【蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)種子催(cui)芽(ya)】哪些蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)種子需要催(cui)芽(ya) 蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)種子電熱毯催(cui)芽(ya)法

哪些蔬菜種子需要催芽

1、芹菜：先用清水浸泡種子半天或者一天左右，泡完之后再換清水用手搓洗一遍，然后將種皮搓開晾曬，等水份干之后用濕布包好放在陰涼處進行催芽，等到3天左右就可以播種了。

2、西芹(qin)：這個要用48℃的(de)溫水浸泡半小時，浸泡完之后(hou)再用濕(shi)紗布包褒(bao)置于放(fang)在15到20度(du)的(de)溫度(du)下開始催芽(ya)，要記住經(jing)常(chang)淘洗，等(deng)到一周至兩(liang)周左右(you)后(hou)發(fa)芽(ya)就可以播種了。

該圖片由注冊用戶"妮子的文字"提供，版權聲明反饋

3、木耳萊(落葵)：首先在25℃～30℃溫水中把種(zhong)子浸泡1到2天，然后在30℃左右(you)溫度下(xia)催芽，大概一周后就可以播種(zhong)。

4、菠菜：也(ye)是用清(qing)水浸(jin)泡(pao)一天或半天的時間，然后把(ba)種子晾于(yu)10℃～15℃溫度下進行催芽，過幾天等種子發(fa)芽后(hou)就可以進行播種。

5、萵苣：萵苣種子的(de)清泡時間相比來說(shuo)比較少，只需5-10小時。然后將種(zhong)子取出放在5℃左右(you)的低溫下一(yi)天一(yi)夜，然后攤(tan)在濕毛巾(jin)(紗布(bu))上，上面再蓋(gai)(gai)一(yi)層(ceng)紗布(bu)保(bao)濕，注意(yi)，這時候要放在室(shi)內，它屬(shu)于見光催芽(ya)。等個一(yi)兩天左右(you)后播(bo)種(zhong)，此時要保(bao)持播(bo)種(zhong)的土壤(rang)濕潤，以(yi)不(bu)蓋(gai)(gai)土出苗為好。

6、芫荽(香(xiang)菜(cai))：在播種前(qian)先(xian)把(ba)香(xiang)菜(cai)的種果搓開(kai)，跟上述其他種子一樣用清(qing)水泡半天或(huo)一天左(zuo)右，泡完后把(ba)種子放在20℃～32℃溫度催芽，等到(dao)種字發(fa)芽后就可以進行播種了。

蔬菜種(zhong)子(zi)電熱毯催芽法(fa)

種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)催芽(ya)是蔬菜(cai)生產的(de)首要(yao)環節，是育苗(miao)、栽(zai)培上(shang)的(de)一(yi)項重(zhong)要(yao)技術措(cuo)施(shi)。它(ta)不僅可使 種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發芽(ya)整(zheng)齊，縮短苗(miao)齡，而且可以提高身苗(miao)質量，保證幼苗(miao)健壯(zhuang)生長。筆者多年(nian)來對蔬菜(cai)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)進(jin)行(xing)電熱毯催芽(ya)，收到了理(li)想的(de)交果。現將(jiang)電熱毯催芽(ya)的(de)方(fang)法介紹如下，供菜(cai)農(nong)學習應用參考。

1、 種子消毒

為了(le)提(ti)高種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)活力(li)，促(cu)進(jin)發芽(ya)，防(fang)止因種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)帶菌而造成(cheng)病(bing)蟲危害，催芽(ya) 前應進(jin)行種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)消毒(du)處理，方法主要有熱(re)水(shui)燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和藥劑(ji)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。①熱(re)水(shui)燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前先用(yong)(yong)清(qing)水(shui)清(qing)洗(xi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，再用(yong)(yong)55-600C的熱(re)水(shui)燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)10-15分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。注意(yi)要邊燙(tang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)邊攪攔以(yi)使(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)受(shou)熱(re)均勻。②藥劑(ji)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前先用(yong)(yong)清(qing)水(shui)浸(jin)(jin)泡1小時(shi)，要用(yong)(yong)藥液(ye)進(jin)行浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，可用(yong)(yong)0.1%-0.35%高錳酸(suan)鉀溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)20分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)用(yong)(yong)1%硫酸(suan)銅，2%氫(qing)氧化鈉(na)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)5-15分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)用(yong)(yong)0.2%的50%多菌靈(ling)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)20-30分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)0.125甲霜靈(ling)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)30分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)用(yong)(yong)0.1%的60%防(fang)霉(mei)寶(bao)加0.1%平平加溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)60分(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。以(yi)上兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)消毒(du)方法在達到規定時(shi)間(jian)后，應取(qu)出種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)進(jin)行清(qing)洗(xi)、浸(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、催芽(ya)。

2、 清水浸種

浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)間應根據蔬(shu)菜(cai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類而(er)(er)不同一般而(er)(er)言番(fan)茄(qie)、黃瓜、西葫(hu)蘆、菜(cai)豆等浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2小時(shi)(shi)，辣椒、茄(qie)子浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)4-5小時(shi)(shi)，苦瓜、西瓜浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)24-36小時(shi)(shi)。浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)稍加搓洗，以除去雜質及附屬物。

3、 電熱毯(tan)催芽

先鋪(pu)電(dian)熱毯(tan)(tan)(tan)，再(zai)將(jiang)(jiang)塑料薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)（薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)面積(ji)是電(dian)熱毯(tan)(tan)(tan)面積(ji)的2倍以(yi)上(shang)）鋪(pu) 在(zai)電(dian)熱毯(tan)(tan)(tan)上(shang)，然后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)毛(mao)(mao)巾(jin)在(zai)清(qing)水中搓洗干(gan)(gan)凈擰干(gan)(gan)，平鋪(pu)于薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)表(biao)面；將(jiang)(jiang)經過處理(li)后(hou)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)瀝干(gan)(gan)，均(jun)勻鋪(pu)在(zai)濕毛(mao)(mao)巾(jin)上(shang)，折(zhe)疊(die)毛(mao)(mao)巾(jin)或用其他濕毛(mao)(mao)巾(jin)輕輕蓋于種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)表(biao)南；用另一(yi)半薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)折(zhe)疊(die)鋪(pu)在(zai)毛(mao)(mao)巾(jin)上(shang)，薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)上(shang)再(zai)加蓋毛(mao)(mao)巾(jin)被、毛(mao)(mao)毯(tan)(tan)(tan)或毛(mao)(mao)草等覆蓋物(wu)保溫，覆蓋完(wan)畢(bi)后(hou)通電(dian)；每天早(zao)晚(wan)用毛(mao)(mao)巾(jin)包(bao)裹好種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)進行(xing)淘洗，瀝干(gan)(gan)后(hou)繼續進行(xing)電(dian)熱毯(tan)(tan)(tan)催芽，直至(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)發芽為止。

4、 適用范圍

①適用于菜豆、豇豆、西瓜(gua)(gua)、苦瓜(gua)(gua)、黃瓜(gua)(gua)、茄(qie)子、辣(la)椒、糯玉等(deng)種子的(de)催芽(ya)；

②適用于大量種(zhong)子、小中型(xing)農(nong)場、西瓜基(ji)地等的催芽(ya)、育(yu)苗(miao)。

5、 注意事項

①熱水燙種一定要不斷攪攔，以免燙傷、燙死種子；

②進行操作(zuo)時要先(xian)斷電(dian)(dian)，完畢后再(zai)行通電(dian)(dian)；③種子發芽露(lu)白(bai)達50%以上(shang)時及(ji)時播種。

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