芒果视频

一.產品介紹

外(wai)在感官特征(zheng)：壽光(guang)螞蜆，其貝殼呈(cheng)三角(jiao)卵(luan)圓形(xing)，具有(you)前傾的(de)殼頂(ding)(ding)，殼頂(ding)(ding)至貝殼前端的(de)距(ju)離約(yue)等于貝殼全長(chang)的(de)1/3。小月面橢圓形(xing)或(huo)略(lve)呈(cheng)梭形(xing)，盾面梭形(xing)。貝殼前端邊(bian)緣橢圓，后端邊(bian)緣略(lve)呈(cheng)截(jie)形(xing)。殼表面灰黃色或(huo)深褐色，有(you)的(de)帶褐色斑點。殼面除了(le)同心(xin)生(sheng)長(chang)輪(lun)外(wai)，還有(you)細密的(de)放射(she)肋。水管基部愈合(he)，入水管口喙觸(chu)手不分(fen)叉。前閉(bi)殼肌痕(hen)半圓形(xing)，后閉(bi)殼肌痕(hen)近卵(luan)形(xing)。放射(she)肋與生(sheng)長(chang)線(xian)交錯形(xing)成布紋狀。

二.自然(ran)生(sheng)態環境和人文歷史因素

壽(shou)光(guang)(guang)地處中緯度(du)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)，北臨渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)，屬暖溫(wen)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)季風區(qu)(qu)(qu)大(da)陸性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)候。受(shou)冷暖氣(qi)(qi)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)交替影響，形成了“春(chun)(chun)季干(gan)(gan)旱(han)少雨，夏季炎熱(re)多(duo)(duo)(duo)雨，秋季爽(shuang)涼(liang)有(you)旱(han)，冬季干(gan)(gan)冷少雪”的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)候特(te)點。歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)591.9毫(hao)米，最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)年(nian)(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)1286.7毫(hao)米，最(zui)(zui)(zui)小(xiao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)299.5毫(hao)米。年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照總(zong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2607.4小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，日照率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)49%，10℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)日照時(shi)(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1568.6小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，占總(zong)日照時(shi)(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)60%。全年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)12.6℃，受(shou)大(da)陸性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)候和(he)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋季風的(de)(de)(de)(de)雙重影響，氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)變化較(jiao)劇烈(lie)，春(chun)(chun)季溫(wen)度(du)回(hui)升較(jiao)快，夏季天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)炎熱(re)，平均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)23℃，日最(zui)(zui)(zui)高溫(wen)度(du)在(zai)30℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間，平均(jun)(jun)(jun)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)68天(tian)。秋季氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)逐日降低(di)，平均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)19℃，有(you)寒流出現。冬季從12月(yue)份開始(shi)，平均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在(zai)-1.0℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)，日氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)低(di)于(yu)(yu)-10℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間平均(jun)(jun)(jun)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)22天(tian)。四(si)季分明，干(gan)(gan)濕(shi)度(du)非(fei)常明顯。北臨渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)萊州灣，該(gai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)地勢低(di)平，坡(po)降較(jiao)緩，坡(po)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2.0×104，屬粉砂(sha)淤泥質(zhi)型(xing)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)岸，含砂(sha)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)70％～80％。平均(jun)(jun)(jun)水(shui)(shui)深(shen)較(jiao)小(xiao)，有(you)彌河(he)(he)(he)(he)、丹(dan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、旺河(he)(he)(he)(he)、小(xiao)老(lao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、織女河(he)(he)(he)(he)等(deng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)條(tiao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)流注入，附近還有(you)黃河(he)(he)(he)(he)、濰河(he)(he)(he)(he)、白浪河(he)(he)(he)(he)等(deng)入海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)，因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)多(duo)(duo)(duo)條(tiao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)流入海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)，帶(dai)(dai)(dai)來(lai)了豐(feng)(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)(de)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)鹽(yan)和(he)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)，水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)肥沃，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)浮(fu)游生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)繁(fan)衍生(sheng)長提(ti)供了良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件，餌料生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)類(lei)繁(fan)多(duo)(duo)(duo)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)豐(feng)(feng)富。據《壽(shou)光(guang)(guang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)鑒(jian)》記載：“老(lao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)口(kou)(kou)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)浮(fu)游動物(wu)(wu)總(zong)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)夏季比春(chun)(chun)季高，春(chun)(chun)季50-100毫(hao)克(ke)/米3，夏季100-250毫(hao)克(ke)/米3 ，PH值7.2-8.3，鹽(yan)度(du)15.38-28.53‰，溶(rong)解(jie)氧5.67-10.51毫(hao)克(ke)/升，淺海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)漁業(ye)資(zi)源豐(feng)(feng)富，灘(tan)涂(tu)貝(bei)(bei)種(zhong)類(lei)繁(fan)多(duo)(duo)(duo)但(dan)(dan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)居(ju)多(duo)(duo)(duo)”。 螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)棲(qi)息(xi)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)要求(qiu)：螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)大(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)棲(qi)息(xi)在(zai)風浪較(jiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內灣、且(qie)有(you)適(shi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)淡水(shui)(shui)注人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中、低(di)潮區(qu)(qu)(qu)，但(dan)(dan)鹽(yan)度(du)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)沿海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)島嶼和(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)米深(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)潮下(xia)(xia)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)，也(ye)偶有(you)發現；棲(qi)息(xi)底質(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)含砂(sha)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)70％～80％的(de)(de)(de)(de)砂(sha)泥灘(tan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)最(zui)(zui)(zui)多(duo)(duo)(duo)。在(zai)含砂(sha)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)很(hen)少的(de)(de)(de)(de)泥灘(tan)和(he)含泥量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)極少的(de)(de)(de)(de)砂(sha)地或礫石地帶(dai)(dai)(dai)，雖也(ye)有(you)發現，但(dan)(dan)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)甚(shen)少。通過以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)對(dui)老(lao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)口(kou)(kou)一帶(dai)(dai)(dai)地理環(huan)境(jing)(jing)和(he)螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)所要求(qiu)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)比可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)看出，老(lao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)口(kou)(kou)一帶(dai)(dai)(dai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)無論地勢、底質(zhi)、水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)、餌料、鹽(yan)度(du)等(deng)各項指(zhi)標都(dou)特(te)別(bie)適(shi)合于(yu)(yu)螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態習性(xing)，從而(er)誕生(sheng)了著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)光(guang)(guang)螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)。自七十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)代末在(zai)壽(shou)光(guang)(guang)老(lao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)口(kou)(kou)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)形成自然(ran)種(zhong)群(qun)，并形成捕撈產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，八十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)代初開始(shi)進行人(ren)工增養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖，目前(qian)增養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖面(mian)積30000多(duo)(duo)(duo)畝，年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)6000余(yu)噸(dun)。據1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)《山(shan)東省志(zhi) 水(shui)(shui)產(chan)(chan)志(zhi)》記載：“螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)主要分布在(zai)山(shan)東壽(shou)光(guang)(guang)老(lao)可(ke)口(kou)(kou)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)及山(shan)東半島南部海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，分布面(mian)積13.8萬(wan)畝，資(zi)源蘊藏量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)約1.4萬(wan)噸(dun)”。其(qi)個體雖小(xiao)，但(dan)(dan)味(wei)道鮮美(mei)，肉可(ke)鮮食，亦可(ke)加工成蛤(ha)(ha)干(gan)(gan)、五香(xiang)蛤(ha)(ha)仔，是價廉(lian)味(wei)美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)眾食品。活蛤(ha)(ha)也(ye)是出口(kou)(kou)創匯的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)產(chan)(chan)品，產(chan)(chan)品大(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)出口(kou)(kou)日本(ben)等(deng)東南亞國家。與縊(yi)蟶(cheng)、牡蠣(li)和(he)毛蚶一起被稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中國傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)“四(si)大(da)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖貝(bei)(bei)類(lei)”。由于(yu)(yu)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)和(he)豐(feng)(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)(de)餌料資(zi)源，老(lao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)口(kou)(kou)一帶(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)口(kou)(kou)味(wei)鮮美(mei)，質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)上(shang)(shang)等(deng)，這一帶(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)品被評為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)無公害產(chan)(chan)品，保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)被認定為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)東省漁業(ye)標準化示范(fan)基地；2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)被農業(ye)部認定為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui)產(chan)(chan)健康(kang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)殖示范(fan)場。產(chan)(chan)品深(shen)受(shou)消費者的(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)睞。由于(yu)(yu)鮮美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)口(kou)(kou)味(wei)和(he)豐(feng)(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)(de)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)，在(zai)當地也(ye)創造出了花樣繁(fan)多(duo)(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)烹飪方法，如: 菠菜(cai)炒螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)、砂(sha)鍋釀(niang)螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)、絲瓜炒螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)、辣(la)炒螞(ma)(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)等(deng)已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)廣泛流行的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方美(mei)食名吃。

三.地域范圍

壽光螞蜆（ma xian）山東地區統稱(cheng)蛤蜊(gala)、壽光一(yi)帶俗(su)稱(cheng)花蛤，主要分布在山東省壽光市行政(zheng)區內的營里鎮老(lao)河口沿海一(yi)帶，地理坐標為東經119°00′00″～119°05′00″，北緯 37°16′00″～37°18′00″，總面積 30000畝，年(nian)產量6000余噸。

四.產(chan)品品質特性(xing)特征

1、產品(pin)品(pin)質特色：外在(zai)感官特征(zheng)：壽(shou)光(guang)螞(ma)蜆(xian)[Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams et Reeve)]，其貝(bei)殼(ke)呈三角卵(luan)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，具有(you)前傾的殼(ke)頂，殼(ke)頂至貝(bei)殼(ke)前端(duan)的距離約等于貝(bei)殼(ke)全(quan)長的1/3。小月面(mian)橢圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)或略呈梭形(xing)(xing)，盾面(mian)梭形(xing)(xing)。貝(bei)殼(ke)前端(duan)邊(bian)緣橢圓(yuan)，后端(duan)邊(bian)緣略呈截形(xing)(xing)。殼(ke)表(biao)面(mian)灰黃色或深(shen)褐(he)色，有(you)的帶(dai)褐(he)色斑(ban)點。殼(ke)面(mian)除了同心生(sheng)長輪(lun)外，還有(you)細密(mi)的放射肋。水管(guan)基部愈合，入(ru)水管(guan)口喙觸(chu)手不(bu)分叉(cha)。前閉殼(ke)肌痕(hen)半圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，后閉殼(ke)肌痕(hen)近卵(luan)形(xing)(xing)，放射肋與生(sheng)長線(xian)交錯(cuo)形(xing)(xing)成布(bu)紋狀。殼(ke)面(mian)厚而斑(ban)點大(da)，整(zheng)體顏色比(bi)其他(ta)地區生(sheng)產的螞(ma)蜆(xian)深(shen)，離水后存(cun)活時間(jian)在(zai)相同條件下比(bi)其他(ta)地區的長30%以上，所(suo)以深(shen)受(shou)銷售客戶(hu)的歡迎，擴大(da)了銷售范(fan)圍(wei)，產品(pin)80%銷售日本和韓國(guo)。

2、內在品(pin)質(zhi)指標：據有關醫學(xue)報道，螞蜆(xian)(xian)(xian)具有一下藥(yao)理作(zuo)用(yong)：a延緩(huan)衰老作(zuo)用(yong)，螞蜆(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)提(ti)取物(wu)明(ming)顯降(jiang)低小(xiao)鼠肝(gan)組織(zhi)中過氧化脂質(zhi)含量(liang)，提(ti)高(gao)超氧化物(wu)歧化酶(SOD)活性，降(jiang)低皮膚和尾腱中羥(qian)脯氨含量(liang)，具有顯著的(de)延緩(huan)衰老作(zuo)用(yong)。 b抗(kang)腫(zhong)瘤(liu)作(zuo)用(yong)，該(gai)提(ti)取物(wu)對肉瘤(liu)180、艾瘤(liu)腹水(shui)型和肝(gan)癌實(shi)體型具有較明(ming)顯的(de)抑制作(zuo)用(yong)。c降(jiang)壓作(zuo)用(yong)，螞蜆(xian)(xian)(xian)肉具有明(ming)顯的(de)降(jiang)壓作(zuo)用(yong)。d性味(wei):味(wei)甘；咸(xian)；性寒(han)e功能主治(zhi):清(qing)熱解毒(du)。主臁瘡(chuang)；黃水(shui)瘡(chuang)f用(yong)法用(yong)量(liang):外用(yong)：適量(liang)，煅存性，研末撒。

3、質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)(an)全規定：嚴格按照以上“3特定生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)方式”中1產(chan)地環境、2苗種(zhong)放養、3生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)理(li)中的生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)要求符合(he)GB 18406.4-2001--農產(chan)品安(an)(an)全質(zhi)量(liang)無公(gong)(gong)害(hai)水(shui)(shui)產(chan)品安(an)(an)全要求、NY5052--無公(gong)(gong)害(hai)食(shi)品 海水(shui)(shui)養殖(zhi)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)、NY 5701--無公(gong)(gong)害(hai)食(shi)品 漁用(yong)藥物(wu)使用(yong)標準、NY5073--2001-無公(gong)(gong)害(hai)食(shi)品 水(shui)(shui)產(chan)品中有毒有害(hai)物(wu)質(zhi)限量(liang)中所規定的各(ge)項指標組(zu)織發展生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)，完(wan)善質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)細則(ze)，確(que)保壽光螞(ma)蜆的質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)(an)全。

五(wu).特(te)定生產方式

1、產(chan)地(di)環(huan)境(jing) ：保護區自然(ran)環(huan)境(jing)優良，水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)肥度適(shi)宜(yi)，鹽度適(shi)宜(yi)，適(shi)口(kou)餌料(liao)豐(feng)富，而且以(yi)(yi)螞(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)(xian)喜食的圓篩藻(zao)、舟形(xing)藻(zao)、菱形(xing)藻(zao)等底棲硅藻(zao)類居多，透明度0.3-1.0米左右，海(hai)(hai)(hai)況水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)符合GB 11607的規定(ding)要求，為(wei)螞(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)(xian)的繁衍生(sheng)長(chang)創造了得天獨(du)厚的自然(ran)環(huan)境(jing)條件。為(wei)進一(yi)步保護好這一(yi)地(di)方優質(zhi)(zhi)資源，壽(shou)光(guang)市(shi)政府于2008年9月22日成立了壽(shou)光(guang)市(shi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)惠(hui)海(hai)(hai)(hai)水(shui)養(yang)殖(zhi)專業(ye)合作(zuo)社(she)(she)，以(yi)(yi)壽(shou)光(guang)市(shi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)惠(hui)集團(tuan)為(wei)依托，以(yi)(yi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)惠(hui)集團(tuan)貝類養(yang)殖(zhi)場(chang)為(wei)發展基地(di)，實(shi)行“企業(ye)+合作(zuo)社(she)(she)+基地(di)”的經營管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)模式(shi)，重點對螞(ma)(ma)蜆(xian)(xian)實(shi)行統(tong)一(yi)苗(miao)種供應、統(tong)一(yi)質(zhi)(zhi)量標準、統(tong)一(yi)產(chan)品和產(chan)地(di)認證、統(tong)一(yi)技術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、統(tong)一(yi)包(bao)裝銷(xiao)售的“六統(tong)一(yi)”模式(shi)，有(you)效地(di)克(ke)服了分散生(sheng)產(chan)經營的質(zhi)(zhi)量監管(guan)(guan)、安全保障難的問(wen)題。在生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)中總結出了“五(wu)(wu)防”、“五(wu)(wu)勤”的管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)經驗。“五(wu)(wu)防”是：防洪、防暑、防凍(dong)、防人(ren)踐踏(ta)、防敵害。“五(wu)(wu)勤”是：勤巡邏、勤查苗(miao)、勤修堤、勤清溝、勤除害。目前(qian)該合作(zuo)社(she)(she)擁有(you)投資社(she)(she)員111人(ren)，發展社(she)(she)員398戶。

2、苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)放養:目(mu)前(qian)保護區(qu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以自(zi)繁自(zi)育為主，劃定親貝繁育場，定期(qi)進行螞蜆苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的采集(ji)，苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)規格(ge)整齊，殼(ke)長(chang)(chang)(chang)0.5-1cm，大小均勻，色(se)澤鮮艷，殼(ke)厚(hou)適(shi)(shi)中(zhong)，無破損、健壯(zhuang)、活力(li)強(qiang)，規格(ge)合格(ge)率≥90%，畸形率和(he)傷(shang)殘死亡率≤3%。采苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)后進行底播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)養成。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)季(ji)節：由于(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類不同(tong)，播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)也就(jiu)有所(suo)差(cha)別。白苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)一(yi)般在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 4—5月份播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)10—11月份播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方法(fa)：播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方法(fa)分(fen)為干播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)和(he)濕(shi)(shi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。干播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)多用于(yu)白苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)退(tui)潮(chao)后，將蛤(ha)(ha)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)均勻撒播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)蛤(ha)(ha)埋上(shang)，防(fang)止成堆集(ji)結。濕(shi)(shi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)適(shi)(shi)用于(yu)中(zhong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)和(he)大苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)潮(chao)水(shui)未退(tui)出埕(cheng)面時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，直接從船上(shang)把苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)撒到苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)埕(cheng)的海(hai)區(qu)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)平潮(chao)或潮(chao)流(liu)緩慢時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進行，以防(fang)蛤(ha)(ha)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)流(liu)失。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)密(mi)(mi)度：播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)密(mi)(mi)度因(yin)環(huan)境條件和(he)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大小的不同(tong)而有所(suo)差(cha)異。潮(chao)區(qu)低(di)的埕(cheng)地，露出時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)短(duan)，攝(she)食時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)長(chang)(chang)(chang)，生長(chang)(chang)(chang)快，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)敵害生物也多，蛤(ha)(ha)仔受害大，可適(shi)(shi)當多播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)；高潮(chao)區(qu)由于(yu)攝(she)食時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)短(duan)，生長(chang)(chang)(chang)慢，不宜多播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。一(yi)般播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)密(mi)(mi)度白苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)為3～5千(qian)(qian)克(ke)／畝(mu)，中(zhong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)7～10千(qian)(qian)克(ke)／畝(mu)，大苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)12—15千(qian)(qian)克(ke)／畝(mu)。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)運輸：用竹筐、塑料箱(xiang)等(deng)器具運輸。運輸過(guo)程中(zhong)避免日照、風(feng)吹，保持濕(shi)(shi)潤。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)20℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，運輸時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30h內；在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)16℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，運輸時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)48h以內。防(fang)災：防(fang)臺風(feng)、洪水(shui)、酷熱。除(chu)敵害：藥(yao)物使用時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按NY5071規定執行。養殖期(qi)間(jian)的管(guan)理(li)工作主要是(shi)修(xiu)堰、預防(fang)自(zi)然災害、清除(chu)敵害生物（如(ru)海(hai)星(xing)、螺(luo)類、蟹類、蛇鰻、鳥類）等(deng)。

3、生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)：就(jiu)是劃定(ding)適于螞蜆生(sheng)長并(bing)能自然附苗的(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區，實施封灘育貝。初期在(zai)種苗稀少的(de)地方(fang)先行移播(bo)苗種，在(zai)自然貝苗分布不勻的(de)灘面可(ke)移密補稀，促進(jin)生(sheng)長，達(da)到(dao)商品規格(體長3厘(li)米以上)后進(jin)行輪捕(bu)、銷(xiao)售，以有(you)利于貝苗的(de)再(zai)附著。 整(zheng)個保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區海(hai)域實施分片(pian)承包管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，以人(ren)工增殖、護(hu)(hu)養為主，實行“輪捕(bu)輪放，捕(bu)大留小”的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)和(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)模式，制定(ding)嚴格的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)制度(du)(du)，完(wan)善質(zhi)量(liang)保(bao)證體系，將水質(zhi)監測、教育培(pei)訓、技術措施、檢查和(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)制度(du)(du)、產(chan)地環境保(bao)護(hu)(hu)以及獎罰制度(du)(du)等(deng)匯編成(cheng)冊，分發(fa)到(dao)各個會員手中，保(bao)證各項制度(du)(du)具有(you)適合性(xing)、科學性(xing)和(he)可(ke)操作性(xing)。

六.包裝(zhuang)標識(shi)相關規定

在保護區地域范(fan)圍(wei)內的(de)所有螞蜆(xian)(xian)生(sheng)產(chan)經營者，在產(chan)品或包裝上使(shi)用已獲登記保護的(de)螞蜆(xian)(xian)地理標(biao)(biao)志，須向壽光市海(hai)(hai)惠(hui)海(hai)(hai)水養(yang)殖專(zhuan)業合(he)作(zuo)社提出申請，并按照相關(guan)要求規范(fan)生(sheng)產(chan)和使(shi)用標(biao)(biao)志，標(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用人應(ying)在其產(chan)品或其外包裝上統一(yi)使(shi)用農(nong)產(chan)品地理標(biao)(biao)志（壽光螞蜆(xian)(xian)名稱和農(nong)產(chan)品地理標(biao)(biao)志公共標(biao)(biao)識(shi)圖案(an)組合(he)標(biao)(biao)注型(xing)式(shi)）。

1、包(bao)裝：所(suo)用包(bao)裝材料兼顧堅固、潔凈、無毒、無異味。所(suo)有類型包(bao)裝符合GB7718的(de)規定。內包(bao)裝采用清潔無毒的(de)塑(su)料袋（盒、瓶）、麻織(zhi)品(pin)等。 2、標(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)：標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使用人應在其產品(pin)或(huo)其包(bao)裝上統一使用農產品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)（壽光螞蜆名稱和公共標(biao)(biao)識(shi)(shi)圖案組合標(biao)(biao)注型式(shi)）。

3、貯存：剛出水(shui)(shui)的螞蜆體(ti)內含有(you)(you)細沙(sha)，需在暫(zan)(zan)養池中進(jin)行(xing)吐沙(sha)處理，暫(zan)(zan)養池要(yao)求環境潔凈衛生(sheng)、陰(yin)涼、無(wu)毒(du)、無(wu)異味，以水(shui)(shui)泥池為好(hao)，并配(pei)有(you)(you)微管充氧，暫(zan)(zan)養池水(shui)(shui)鹽(yan)度(du)與產地(di)鹽(yan)度(du)差別(bie)小于5‰，暫(zan)(zan)養8-10小時(shi)即可吐沙(sha)干凈。 4、運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)：運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)工具(ju)清潔、無(wu)毒(du)、無(wu)異味，禁(jin)止與有(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)害或有(you)(you)腐蝕性的物品(pin)混(hun)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)途(tu)中防(fang)止日曬雨淋(lin)、蟲害、有(you)(you)害物質(zhi)的污染，活體(ti)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)時(shi)采用透氣性良好(hao)的麻袋進(jin)行(xing)干法運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)，需要(yao)保持濕潤，常(chang)溫條件下超過5小時(shi)需要(yao)冷藏車保持在5℃-10℃低溫運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)，具(ju)體(ti)根據運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)時(shi)間長短適(shi)當調整溫度(du)，裝卸時(shi)要(yao)輕拿輕放，防(fang)止機械(xie)損害。