一、電池管理系統的基本功能

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)監控與控制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，將采集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)信(xin)(xin)息實(shi)時(shi)(shi)反饋給用(yong)戶，同時(shi)(shi)根(gen)據(ju)采集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息調(diao)節(jie)參數(shu)(shu)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)分(fen)發揮(hui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)，其(qi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)主要有(you)：1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)狀態(tai)分(fen)析(xi)(xi)：SOC估算是BMS的(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，同時(shi)(shi)也是評估電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車續航里程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要參數(shu)(shu)。BMS通(tong)過(guo)遍布整(zheng)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)包的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳感(gan)器檢測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)參數(shu)(shu)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)和溫(wen)度等(deng)）信(xin)(xin)息，由于探(tan)測的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息準(zhun)確(que)外(wai)加優秀的(de)(de)(de)(de)算法(fa)處理(li)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量就可以被非常準(zhun)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)計算出來。2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)安全保護：BMS能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)營造良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)(xing)環境。比如在(zai)寒冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)地區，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率降(jiang)低，這個(ge)時(shi)(shi)候BMS會(hui)調(diao)用(yong)加熱系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)來讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(xin)升溫(wen)使(shi)(shi)其(qi)達(da)到(dao)舒適的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)環境；如果在(zai)夏季或者(zhe)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)發熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia)，BMS會(hui)調(diao)用(yong)冷卻系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(xin)降(jiang)溫(wen)，利用(yong)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)溫(wen)控系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提(ti)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命。3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量管(guan)理(li)：充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，BMS會(hui)把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)允許充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)單體(ti)最高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、最高(gao)總(zong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、最高(gao)溫(wen)度、當(dang)前(qian)(qian)允許充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、SOC以及當(dang)前(qian)(qian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)信(xin)(xin)息與充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)交互(hu)，從而使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)按照適配的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)和充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)法(fa)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量處于高(gao)位后，BMS會(hui)限制(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，進(jin)(jin)入到(dao)“涓流(liu)(liu)模式(shi)”（使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(xin)真正(zheng)飽和、延長(chang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命），直到(dao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程(cheng)結束最后斷開連接。4、通(tong)信(xin)(xin)：BMS把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、溫(wen)度、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、SOC等(deng)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)通(tong)過(guo)CAN通(tong)信(xin)(xin)傳遞(di)，最終我們(men)在(zai)儀表(biao)上(shang)才(cai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)很直觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)看到(dao)續航里程(cheng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量等(deng)信(xin)(xin)息。不僅如此，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)還能(neng)(neng)(neng)對(dui)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障信(xin)(xin)息進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)分(fen)析(xi)(xi)，通(tong)過(guo)相關策略(lve)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)保護和控制(zhi)，同時(shi)(shi)讓(rang)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障燈點亮以便提(ti)醒車主。5、故(gu)(gu)(gu)障診斷：除了通(tong)信(xin)(xin)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)外(wai)，BMS還能(neng)(neng)(neng)起到(dao)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障診斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。BMS會(hui)根(gen)據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(xin)參數(shu)(shu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)制(zhi)定相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障閾(yu)值表(biao)，BMS通(tong)過(guo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障閾(yu)值表(biao)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)保護并上(shang)報故(gu)(gu)(gu)障類型(xing)，方(fang)便后期的(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障排查以及檢修維護。

二、電池管理系統的英文縮寫為什么

電(dian)池(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系統(tong)(tong)的(de)英文縮寫(xie)是(shi)BMS，它(ta)是(shi)英文BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM的(de)首字母縮寫(xie)，翻譯過(guo)來就(jiu)是(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系統(tong)(tong)。隨(sui)著(zhu)新能(neng)源電(dian)動汽車的(de)廣泛應用，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)容量、安全性、健康(kang)狀態與續航能(neng)力日益成(cheng)為關注重點，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系統(tong)(tong)通過(guo)對電(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行監控與控制，可以將(jiang)采(cai)集的(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)信(xin)息(xi)實時反饋給(gei)用戶，同時根(gen)據采(cai)集的(de)信(xin)息(xi)調節參(can)數，充分發揮電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)性能(neng)。

三、電池管理系統開發流程

1、電池管理系統開發的前期工作：電池管理系統的開發過程是從“確定BMS的拓撲結構”、“確定BMS的各項功能”、“動力電池特性測試”這三項工作開始的。2、電池管理系統軟硬件設計及實現：軟硬件設計及其實現是電池管理系統開發的主體工作，軟件的開發與硬件的開發工作是相輔相成的，即進行軟件開發的時候需要兼顧到各部分硬件的可執行為，而進行硬件設計的時候需要充分考慮到軟件算法復雜度。3、BMS單元測試及動力電池組整體測試：在完成電池管理系統硬件設計、制作以及軟件系統的編程、調試以后，所制訂的電池管理系統的各項基本功能就可以實現了。接下來需要做的就是大量的測試工作，其中包含BMS本身的單元測試以及整個動力電池組的整體測試。電池管理系統是一個比較復雜的系統，對開發要求較高，好的電池管理系統通常是專業的電池管理系統廠家開發出來的。

四、電池管理系統的工作原理是什么

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)終端模(mo)塊（主要進(jin)行(xing)(xing)數(shu)據采集，如：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓參(can)數(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流參(can)數(shu)、溫度、通(tong)信信號等(deng)）、中間控制模(mo)塊（主要與整(zheng)車系(xi)(xi)(xi)統進(jin)行(xing)(xing)通(tong)訊，控制充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)等(deng)）和顯示模(mo)塊（主要進(jin)行(xing)(xing)數(shu)據呈現，實(shi)(shi)現人機(ji)交互）三部分組成，采用內部CAN總(zong)線技(ji)術實(shi)(shi)現模(mo)塊之間的(de)(de)數(shu)據信息(xi)通(tong)訊。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統工作(zuo)時，通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)終端模(mo)塊檢測動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組中各單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)狀態(tai)來確(que)定整(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)狀態(tai)，并根(gen)據它們的(de)(de)狀態(tai)對(dui)動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統進(jin)行(xing)(xing)對(dui)應的(de)(de)控制調整(zheng)和策略實(shi)(shi)施，實(shi)(shi)現對(dui)動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統及各單體的(de)(de)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)理(li)(li)以保證(zheng)動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統安全穩定地運行(xing)(xing)。