、飛紅鄉、黑虎(hu)鄉、三龍鄉、曲谷鄉、雅(ya)都鄉、太(tai)平鄉、疊溪鎮(zhen)(zhen)、石大關(guan)鄉、松坪溝(gou)鄉、洼底鄉、白(bai)溪鄉、土門鄉、東(dong)興鄉等21個鄉（鎮(zhen)(zhen)）。地(di)理坐標(biao)為東(dong)經(jing)102°56ˊ-104°10ˊ，北緯31°24-32°17之間(jian)，茂縣(xian)(xian)地(di)處四川(chuan)省(sheng)西北部，阿壩藏族羌(qiang)族自治(zhi)州東(dong)南部，東(dong)與(yu)北川(chuan)、安(an)縣(xian)(xian)、綿竹三縣(xian)(xian)毗連，南接什邡、彭(peng)縣(xian)(xian)、汶川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)，西與(yu)理縣(xian)(xian)、黒水(shui)接壤，北臨松潘縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)(jing)。保(bao)護(hu)面(mian)積(ji)96000畝，年產(chan)量19.2萬噸。

品質特性特征

（1）外在感官(guan)特征：茂(mao)汶蘋果(guo)果(guo)實中(zhong)(zhong)大，短圓柱形(xing)，果(guo)面底(di)色黃色，著(zhu)片狀或條(tiao)狀粉(fen)紅暈(yun)，果(guo)點小(xiao)而稀。果(guo)頂(ding)萼(e)洼(wa)窄，較(jiao)深、有淺(qian)的棱狀突(tu)起，萼(e)片宿(su)存(cun)，果(guo)柄(bing)細(xi)。果(guo)心(xin)較(jiao)大、種子小(xiao)、五(wu)心(xin)室，每室著(zhu)生1-2粒種子。果(guo)肉(rou)黃白色，質地脆(cui)、味濃(nong)，純甜、有香(xiang)味，汁液中(zhong)(zhong)等。?

（2）內在品質指標(biao)：茂汶(wen)蘋果可(ke)食率≥80%，可(ke)溶性固(gu)形物≥11%，含(han)有豐富的維生素C，硬(ying)度大、耐(nai)貯藏。