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產品介紹

都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)歷史悠久。據《都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)縣志(zhi)稿》（民國）中食貨志(zhi)記(ji)載，畜(chu)牧(mu)(mu)產(chan)量調查表(biao)“本縣家畜(chu)，大的(de)如(ru)牛、馬、豬、羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)；小的(de)如(ru)雞，惟山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)則兼養(yang)(yang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)”。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)已(yi)列入地(di)方(fang)的(de)畜(chu)產(chan)，當地(di)少數(shu)民族凡(fan)婚、喪、嫁、娶等(deng)都(dou)(dou)(dou)有殺羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)祭祀的(de)風(feng)俗，飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)歷來(lai)就是當地(di)群眾(zhong)生活必須用(yong)品和主要的(de)經濟收入來(lai)源。都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)就是在這(zhe)樣的(de)自(zi)然(ran)生態條件下和當地(di)群眾(zhong)長(chang)期選(xuan)育而(er)(er)成(cheng)(cheng)。都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)板皮板質均勻，薄而(er)(er)輕韌，彈性好，纖維細致，是高級制(zhi)革原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料和出口的(de)暢銷(xiao)物資(zi)；肉(rou)質嫩滑爽，肉(rou)泡清甜(tian)，營養(yang)(yang)豐(feng)富(fu)，全羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)可加(jia)工(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)清燉羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)、羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)包肝(gan)、燜羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)蹄、鮮脆白切肚等(deng)60多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)菜肴，成(cheng)(cheng)為區內外賓館酒(jiu)店的(de)主菜，其(qi)中“美(mei)容長(chang)壽湯(tang)”苦而(er)(er)甘(gan)甜(tian)，長(chang)期飲用(yong)能延年(nian)益壽，“山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)珍羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)扣”肥而(er)(er)不(bu)膩，“羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)火鍋(guo)”令人回味無窮。利用(yong)優質山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)為原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料，采用(yong)傳統的(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始方(fang)式熏(xun)臘燒烤制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)臘羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)，風(feng)味特奇，是送禮待客的(de)綠(lv)色佳(jia)品。 1979年(nian)，廣西(xi)區畜(chu)牧(mu)(mu)局組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)開(kai)展(zhan)對都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進行(xing)調查、測定，1983年(nian)將都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)列入廣西(xi)地(di)方(fang)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，載入《廣西(xi)家畜(chu)家禽品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)志(zhi)》。都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)縣曾列為全國養(yang)(yang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)基地(di)縣，2003年(nian)9月被中國品牌(pai)宣(xuan)傳保護活動組(zu)(zu)委會授予“中國都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)之鄉”。上(shang)級業務部(bu)門每年(nian)均劃撥專項經費實(shi)施都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)地(di)方(fang)優良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)保種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育工(gong)作；2005年(nian)由質量技(ji)術監(jian)督部(bu)門組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)，編(bian)制(zhi)都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)綜合標準(zhun)——“DB451228/T01-2005都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)及種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)評定”，“DB451228/T02-2005都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)繁育技(ji)術規程(cheng)”，“DB451228/T03-2005都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)管(guan)理(li)技(ji)術規程(cheng)”，“DB451228/T04-2005都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)防疫技(ji)術規程(cheng)”，“DB451228/T05-2005都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)標識、運輸”等(deng)五個(ge)標準(zhun)，并發布實(shi)施。2009年(nian)，國家農業部(bu)下達資(zi)金(jin)150萬元興建(jian)(jian)(jian)都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)保種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)，經過精心組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)實(shi)施，項目(mu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設已(yi)于2010年(nian)4月建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)并交付(fu)使用(yong)，該保種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)目(mu)前存欄山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)850只，有效(xiao)帶動都(dou)(dou)(dou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產(chan)業發展(zhan)，2015年(nian)全縣山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)量達63.62萬只。

品質特性特征

（1）外貌特征被(bei)毛(mao)(mao)：毛(mao)(mao)色(se)多為黑色(se)、麻色(se)、黃色(se)，也有(you)(you)(you)(you)黑白花和(he)(he)白色(se)。腹下、四肢(zhi) 上部(bu)被(bei)毛(mao)(mao)和(he)(he)公(gong)羊的鬃、鬣毛(mao)(mao)較粗長(chang)。體(ti)(ti)形(xing)：體(ti)(ti)型較小，結(jie)構緊湊，體(ti)(ti)軀呈長(chang)方形(xing)，體(ti)(ti)質健(jian)壯結(jie)實(shi)，皮(pi)薄有(you)(you)(you)(you)彈性，結(jie)構勻稱；頭(tou)大小適中，眼(yan)大有(you)(you)(you)(you)神；有(you)(you)(you)(you)角，角向后(hou)上方彎曲呈倒(dao)“八字”形(xing)，其色(se)澤(ze)為暗黑色(se)和(he)(he)玉色(se)；耳(er)豎(shu)立稍向前傾；鼻梁平直；腰背(bei)平直；肋(lei)骨(gu)開張(zhang)，胸(xiong)深與肢(zhi)長(chang)相當；公(gong)母羊前胸(xiong)及沿(yan)背(bei)線均有(you)(you)(you)(you)長(chang)毛(mao)(mao)，母羊較短(duan)，尾短(duan)小上翹，公(gong)羊雄壯，母羊清秀。

（2）內在品質(zhi)(zhi)指標：都安(an)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)質(zhi)(zhi)細(xi)嫩而(er)有彈性，顏色鮮(xian)艷，結締組(zu)織少(shao)，脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪堅實、色白(bai)，背(bei)部脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪分布(bu)均勻(yun)。其味鮮(xian)美，膻味小。都安(an)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)含(han)(han)蛋白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)19.85%-21.95%，脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪1.65%-1.83%，水份(fen)71.25%-78.75%，灰(hui)分1.16%-1.28%，氨基酸總量(liang)(liang)16.02%-17.70%，膳食纖維0.038%-0.042%，羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)是低(di)能量(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)蛋白(bai)肉(rou)食品，各種微量(liang)(liang)元素含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)，膽固醇低(di)。

產地(di)分(fen)布(bu)

都(dou)(dou)安山(shan)羊(yang)中心(xin)產區(qu)分布在都(dou)(dou)安瑤(yao)族(zu)自治縣(xian)(xian)(xian)的地(di)蘇、保安、澄(cheng)江、龍灣、菁盛、拉烈、三只羊(yang)等(deng)鄉（鎮(zhen)）。其周圍的馬山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、大化縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、平果(guo)市、東蘭(lan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、巴(ba)馬縣(xian)(xian)(xian)忻(xin)城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)石山(shan)地(di)區(qu)也有大量(liang)分布，隆安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、興賓(bin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、龍勝縣(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)以及其他(ta)平原丘陵地(di)區(qu)均有飼(si)養。據2005 年底統(tong)計，總數達85 萬余只。

產地環境

都安瑤族(zu)自治縣位于廣西中西部(bu)，地(di)(di)處云貴(gui)高原南緣，以石山丘陵為主。東經107°29′～108°41′，北緯23°42′～24°35′之間(jian)。海拔170～1000m，境內石山疊嶂(zhang)，洼(wa)地(di)(di)密(mi)布(bu)屬典型的喀斯特地(di)(di)貌(mao)。

主(zhu)產區年平均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)18.2℃～21.7℃之間，相對濕(shi)度74%，無霜期347 d，年平均日照時數為1 297 h。降雨量(liang)1 737.9mm，雨量(liang)充沛，氣(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)和濕(shi)潤，日照充足，無霜期長，屬于(yu)南亞熱帶季風氣(qi)(qi)候區北緣，四季常青，宜(yi)農宜(yi)牧。

都安縣境內主要有紅水河、刁江(jiang)、澄江(jiang)、拉仁河、板嶺河、地蘇(su)河、同(tong)更河等8 條河流。耕(geng)作土(tu)類：分為旱(han)作土(tu)和(he)水稻土(tu)。以石灰土(tu)為主要土(tu)類，遍布全(quan)縣溶(rong)巖(yan)石山。自然土(tu)類有：紅壤、黃(huang)壤、石灰巖(yan)土(tu)、紅色(se)(se)石灰土(tu)、紫色(se)(se)土(tu)、沖積土(tu)等。

全縣草(cao)(cao)場面積13.7 萬公(gong)頃，草(cao)(cao)場植被主要(yao)以(yi)石山(shan)(shan)高(gao)中禾草(cao)(cao)草(cao)(cao)叢和(he)(he)灌(guan)叢草(cao)(cao)叢為主。山(shan)(shan)上植物(wu)種類繁多(duo)，以(yi)藤類和(he)(he)灌(guan)木(mu)居(ju)優勢。藤類以(yi)金銀(yin)花、野山(shan)(shan)葡(pu)萄、千里(li)光等為常見。禾本科以(yi)野古草(cao)(cao)、白毛(mao)、五節(jie)芒、馬唐、狗牙根等組成(cheng)群(qun)落(luo)，山(shan)(shan)羊喜歡采食的喬(qiao)灌(guan)木(mu)達200 多(duo)種。農作物(wu)主要(yao)有玉米(mi)、水(shui)稻、旱芋、紅薯、豆類和(he)(he)蕎麥等。

品種歷史

都安(an)山羊(yang)品種形成歷(li)史悠(you)久。據《都安(an)縣(xian)志稿》（民(min)國）中食(shi)貨志記(ji)載，畜(chu)(chu)牧(mu)產量調查表“本縣(xian)家畜(chu)(chu)，大的(de)如牛、馬、豬(zhu)、羊(yang)；小的(de)如雞……惟(wei)山地(di)則兼養羊(yang)……”。山羊(yang)已列入地(di)方的(de)畜(chu)(chu)產，當地(di)少數民(min)族凡(fan)婚、喪、嫁、娶(qu)等(deng)都有殺羊(yang)祭(ji)祀的(de)風(feng)俗(su)，飼養山羊(yang)歷(li)來就(jiu)是(shi)當地(di)群眾生活(huo)必須(xu)用(yong)品和(he)主要的(de)經濟收入來源。都安(an)山羊(yang)就(jiu)是(shi)在這樣的(de)自然生態條件下和(he)當地(di)群眾長期選育而成。