芒果视频

一.產品介紹

產于(yu)鄧李(li)鄉馬灣(wan)村。其主要特色是：入(ru)口甘爽，色澤鮮亮，白里透紅，含糖量(liang)高，營(ying)養豐富，離核，種植(zhi)面(mian)積大，歷史悠久，曾遠銷前蘇聯、香港等地，遠近聞名。屬產地特色類(lei)。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

2.1土壤地貌情(qing)況 “馬灣白(bai)桃”產地為(wei)沙河(he)沖積平原，地形北(bei)(bei)部高，中(zhong)部和(he)東南緩低，沃野坦蕩(dang)。境內(nei)土壤為(wei)黃(huang)潮(chao)土、結(jie)構疏(shu)松(song)，透氣(qi)性好，水(shui)質(zhi)甘甜，有機質(zhi)含量1.224%，全氮(dan)0.068%，速(su)(su)效(xiao)磷(lin)8ppm，速(su)(su)效(xiao)氮(dan)67 ppm,速(su)(su)效(xiao)鉀81 ppm，pH 6.77～7.35。 2.2水(shui)文情(qing)況 境內(nei)有本縣(xian)最大的河(he)流沙河(he)穿境而過，沙河(he)以(yi)南與大麥河(he)在(zai)鄧(deng)李(li)(li)鄉(xiang)境內(nei)匯入(ru)沙河(he)、源于鄧(deng)李(li)(li)鄉(xiang)鄧(deng)李(li)(li)村北(bei)(bei)的北(bei)(bei)大溝在(zai)沙河(he)出縣(xian)境口處注入(ru)沙河(he)。三(san)條河(he)流年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)最大徑流量23.85億m3。地下(xia)水(shui)由自(zi)然降(jiang)水(shui)，自(zi)流灌(guan)溉回歸水(shui)，河(he)流側滲等組成，可利(li)用水(shui)資源總量接近950萬m2。 2.3氣(qi)候情(qing)況 葉(xie)縣(xian)屬暖(nuan)溫(wen)帶(dai)大陸季風氣(qi)候，四季分(fen)明、春季溫(wen)暖(nuan)，風多雨(yu)少(shao)，氣(qi)溫(wen)回升快；夏季炎(yan)熱，雨(yu)水(shui)集中(zhong)；秋季涼爽，秋雨(yu)綿綿，氣(qi)溫(wen)日(ri)差較大。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)14.8度，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)量804.8毫米。境內(nei)多年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照時數(shu)(shu)1991.1小時，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照率(lv)是45%，年(nian)(nian)(nian)最多日(ri)照數(shu)(shu)為(wei)2193.5小時，最少(shao)日(ri)照時數(shu)(shu)為(wei)1702.7小時。區域(yu)光照充足，年(nian)(nian)(nian)無霜期216天。

三.地域范圍

“馬灣白桃”分布在葉縣(xian)鄧(deng)李鄉和洪莊楊鄉境(jing)內(nei)境(jing)內(nei)沙(sha)河(he)兩岸(an)的(de)馬灣、灣李、、妝(zhuang)頭等16個行(xing)政(zheng)村(cun)。位于東經(jing)113°28′56″～113°34′18″ ，北緯 33°43′32″～33°41′32″，東西長25公里，南(nan)北寬12公里。 適宜(yi)種植面積3.2萬(wan)畝，年產(chan)量6.4萬(wan)噸左右。

四.產品品質特性特征

4.1 外在(zai)感官特(te)征 馬灣白(bai)桃的主要特(te)色是：個(ge)大鮮(xian)亮，白(bai)里透紅，核(he)肉分離，汁多(duo)爽口，肉軟味甜。 4.2 內在(zai)品質指標 經(jing)農業部農產品質量(liang)監督檢驗測試中(zhong)心(xin)（鄭州）檢驗，“馬灣白(bai)桃”可溶性固形物含(han)量(liang)為12%～14 %，鐵含(han)量(liang)6.4～7.6/100g，鉀含(han)量(liang)131～178/100g。

五.特定生產方式

3.1 園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze) 園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)應(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)“馬(ma)灣(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)范圍內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沙(sha)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)， pH值7.0左右，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)鹽(yan)分(fen)(fen)含量(liang)(liang)不(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)1％，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)質含量(liang)(liang)≥10g/kg，排(pai)灌便(bian)利(li)(li)，交通(tong)(tong)方便(bian)，沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)核果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)類果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)塊。產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)境符合(he)(he)(he)NY/T 391的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。 3.2品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze) 以(yi)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“馬(ma)灣(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大白(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，適當(dang)引進(jin)(jin)沙(sha)子早生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)(deng)新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3大坑(keng)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，重施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) “馬(ma)灣(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)按(an)(an)寬、深(shen)(shen)各0.8m—1m開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)挖(wa)(wa)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坑(keng)（溝(gou)(gou)），并(bing)將(jiang)(jiang)挖(wa)(wa)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熟(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)（表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）與(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)（底土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）分(fen)(fen)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)堆放(fang)。回填時(shi)(shi)將(jiang)(jiang)熟(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)與(yu)(yu)腐熟(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（每穴25kg左右或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)每畝(mu)2000kg—3000kg）充分(fen)(fen)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)填入(ru)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坑(keng)（溝(gou)(gou)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)(xia)層，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)填上(shang)層。 3.4 適期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，合(he)(he)(he)理(li)密植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) “馬(ma)灣(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)”定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)秋(qiu)季(ji)落(luo)葉(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)年(nian)春季(ji)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，對(dui)苗木(mu)根(gen)(gen)系(xi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)1%硫酸(suan)(suan)銅溶液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)浸5min后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)再放(fang)到(dao)2%石(shi)(shi)灰液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)浸2min進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)消毒(du)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)三封兩(liang)踩(cai)一(yi)(yi)提(ti)苗一(yi)(yi)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)苗木(mu)根(gen)(gen)系(xi)舒展(zhan)，苗木(mu)扶正(zheng)、嫁接(jie)口(kou)朝向(xiang)西北(bei)迎風方向(xiang)，根(gen)(gen)系(xi)周(zhou)(zhou)圍填熟(shu)(shu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深(shen)(shen)度以(yi)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)沉實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)苗木(mu)根(gen)(gen)莖與(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)表相(xiang)平(ping)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度根(gen)(gen)據品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)樹(shu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)而定(ding)(ding)，一(yi)(yi)般開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)心(xin)形(xing)(xing)(xing)整枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度為 4×3米(mi) ，每畝(mu)55株(zhu)(zhu)，Y字形(xing)(xing)(xing)整枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度為3×2米(mi) ，每畝(mu) 110株(zhu)(zhu)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)型(xing)(xing)整枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度為2×1米(mi)，每畝(mu)330株(zhu)(zhu)。 3.5深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)改土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，提(ti)升地(di)(di)力 每年(nian)秋(qiu)季(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)秋(qiu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)改土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。擴(kuo)穴深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)為在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴（溝(gou)(gou)）外(wai)挖(wa)(wa)環(huan)狀(zhuang)溝(gou)(gou)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)平(ping)行(xing)(xing)(xing)溝(gou)(gou)，溝(gou)(gou)寬30-50cm，深(shen)(shen)30cm～45cm全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)園(yuan)(yuan)深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)將(jiang)(jiang)栽植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)部(bu)深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)，深(shen)(shen)度30cm～40cm，耕(geng)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)耙平(ping)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)回填時(shi)(shi)混(hun)入(ru)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)充分(fen)(fen)灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)。 3.6果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)，改善(shan)環(huan)境 提(ti)倡桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)園(yuan)(yuan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，改善(shan)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境。選(xuan)(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)類應(ying)(ying)(ying)是與(yu)(yu)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)無共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)豆科綠(lv)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作物(wu)等(deng)(deng)，并(bing)適時(shi)(shi)刈割翻(fan)(fan)(fan)埋(mai)于(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)覆蓋(gai)樹(shu)盤。 3.7肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管理(li) 3.7.1施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 3.7.1.1 施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原則(ze)(ze) 肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)以(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為輔，保(bao)持(chi)(chi)和(he)(he)(he)增加土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。提(ti)倡根(gen)(gen)據土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)和(he)(he)(he)葉(xie)片的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)營(ying)養(yang)分(fen)(fen)析進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)配方施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)(he)(he)平(ping)衡(heng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)(he)(he)《NYT394綠(lv)色(se)(se)食品(pin)_肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準則(ze)(ze)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu) 。 3.7.1.2 施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方法(fa)和(he)(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang) 基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于(yu)九(jiu)月份桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)外(wai)圍新(xin)梢開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)緩慢(man)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)停(ting)止生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)時(shi)(shi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)秋(qiu)季(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入(ru)。以(yi)農(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)每667m2施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)優質有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)3000kg～4000kg。幼齡樹(shu)和(he)(he)(he)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)育(yu)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)氮磷肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)育(yu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)磷鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)2次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)～3次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)多(duo)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)少追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。分(fen)(fen)別于(yu)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)每667m2追施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硫酸(suan)(suan)鉀(jia)復合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（15—15—15）50kg；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膨大期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每667m 2追施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磷酸(suan)(suan)二(er)氫(qing)鉀(jia)40kg，最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)須在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)20d前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。每年(nian)根(gen)(gen)外(wai)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)合(he)(he)(he)微肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、磷酸(suan)(suan)二(er)氫(qing)鉀(jia)5～6次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。距果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)20d內(nei)停(ting)止葉(xie)面追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。 3.7.2水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)管理(li) 桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)膨大期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)落(luo)葉(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)封凍前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)三次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。其他生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)節(jie)(jie)如土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)旱或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)每次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)不(bu)足(zu)時(shi)(shi)適量(liang)(liang)灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)。開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)轉色(se)(se)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成熟(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)控制(zhi)灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)灌溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)無污(wu)染(ran)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)(he)(he)NY/T 391中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)4.2規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。 3.8整形(xing)(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian) 3.8.1主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)樹(shu)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 3.8.1.1自(zi)然(ran)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)心(xin)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 干(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)50cm-60cm，選(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)3個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)上(shang)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)錯落(luo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)致(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方向(xiang)不(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)正(zheng)南(nan)；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)度在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)40o～70o；每個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配置(zhi)2個(ge)(ge)～3個(ge)(ge)側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。呈(cheng)順向(xiang)排(pai)列(lie)，側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)張(zhang)角(jiao)度70o左右。 3.8.1.2 Y字形(xing)(xing)(xing) 干(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)40cm～50cm，選(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)2個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)度60o～90o，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)直接(jie)培(pei)養(yang)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。 3.8.1.3 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)型(xing)(xing) 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)170-200cm，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)基(ji)(ji)部(bu)60cm以(yi)上(shang)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)25-30個(ge)(ge)，不(bu)留(liu)側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。 3.9花(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)管理(li) 3.9.1保(bao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)保(bao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 盛花(hua)(hua)(hua)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)0.3%磷酸(suan)(suan)二(er)氫(qing)鉀(jia)＋0.3%硼（酸(suan)(suan)）砂＋0.3%白(bai)(bai)糖(tang)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)愛多(duo)收(shou)、坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)靈等(deng)(deng)促進(jin)(jin)坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；也可(ke)每667㎡放(fang)一(yi)(yi)箱蜜蜂或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)50頭(tou)－100頭(tou)角(jiao)額壁蜂進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)授(shou)(shou)(shou)粉(fen)；從(cong)(cong)初花(hua)(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)于(yu)上(shang)午9－10時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電動采(cai)(cai)(cai)粉(fen)授(shou)(shou)(shou)粉(fen)器或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)人(ren)工點授(shou)(shou)(shou)等(deng)(deng)方法(fa)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)工授(shou)(shou)(shou)粉(fen)。 3.9.2 疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 3.9.2.1 原則(ze)(ze) 根(gen)(gen)據品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、自(zi)然(ran)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)、經營(ying)定(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)等(deng)(deng)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)整形(xing)(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)、疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)等(deng)(deng)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)調(diao)節(jie)(jie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)，一(yi)(yi)般每667㎡產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)2000kg－2500kg。 3.9.2.2 時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)方法(fa) 于(yu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)芽(ya)(ya)膨大至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾(lei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)綻(zhan)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，疏(shu)除(chu)過(guo)多(duo)、瘦小(xiao)、畸(ji)(ji)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)梢端弱(ruo)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)芽(ya)(ya)與(yu)(yu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾(lei)。疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)分(fen)(fen)2次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)：第(di)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)落(luo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)2周(zhou)(zhou)，疏(shu)去(qu)小(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、畸(ji)(ji)形(xing)(xing)(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、并(bing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)過(guo)多(duo)過(guo)密果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；第(di)二(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)落(luo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)3周(zhou)(zhou)－4周(zhou)(zhou)第(di)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)理(li)落(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)定(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，首先(xian)疏(shu)去(qu)朝天果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，無葉(xie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。選(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兩(liang)側，向(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)健(jian)壯好果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。一(yi)(yi)般長(chang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)3個(ge)(ge)－4個(ge)(ge)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)（果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)距15cm－20cm），中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2個(ge)(ge)－3個(ge)(ge)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，短果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)花(hua)(hua)(hua)束狀(zhuang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)不(bu)留(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。 3.9.3果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)定(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)。套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)噴(pen)(pen)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)殺(sha)菌(jun)劑(ji)(ji)，待果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面藥(yao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)涼干(gan)(gan)(gan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)應(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強，抗風吹雨淋、透氣好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)規(gui)廠家生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)紙袋(dai)(dai)(dai)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)塑(su)膜袋(dai)(dai)(dai)。 3.9.4提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品(pin)質量(liang)(liang) 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)轉色(se)(se)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)增噴(pen)(pen)磷、鉀(jia)、鈣等(deng)(deng)營(ying)養(yang)元素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎上(shang)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)樹(shu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)鋪(pu)反(fan)光(guang)(guang)塑(su)膜，及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)摘除(chu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)圍貼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與(yu)(yu)遮光(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)、梢，增加樹(shu)冠內(nei)膛(tang)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)下(xia)(xia)(xia)部(bu)光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)，促進(jin)(jin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)著(zhu)色(se)(se)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品(pin)質量(liang)(liang)。 3.10病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 3.10.1植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)檢(jian)疫 禁止檢(jian)疫性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)從(cong)(cong)疫區傳入(ru)我(wo)地(di)(di)。不(bu)得從(cong)(cong)疫區調(diao)運(yun)苗木(mu)、接(jie)穗、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子，所有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)外(wai)調(diao)苗木(mu)，必(bi)須嚴格(ge)檢(jian)疫，一(yi)(yi)經發(fa)(fa)現檢(jian)疫性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)立即銷(xiao)(xiao)毀。 3.10.2農(nong)(nong)業防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 以(yi)對(dui)當(dang)地(di)(di)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)抗性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)良(liang)砧建(jian)園(yuan)(yuan)；強化土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管理(li)，合(he)(he)(he)理(li)整形(xing)(xing)(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)，保(bao)持(chi)(chi)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)風透光(guang)(guang)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)，合(he)(he)(he)理(li)負載，保(bao)持(chi)(chi)健(jian)壯樹(shu)勢，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)樹(shu)體(ti)抗性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；冬(dong)(dong)(dong)春刮除(chu)老翹皮、腐爛病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)斑(ban)，徹底清園(yuan)(yuan)、減(jian)少病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)源(yuan)(yuan)；土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)接(jie)近封凍時(shi)(shi)深(shen)(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)，凍死在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)越冬(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)；早春實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)膜覆蓋(gai)，阻(zu)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)內(nei)越冬(dong)(dong)(dong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)出土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為害(hai)(hai)(hai)；晚(wan)秋(qiu)樹(shu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)綁草(cao)環(huan)，誘(you)(you)集病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)藏身越冬(dong)(dong)(dong)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)燒(shao)毀，減(jian)少病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)越冬(dong)(dong)(dong)基(ji)(ji)數(shu)(shu)；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寄(ji)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)誘(you)(you)集害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)卵，集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)燒(shao)毀殺(sha)滅(mie)。 3.10.3物(wu)理(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 根(gen)(gen)據害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)學特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)4、5月份采(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)糖(tang)醋液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，5月份以(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)采(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)黑光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，還可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)頻振(zhen)式殺(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)燈(deng)(deng)、樹(shu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)纏(chan)草(cao)把、粘著(zhu)劑(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)網等(deng)(deng)方法(fa)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.10.4生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 通(tong)(tong)過(guo)保(bao)護(hu)瓢蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、小(xiao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)蝽、草(cao)蛉、食蚜蠅、捕食螨(man)等(deng)(deng)天敵，控制(zhi)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、葉(xie)螨(man)、潛葉(xie)蛾等(deng)(deng)自(zi)然(ran)天敵人(ren)工引移(yi)、繁(fan)殖釋放(fang)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)天敵；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)養(yang)雞或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)招引益(yi)鳥啄食害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)益(yi)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)其代謝物(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，如利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)外(wai)激素(su)誘(you)(you)殺(sha)害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.10.5化學防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 提(ti)倡使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)源(yuan)(yuan)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)、礦物(wu)源(yuan)(yuan)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)（如石(shi)(shi)硫合(he)(he)(he)劑(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)硫懸浮劑(ji)(ji)），禁止使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)劇毒(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)毒(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)殘留(liu)和(he)(he)(he)致(zhi)畸(ji)(ji)、致(zhi)癌(ai)、致(zhi)突變農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)化學農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)時(shi)(shi)嚴格(ge)按(an)(an)照(zhao)NY/T 393－2000的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)控制(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藥(yao)量(liang)(liang)與(yu)(yu)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，并(bing)遵照(zhao)國家有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)關(guan)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。 3.10.6主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)　 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)：有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)細菌(jun)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)穿孔(kong)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)瘡痂病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)縮葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)；桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)蚜、葉(xie)螨(man)、蚧類害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)等(deng)(deng)。 3.10.6.1桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)細菌(jun)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)穿孔(kong)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)3°Be～5°Be石(shi)(shi)硫合(he)(he)(he)劑(ji)(ji)，消滅(mie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)樹(shu)體(ti)上(shang)越冬(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)菌(jun)；或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)100萬單(dan)位新(xin)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霉(mei)素(su)可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d。 3.10.6.2桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)瘡痂病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)50%多(duo)菌(jun)靈可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。 3.10.6.3桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)縮葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)1.5%多(duo)抗霉(mei)素(su)可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)300倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)70%甲基(ji)(ji)托布(bu)津可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)100倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)30d。 3.10.6.4桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)蚜：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)0.36%苦參堿水(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)1000倍(bei)(bei)～2000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。10％吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)25d。 3.10.6.5葉(xie)螨(man)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)0.9%或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)螨(man)克水(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)(ji)5000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)1.8%阿(a)維菌(jun)素(su)5000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)14d。 3.10.6.6蚧類害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)：從(cong)(cong)萌(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，謝花(hua)(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)10d～15d，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)白(bai)(bai)蚧、朝鮮球堅蚧，用(yong)(yong)(yong)10%吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)可(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d；或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)0.2°Be～0.3°Be石(shi)(shi)硫合(he)(he)(he)劑(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 3.11果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)和(he)(he)(he)采(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)處理(li) 　　根(gen)(gen)據果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)成熟(shu)(shu)度、用(yong)(yong)(yong)途和(he)(he)(he)市場需求(qiu)綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)確定(ding)(ding)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)適期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)時(shi)(shi)，輕拿(na)輕放(fang)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)立即按(an)(an)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)挑選(xuan)(xuan)、包裝，包裝物(wu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)清潔、牢固、無污(wu)染(ran)、無異(yi)味(wei)，包裝物(wu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合(he)(he)(he)國家有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)關(guan)標(biao)準和(he)(he)(he)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)，編上(shang)標(biao)記，及(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)組織調(diao)運(yun)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)銷(xiao)(xiao)售市場或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)貯(zhu)存地(di)(di)。 3.12 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)檔案記錄　 要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)立田間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)技術檔案，對(dui)整個(ge)(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面記載，并(bing)妥善(shan)保(bao)存，以(yi)備查閱。

六.包裝標識相關規定

包裝主要(yao)采用彩色紙盒和(he)箱式(shi)包裝為主，包裝材(cai)必須符合國家強行性技術(shu)規范要(yao)求。產(chan)品有明確標簽，內(nei)容(rong)包括(kuo)：產(chan)品名稱，商標， 產(chan)品執行標準(zhun)，生(sheng)產(chan)者及銷售者詳細地址，聯系方式(shi)，凈含量及生(sheng)產(chan)日(ri)期。