變壓器的原理

變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)原理(li)并不復雜(za)，它(ta)利用了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)(gan)應原理(li)。當其中(zhong)一(yi)塊導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體有(you)(you)一(yi)些不定量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)通(tong)過，便(bian)會產(chan)(chan)生變(bian)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)場。根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)互感(gan)(gan)原理(li)，這變(bian)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)場會使(shi)第二塊導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體產(chan)(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢差。假如第二塊導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體是一(yi)條閉(bi)(bi)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部(bu)份，那么該閉(bi)(bi)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路便(bian)會產(chan)(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力于(yu)是得(de)以傳(chuan)送。在通(tong)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)壓(ya)器中(zhong)，有(you)(you)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體是由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組(zu)成線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)，因為線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)所產(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)場要比(bi)一(yi)條筆直的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大得(de)多。當初級線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)中(zhong)通(tong)有(you)(you)交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)時，鐵芯中(zhong)便(bian)產(chan)(chan)生交(jiao)流(liu)磁(ci)通(tong)，使(shi)次級線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)中(zhong)感(gan)(gan)應出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。初級線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)、次級線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)VS，VP和(he)兩(liang)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)繞線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)匝(za)數NS，NP之間有(you)(you)正(zheng)比(bi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系。

至于變壓器兩方之間的電流或電壓比例，則取決于兩方電路線圈的圈數。圈數較多的一方電壓較高但電流較小，反之亦然。如果撇除泄漏等因素，變壓器兩方的電壓比例相等于兩方的線圈圈數比例，亦即電壓與圈數成正比。因此可以減小或者增加原線圈和副線圈的匝數比，從而升高或者降低電壓，變壓器品牌產品的這(zhe)個性質(zhi)使它成(cheng)為轉(zhuan)換電(dian)壓的重要(yao)設備。由于變(bian)壓器遵守這(zhe)兩(liang)條定律，它不(bu)會是放大器。如果處(chu)在變(bian)壓器兩(liang)方的電(dian)壓有所不(bu)同，那(nei)么流(liu)經變(bian)壓器兩(liang)方的電(dian)流(liu)也會不(bu)同，而(er)兩(liang)者的差距則成(cheng)反比。

干式變壓器和油浸式變壓器的區別

干(gan)式(shi)變壓(ya)器(qi)能直接(jie)看到鐵芯和(he)線(xian)圈，大(da)多使用(yong)硅(gui)橡膠套管，適用(yong)于配電(dian)(dian)用(yong)，容(rong)量(liang)大(da)都在1600KVA以下，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在10KV以下，也(ye)有個別(bie)做(zuo)(zuo)到35KV電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等(deng)級的。油(you)式(shi)變壓(ya)器(qi)只(zhi)能看到變壓(ya)器(qi)的外殼，大(da)部(bu)分使用(yong)瓷套管，可用(yong)于高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)路，可以從小到大(da)做(zuo)(zuo)到全(quan)部(bu)容(rong)量(liang)，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等(deng)級也(ye)做(zuo)(zuo)到了(le)所有電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。

變壓器的等級怎么劃分

變壓(ya)器(qi)的電壓(ya)等級(ji)是(shi)固(gu)定的，常見的有1000KV、750KV、500KV、330KV、220KV、110KV、66KV、35KV、20KV、10KV、6KV等等。變壓(ya)器(qi)的容量等級(ji)按照(zhao)R10優(you)先系數來計算的，可(ke)分為小(xiao)型變壓(ya)器(qi)、中(zhong)型變壓(ya)器(qi)、大(da)型變壓(ya)器(qi)、特大(da)型變壓(ya)器(qi)這(zhe)四個等級(ji)。

變壓器知識課堂>>