多層實木復合地板鋪裝后為什么會產生較大縫隙？

多層實(shi)木(mu)復合地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在眾(zhong)多的(de)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)中(zhong)變形(xing)量(liang)是(shi)(shi)最(zui)小的(de),變形(xing)量(liang)僅為(wei)實(shi)木(mu)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)弦(xian)切材最(zui)大變形(xing)量(liang)的(de)1/20左右(you)，鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)后不應(ying)該產生(sheng)較大的(de)縫(feng)隙。一般情況單條125mm寬(kuan)度(du)的(de)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在北(bei)方地(di)(di)區最(zui)大膨(peng)(peng)脹與收縮(suo)量(liang)不會(hui)超(chao)過(guo)0.2mm。正確鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)后，北(bei)方地(di)(di)區夏(xia)季地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)實(shi)際含(han)水率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)12%～13%，冬季干熱環境（空氣相對(dui)濕度(du)30%左右(you)），地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)含(han)水率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)6%～7%。地(di)(di)熱環境，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)最(zui)終平衡含(han)水率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)4%～5%。也就是(shi)(shi)說地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang)后的(de)含(han)水率(lv)(lv)(lv)夏(xia)季（雨季）要達到12%～13%，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)處于(yu)最(zui)大實(shi)體狀(zhuang)態(tai)。如(ru)(ru)果地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)(shi)打膠懸浮鋪裝(zhuang)(zhuang),房(fang)間(jian)的(de)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)形(xing)成整(zheng)體，當(dang)含(han)水率(lv)(lv)(lv)變化時，房(fang)間(jian)的(de)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)整(zheng)體膨(peng)(peng)脹與收縮(suo)。此(ci)時，如(ru)(ru)果房(fang)間(jian)兩(liang)側對(dui)稱(cheng)擺放較重的(de)家具。

當冬季來(lai)臨，房間比(bi)較(jiao)干(gan)燥，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)必(bi)然產(chan)生收縮(suo)，由于兩側重物壓住(zhu)，勢必(bi)造成房間中(zhong)部地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)個(ge)別地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方拉開，將累計干(gan)縮(suo)量集(ji)中(zhong)到1條或(huo)幾條縫隙中(zhong)，產(chan)生較(jiao)大地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)縫隙。如果地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)邊部不打(da)膠,3～4m寬(kuan)的(de)(de)標準房間，在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)熱環境條件下房間地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)整個(ge)干(gan)縮(suo)量不足(zu)5㎜，每(mei)條地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)最大干(gan)縮(suo)量在(zai)0.2㎜以內，用肉眼很難看到的(de)(de)。不打(da)膠便于維修，縫隙可(ke)以均勻分布。為防止(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)竄動，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)與墻(qiang)邊之間可(ke)以用彈簧(huang)頂住(zhu)。無論家具如何擺放都可(ke)以。另(ling)外，多層實木(mu)復(fu)合地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)雖然變(bian)形(xing)(xing)小，由于構造決定了多層實木(mu)復(fu)合地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)長度與寬(kuan)度方向都變(bian)形(xing)(xing)，一般來(lai)說，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)長度是(shi)寬(kuan)度的(de)(de)8倍以上(shang)，同等(deng)條件下，長度方向的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)也(ye)是(shi)寬(kuan)度變(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)倍數關系，因此(ci)，多層實木(mu)復(fu)合地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)端頭縫隙大于側邊縫隙也(ye)屬正常。

筆者根據多年地板鑒定和受理投訴的經驗認為：

在(zai)地(di)熱(re)或電熱(re)取暖(nuan)的(de)情況下，由于(yu)夏季與冬季地(di)板含水率變化范圍(wei)較大(da)，如(ru)果多層(ceng)實木復合地(di)板是(shi)打膠懸浮鋪裝，室內家(jia)具及重(zhong)物對稱擺放，地(di)板不能整體(ti)自由運動，一定會(hui)產生(sheng)幾(ji)條較大(da)縫隙（干縮量(liang)集中(zhong)到幾(ji)條縫隙）。

如(ru)果多(duo)層實木復合地板是打膠(jiao)懸(xuan)浮鋪(pu)裝(zhuang),防止產生較大(da)縫隙(xi)的方(fang)法：

1、房(fang)間內的重物最好放置在(zai)房(fang)間的一側。

2、冬季用加(jia)濕(shi)器(qi)加(jia)濕(shi),最好(hao)將室內空(kong)氣濕(shi)度(du)調整到50%～60%,減少室內平衡(heng)含(han)水率的變(bian)化范圍。

可以(yi)選(xuan)擇(ze)地(di)(di)板側(ce)邊不(bu)打(da)(da)膠(jiao)的懸浮鋪裝，側(ce)邊用(yong)彈簧頂住，保(bao)證地(di)(di)板不(bu)向邊部(bu)竄(cuan)動,使縫隙均勻(yun)分布。并且在地(di)(di)板端(duan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)接縫打(da)(da)膠(jiao),盡量減少和(he)避免沿單條地(di)(di)板長度(du)(單趟地(di)(di)板)方(fang)向重(zhong)物對稱擺放,保(bao)證地(di)(di)板長度(du)方(fang)向自由運(yun)動,減少端(duan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)產(chan)(chan)生縫隙的機會。一(yi)旦端(duan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)產(chan)(chan)生縫隙,由于側(ce)邊沒有打(da)(da)膠(jiao),摩擦阻力小(xiao),可以(yi)用(yong)拉(la)緊器放在單趟地(di)(di)板兩端(duan),將地(di)(di)板的端(duan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)的結(jie)合處拉(la)緊,消除端(duan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)產(chan)(chan)生縫隙,維修方(fang)便。