歷史沿革
大(da)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始建于1917年,據了(le)解是原吉(ji)(ji)林(lin)省(sheng)(當時黑龍江省(sheng)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)屬(shu)于吉(ji)(ji)林(lin)省(sheng))警察廳廳長張冀為其姨太大(da)蓋(gai)的一所私宅。占(zhan)地面(mian)(mian)積(ji)5760平方(fang)米(mi),外圍有(you)(you)(you)兩米(mi)高青(qing)(qing)磚墻(qiang),院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)建筑面(mian)(mian)積(ji)650平方(fang)米(mi),共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)青(qing)(qing)磚灰瓦木(mu)(mu)結構的硬山式房(fang)屋35間(jian)(jian)(jian),分為東(dong)(dong)、西(xi)(xi)兩院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan), 中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)一月(yue)(yue)亮門相通,東(dong)(dong)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是典型型的三合(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),一正(zheng)兩廂(xiang)各(ge)五間(jian)(jian)(jian),共(gong)u間(jian)(jian)(jian),前(qian)有(you)(you)(you)內(nei)墻(qiang)與(yu)外墻(qiang)相隔, 內(nei)墻(qiang)正(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)為一木(mu)(mu)結構青(qing)(qing)瓦預瀠脊(ji)垂花門樓。三合(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)集中(zhong)(zhong)體現了(le)整個(ge)舊(jiu)址的中(zhong)(zhong)園古典宮庭式建筑特色,房(fang)頂均(jun)覆青(qing)(qing)瓦,正(zheng)脊(ji)上(shang)立有(you)(you)(you)鴟吻(wen),廊惦(dian)前(qian)突,紅(hong)色木(mu)(mu)質外廊明柱(zhu)托(tuo)舉起一帶額枋,上(shang)面(mian)(mian)雕(diao)染畫棟(dong),墻(qiang)面(mian)(mian)飾有(you)(you)(you)寓意吉(ji)(ji)祥(xiang)的小型浮雕(diao),精美別致,給人義富煎(jian)莊嚴(yan)之感。西(xi)(xi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為四合(he)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)北房(fang)各(ge)五間(jian)(jian)(jian),南(nan)北間(jian)(jian)(jian)十一門洞,兩院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)月(yue)(yue)亮門相通。1946年十月(yue)(yue),四野的指揮(hui)部(bu)進駐(zhu)該地,其東(dong)(dong)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為前(qian)線指揮(hui)部(bu)及后(hou)勤保衛人員居住,西(xi)(xi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為通訊(xun)樞紐(niu)處,有(you)(you)(you)通向前(qian)線和各(ge)縱隊的電(dian)臺十二(er)部(bu),即(ji)使在七十多年后(hou)的今天,我們(men)仍(reng)然可(ke)以想見(jian)當年的繁忙(mang)景象。
前線(xian)指(zhi)揮部在雙城的兩年里,我英(ying)勇的第四野(ye)戰軍以(yi)排山倒海之(zhi)勢(shi)痛擊(ji)國(guo)民黨反動勢(shi)力。先后(hou)指(zhi)揮大小戰斗、戰役二十二次,其中有新開(kai)嶺戰役,三下江(jiang)南(nan)、四保臨江(jiang)戰役;夏季(ji)攻(gong)勢(shi)、秋(qiu)季(ji)攻(gong)勢(shi)和冬季(ji)攻(gong)勢(shi),并成功策劃了(le)(le)歷時50天,殲敵47萬的遼沈戰役,為解(jie)放全東北,繼(ji)而奪取全國(guo)的勝利作(zuo)出了(le)(le)不可磨滅的貢獻(xian)。
解(jie)放前夕,彭真、林(lin)彪、羅榮桓、劉亞樓、高崗、陳云(yun)、 呂正操、李富春(chun)、程子(zi)華、 肖勁光(guang)等四(si)野及中共東北地區領導在雙城活動很多,解(jie)放后, “四(si)野”先(xian)后誕(dan)生了(le)521位高級將領,也(ye)曾(ceng)涌(yong)現出(chu)渡海英雄(xiong)團,鐵塔英雄(xiong)等光(guang)輝群體(ti)和董存(cun)瑞等一大批英雄(xiong)戰士。
景點發展
現(xian)在的第四(si)(si)(si)野戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍前線(xian)(xian)指(zhi)揮(hui)部(bu)舊址(zhi),經過整修后(hou),這座建(jian)筑和(he)革命歷史遺址(zhi)徹底恢復了原貌,初步建(jian)立了“四(si)(si)(si)野”前線(xian)(xian)指(zhi)揮(hui)部(bu)舊址(zhi)紀念館(guan)和(he)雙城文(wen)史館(guan)。現(xian)東(dong)三(san)(san)(san)合院(yuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)舊址(zhi)紀念館(guan),設(she)(she)三(san)(san)(san)個展(zhan)(zhan)廳,正房(fang)(fang)(fang)是“四(si)(si)(si)野”首(shou)長辦公室(shi)(shi)(shi)、臥室(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)作戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)指(zhi)揮(hui)室(shi)(shi)(shi)展(zhan)(zhan)廳; 東(dong)廂房(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“四(si)(si)(si)野”將帥英(ying)雄譜展(zhan)(zhan)廳; 西廂房(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“四(si)(si)(si)野”戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)史陳(chen)列(lie)室(shi)(shi)(shi)。西四(si)(si)(si)合院(yuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙城文(wen)史館(guan),設(she)(she)置三(san)(san)(san)個展(zhan)(zhan)廳,正房(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)昌書院(yuan),東(dong)廂房(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)物陳(chen)列(lie),西廂房(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雙城發展(zhan)(zhan)史展(zhan)(zhan)廳。
在“四(si)野”離去(qu)后的近(jin)七十年時間里,各界(jie)人(ren)士紛至沓來(lai)(lai),游(you)目聘懷,程子華將軍在1989年再次(ci)來(lai)(lai)到雙(shuang)城(cheng)時回首(shou)往事(shi),感慨萬千,欣然(ran)題(ti)詞盛(sheng)贊雙(shuang)城(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“解放戰爭(zheng)重(zhong)鎮,松花江畔名城(cheng)”。如今的四(si)野指(zhi)揮部,不僅是旅游(you)景點,也是進行(xing)愛國主義教育的重(zhong)要基(ji)地,已(yi)被(bei)列為(wei)(wei)全國重(zhong)點文物保護(hu)單(dan)位。