一.產品介紹

江(jiang)安(an)大白李又稱江(jiang)安(an)李，品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)適(shi)應性廣，抗(kang)逆性強，結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)期早，豐(feng)產(chan)穩(wen)產(chan)，品(pin)(pin)質上乘，曾榮(rong)獲(huo)“四(si)川省優(you)質水果(guo)(guo)(guo)”殊榮(rong)，被全國農(nong)業高等(deng)院(yuan)校教材(cai)定為(wei)(wei)國家地方良(liang)種(zhong)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)實6月底成(cheng)熟，平均(jun)單果(guo)(guo)(guo)重25—35克，果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉清香脆嫩(nen)，汁多、味甜、離核，部分果(guo)(guo)(guo)實核腔內有(you)黃(huang)白色膠狀分泌物，果(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)稱之為(wei)(wei)李子(zi)結(jie)“冰糖(tang)”。先后(hou)注冊“趕場山”李子(zi)商標，通過無公(gong)害農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)認證(zheng)和綠色食品(pin)(pin)認證(zheng)檢測合格。現(xian)有(you)種(zhong)植面積(ji)5000余(yu)畝(mu)、產(chan)量(liang)1500余(yu)噸(dun)。

二.自然生態環境和人(ren)文歷史(shi)因素

江(jiang)安縣屬低山丘陵區(qu)(qu)(qu)，海拔在236－908米之間，縣內除長 江(jiang)外，有(you)大小河溪145條，水(shui)資源豐富。產(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)氣(qi)候(hou)屬中(zhong)亞熱帶四(si)川盆地(di)濕潤氣(qi)候(hou)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，四(si)季分明(ming)，常年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫為(wei)18.1℃，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)降水(shui)量為(wei)1132毫(hao)米，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)日照時數1199.3小時，全年(nian)無(wu)霜(shuang)期347天。土壤(rang)質地(di)以砂壤(rang)土為(wei)主，PH值在5.8-7.0之間，中(zhong)性偏酸(suan)，適(shi)宜江(jiang)安大白李生長。

三.地域范圍

江(jiang)安(an)大(da)白李產(chan)于四(si)川省江(jiang)安(an)縣，位于長(chang)江(jiang)上游，四(si)川南緣(yuan)，農產(chan)品地理標志地域保護(hu)(hu)范圍包括江(jiang)安(an)縣所轄的江(jiang)安(an)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、怡樂(le)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、留耕鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、夕佳(jia)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、底蓬鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)井鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、紅橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、五(wu)礦鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、陽春鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)（原濫壩鄉）、桐(tong)梓鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、水清鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、鐵清鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、迎安(an)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、四(si)面(mian)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，井口(kou)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)妙鄉、仁和鄉和蟠龍鄉等15鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)3鄉、297個(ge)行政村。地理坐(zuo)標為東經104°57′40″－105°14′33，北緯28°22′20″－28°56′45″之(zhi)間，東到(dao)瀘州市江(jiang)陽區、納溪(xi)區，南到(dao)興文縣，西到(dao)南溪(xi)縣、長(chang)寧縣，北到(dao)自(zi)貢(gong)市富(fu)順縣。保護(hu)(hu)面(mian)積10萬畝，年產(chan)量11萬噸(dun)。

四(si).產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)(te)性(xing)特(te)(te)征(zheng)

（1）外在感官(guan)品質：果(guo)(guo)(guo)實中大，圓形(xing)、整齊(qi)，縫合(he)線較(jiao)明顯，兩半較(jiao)對稱(cheng)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)頂平或凹。果(guo)(guo)(guo)面綠(lv)黃(huang)色，果(guo)(guo)(guo)粉厚(hou)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉(rou)綠(lv)黃(huang)色，肉(rou)質細膩，清香(xiang)脆(cui)嫩，纖維少，汁較(jiao)多，味甜。核小，離核，品質佳(jia)。

（2）內(nei)在品(pin)質指標：江安大(da)白李可食率≥92%，可溶性固形(xing)物≥11%。

（3）安全要求(qiu)：符合《無公害(hai)食品 落葉(xie)核果類果品》NY5112-2005標準要求(qiu)。

五.特定生產方式

中(zhong)耕(geng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)長季節(jie)降雨或灌(guan)(guan)水(shui)后(hou)，及時(shi)(shi)中(zhong)耕(geng)松(song)土，中(zhong)耕(geng)深度5cm-10cm。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)：在(zai)落葉前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)或李子萌芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)15天(tian)(tian)施(shi)(shi)積肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，秋(qiu)(qiu)施(shi)(shi)比春(chun)施(shi)(shi)好(hao)。追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)一(yi)年2-3次(ci)(ci)(ci)，第(di)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)開花前(qian)(qian)(qian)，第(di)二次(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)硬核期(qi)，第(di)三(san)次(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收后(hou)。施(shi)(shi)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)：秋(qiu)(qiu)季果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收后(hou)施(shi)(shi)入，以(yi)農(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)主，混(hun)合少量化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)量按1kg果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)2kg優質農(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)計(ji)算(suan)。施(shi)(shi)用方法以(yi)溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)主，施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)部(bu)位在(zai)樹冠(guan)投影(ying)范(fan)圍內。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)方法為(wei)(wei)挖(wa)放(fang)(fang)射狀(zhuang)溝(gou)、環狀(zhuang)溝(gou)或平行狀(zhuang)溝(gou)，溝(gou)深30-40cm。追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)：在(zai)幼(you)齡樹和(he)(he)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)發育(yu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)，每(mei)畝(mu)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)氮磷肥(fei)(fei)(fei)25kg;果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)發育(yu)后(hou)期(qi)追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)磷鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)20kg。距(ju)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收期(qi)20天(tian)(tian)內停止葉面(mian)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。水(shui)分(fen)管理灌(guan)(guan)水(shui)：早春(chun)萌芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)灌(guan)(guan)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)水(shui)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)膨大期(qi)灌(guan)(guan)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)水(shui)，秋(qiu)(qiu)末在(zai)上凍前(qian)(qian)(qian)灌(guan)(guan)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)封凍水(shui)，有(you)條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)最好(hao)安裝滴灌(guan)(guan)系(xi)統(tong)。排水(shui)：李樹喜(xi)濕但怕澇，應(ying)設(she)置排水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)，地(di)面(mian)積水(shui)不利李樹正常生(sheng)(sheng)長，在(zai)多雨季節(jie)通過溝(gou)渠(qu)及時(shi)(shi)排水(shui)。整形(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian) 樹高2.5m左右(you)，冠(guan)幅1.5m×2.0m，無主側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)中(zhong)心干上著生(sheng)(sheng)8-12個枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)，下部(bu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)較(jiao)長，上部(bu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)較(jiao)短(duan)。修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)幼(you)樹期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)：以(yi)整形(xing)為(wei)(wei)主，盡快擴大樹冠(guan)，培(pei)養牢固的(de)(de)(de)(de)骨架；對骨干枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、延長枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適度短(duan)截(jie)，對非骨干枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕剪(jian)(jian)(jian)長放(fang)(fang)，提早結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，逐漸(jian)培(pei)養各(ge)類結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)。盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)：前(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)保持樹勢(shi)平衡，中(zhong)期(qi)要抑前(qian)(qian)(qian)促后(hou)，回縮(suo)更(geng)新，培(pei)養新的(de)(de)(de)(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)，防(fang)(fang)止早衰和(he)(he)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)部(bu)位外移。結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要不斷更(geng)新，采(cai)(cai)(cai)取“強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少截(jie)，弱枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多截(jie)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法。衰老期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)：采(cai)(cai)(cai)用回縮(suo)更(geng)新復壯的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法，促生(sheng)(sheng)壯旺枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，重(zhong)短(duan)截(jie)生(sheng)(sheng)長枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，重(zhong)新培(pei)養骨干枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，延長結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)。病(bing)(bing)蟲害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治技(ji)術病(bing)(bing)害(hai)：剪(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)越冬病(bing)(bing)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，清掃果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)，除(chu)去(qu)病(bing)(bing)葉和(he)(he)枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。發病(bing)(bing)前(qian)(qian)(qian)噴(pen)5度石硫(liu)合劑(ji)，展葉后(hou)發病(bing)(bing)前(qian)(qian)(qian)噴(pen)0.5：1：100硫(liu)酸鋅石灰液1-2次(ci)(ci)(ci)。蟲害(hai)：藥(yao)物防(fang)(fang)治按GB4258農(nong)藥(yao)安全使用標準執行。結(jie)合秋(qiu)(qiu)耕(geng)，深翻(fan)樹盤，使成(cheng)蟲羽化(hua)不能爬出地(di)面(mian)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)收6月(yue)中(zhong)、下旬采(cai)(cai)(cai)收，在(zai)接近(jin)完熟期(qi)（九(jiu)成(cheng)熟）采(cai)(cai)(cai)收，當果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面(mian)綠色全部(bu)轉為(wei)(wei)淡黃色時(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)完全成(cheng)熟。采(cai)(cai)(cai)收時(shi)(shi)用人工手摘，輕拿輕放(fang)(fang)，裝入果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)箱內，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)箱容器不易過大或過高，每(mei)箱裝5-10kg為(wei)(wei)宜。