漢中白(bai)(bai)豬(zhu)(zhu)簡稱漢白(bai)(bai)豬(zhu)(zhu),主產于陜(shan)西(xi)省漢中地區,屬向脂(zhi)型豬(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong).主要(yao)用(yong)蘇(su)白(bai)(bai)豬(zhu)(zhu)、巴克(ke)夏豬(zhu)(zhu)和漢江黑豬(zhu)(zhu)雜交(jiao)培育(yu)而(er)成。現(xian)有(you)豬(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)多分布于漢中市、南(nan)鄭縣和城固縣等地、漢中白(bai)(bai)豬(zhu)(zhu)適應性強、生(sheng)長快、耐粗飼、嗣體品質(zhi)好。該品種(zhong)豬(zhu)(zhu)頭中等大.面微凹,耳(er)中等大小.向上向外伸展。背(bei)腰平直(zhi),腿臀較豐滿。
產地環境與分布
漢中白豬主產區漢中市(shi)位(wei)于(yu)北亞熱帶(dai)(dai),地處東經106°51~107°10、北緯33°2~33°22之間(jian),屬(shu)亞熱帶(dai)(dai)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)。氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫暖,雨量充沛,土壤肥沃,農(nong)業發達。年平均氣(qi)(qi)溫14.3℃,降(jiang)雨量 871.8 ,生態(tai)環境良好(hao),主要作物有水稻(dao)、小麥、玉(yu)米、甘薯(shu)、油(you)菜等(deng),農(nong)副產品豐富(fu),青綠飼料常(chang)年種植,四季不斷,為育成漢白豬提供良了好(hao)的飼料條(tiao)件。主要分(fen)布于(yu)漢中市(shi)、漢中縣(xian)(xian)、勉縣(xian)(xian)、南鄭、城固、洋縣(xian)(xian)、西鄉、寧(ning)強(qiang)、鎮巴、留壩等(deng)市(shi)、縣(xian)(xian)。
品種特征
中(zhong)(zhong)為脂(zhi)肉兼(jian)用型。 被毛全(quan)白,膚色全(quan)白,部(bu)分眼圈皮膚有(you)小(xiao)塊黑(hei)斑,母豬無鬃(zong)毛,少數(shu)公豬有(you);體型較大(da)(da),體質結實,結構呈長(chang)方形;頭大(da)(da)小(xiao)適中(zhong)(zhong),面(mian)側微凹,額部(bu)無皺紋(wen),嘴筒中(zhong)(zhong)等;耳中(zhong)(zhong)等大(da)(da)小(xiao),前(qian)沖,不(bu)下垂;體軀長(chang),背腰平(ping)直,腹部(bu)下垂不(bu)明顯,臀部(bu)豐滿度(du)適中(zhong)(zhong);有(you)效乳頭6對以(yi)上,排列整齊均勻;四肢結實,粗(cu)壯(zhuang),肢勢正常(chang);尾根粗(cu),高(gao)。肋骨7對;公豬無獠(liao)牙。
繁殖性能
小公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)110日齡(ling)、體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)40公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤左右時出現爬跨(kua)行為,小母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)120月齡(ling)、體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)35~40公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤時出現第一(yi)次(ci)發(fa)情。公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)10月齡(ling)、體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)100公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤以上(shang),母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)8月齡(ling)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)90公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤左右時開始配種。繁殖(zhi)利(li)用年(nian)限,公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)般(ban)為4年(nian),母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)為6年(nian)。母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)發(fa)情周期一(yi)般(ban)為21 天,發(fa)情持續期,經產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)2~3天,初(chu)產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)4~5天,斷乳(ru)后(hou)發(fa)情時間為7天左右。經產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(17頭(tou)(tou))排卵數16.06±2.77枚。妊娠(shen)期115.43±2.8天。公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)次(ci)射精量 300~500毫升(sheng),精子(zi)活力0.7以上(shang),密度中等(2億左右)。初(chu)產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(215窩)平(ping)(ping)均產(chan)(chan)仔(zi)數9.76頭(tou)(tou);經產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(173窩)平(ping)(ping)均產(chan)(chan)仔(zi)數11.4頭(tou)(tou),仔(zi)豬(zhu)(zhu)20日齡(ling)窩重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)41.46公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,60日齡(ling)斷乳(ru)窩重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)108.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。