茶(cha)亭紅薯(shu)(shu),歷(li)(li)(li)史悠(you)久。 據(ju)歷(li)(li)(li)史資料(liao)記(ji)載(zai),紅薯(shu)(shu)在(zai)(zai)我(wo)國別名很(hen)多(duo),有山芋(yu)(yu)、紅芋(yu)(yu)、番薯(shu)(shu)、白薯(shu)(shu)、白芋(yu)(yu)、地(di)(di)瓜、紅苕等(deng)名稱,傳入(ru)我(wo)國有400多(duo)年(nian)(nian)的(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史。在(zai)(zai)明朝萬(wan)歷(li)(li)(li)十年(nian)(nian)(1582年(nian)(nian)),從(cong)當時的(de)西班牙殖民(min)地(di)(di)呂宋(今菲律賓(bin))引(yin)進(jin)中國,由(you)東(dong)莞(guan)人陳益從(cong)安南(nan)首先引(yin)入(ru)廣(guang)東(dong)。萬(wan)歷(li)(li)(li)二十一年(nian)(nian)(1593年(nian)(nian))五(wu)月(yue),福建長樂人陳振龍又從(cong)呂宋攜帶回中國,試種(zhong)后,“甫及四月(yue),啟土開(kai)掘(jue),子母鉤連,大(da)(da)者如臂,小(xiao)者如拳”,福建巡撫金學曾大(da)(da)力(li)推廣(guang),并撰《海外(wai)新傳七(qi)則》。《農政全書》詳細記(ji)述了(le)番薯(shu)(shu)的(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)方(fang)式,李(li)時珍《本草綱(gang)目》載(zai):“南(nan)人用(yong)當米谷果餐,蒸(zheng)炙皆香美……,海中之人多(duo)壽,亦(yi)由(you)不(bu)食(shi)五(wu)谷而(er)食(shi)紅薯(shu)(shu)故也(ye)。”清雍正、乾隆(long)年(nian)(nian)間(jian)引(yin)入(ru)河南(nan)。茶(cha)亭溝村境內有許(xu)昌、洛陽大(da)(da)道經往,當時,縣(xian)署在(zai)(zai)路(lu)旁(pang)大(da)(da)皂角樹附近設官地(di)(di)80畝,且樹碑曰:凡耕種(zhong)此片土地(di)(di)者,應設“茶(cha)亭”(或搭(da)茶(cha)庵)為(wei)過路(lu)客商(shang)備茶(cha)解渴(ke)。當時鄉吏趙某接(jie)種(zhong)官地(di)(di)種(zhong)植(zhi)糧食(shi)和紅薯(shu)(shu),并搭(da)庵設茶(cha)用(yong)紅薯(shu)(shu)招待客商(shang),深受歡(huan)迎。后來(lai)鄉親們見大(da)(da)片土地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)薯(shu)(shu)甚(shen)多(duo),且美味可口(kou),即(ji)趕走(zou)趙家,埋(mai)掉石(shi)碑,平分官地(di)(di),家家戶戶開(kai)始種(zhong)植(zhi)紅薯(shu)(shu)。正因為(wei)茶(cha)亭紅薯(shu)(shu)適(shi)應性強、產(chan)(chan)量高、用(yong)途廣(guang),所(suo)以成了(le)告成地(di)(di)區主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)糧食(shi)作物之一,群眾稱之為(wei)“鐵桿莊稼(jia)”,故有“苗活五(wu)成收”的(de)說法(fa)。
新中國成(cheng)(cheng)立以來直(zhi)至20世紀70年代,一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)都是群(qun)眾(zhong)的(de)(de)看家糧食(shi),故有(you)“一(yi)(yi)季紅薯(shu)(shu)半年糧”的(de)(de)美(mei)譽。隨(sui)著我國農業生(sheng)產的(de)(de)不斷(duan)發(fa)展,人們(men)食(shi)物(wu)構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)變化,食(shi)品(pin)和飼(si)料(liao)加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)業的(de)(de)興起,紅薯(shu)(shu)在糧食(shi)中的(de)(de)地位已經(jing)發(fa)生(sheng)了變化,由原來的(de)(de)粗糧一(yi)(yi)躍(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)為工(gong)(gong)業原料(liao)和優良的(de)(de)飼(si)料(liao)作物(wu)。另外,紅薯(shu)(shu)富含多種(zhong)營成(cheng)(cheng)分,俗稱“土(tu)人參”,有(you)健身、防病之功效,含有(you)各種(zhong)維(wei)生(sheng)素和氨基(ji)酸,食(shi)用(yong)后可補(bu)充人體所需的(de)(de)營養補(bu)給,長期(qi)使用(yong)可預防癌癥的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng),成(cheng)(cheng)為一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)重要(yao)的(de)(de)中藥材。 經(jing)歷風雨,終見(jian)彩虹。
告成鎮(zhen)地處(chu)(chu)中岳嵩山南麓,山區占全鎮(zhen)土地面積80%以上,解(jie)放初期,黨和政府(fu)十分重視山區發展,為改善農村人民生活,沿用茶亭(ting)(ting)(ting)溝(gou)村的老傳(chuan)(chuan)統,大力號召和扶(fu)持種(zhong)植(zhi)紅(hong)薯(shu),紅(hong)薯(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)規模開始擴(kuo)大。但(dan)紅(hong)薯(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)之路不(bu)是一帆風順(shun)(shun),由于種(zhong)植(zhi)技術和市場銷(xiao)售等原因,茶亭(ting)(ting)(ting)溝(gou)紅(hong)薯(shu)也曾(ceng)經(jing)一度衰退。上世紀九十年代初,由于天氣原因茶亭(ting)(ting)(ting)溝(gou)村紅(hong)薯(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)幾乎絕(jue)跡,村內流(liu)傳(chuan)(chuan)著(zhu)這(zhe)樣的順(shun)(shun)口溜:“茶亭(ting)(ting)(ting)溝(gou)、茶亭(ting)(ting)(ting)溝(gou),山上光溜溜。晴天一身土,下雨無處(chu)(chu)走。人窮山也窮,種(zhong)啥啥不(bu)收……”村民們(men)守著(zhu)紅(hong)薯(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)的老傳(chuan)(chuan)統卻找不(bu)到致(zhi)富的門路,整個村子死水一灘。
為(wei)了徹(che)底改變村(cun)(cun)內落(luo)后(hou)面(mian)貌(mao),茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)村(cun)(cun)支部書記胡雙(shuang)舟深思熟慮,決定(ding)恢(hui)復(fu)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)傳統,先從(cong)自己家(jia)(jia)里開(kai)(kai)始(shi),進(jin)行市(shi)場(chang)調查,引進(jin)優良品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)徐(xu)薯(shu)(shu)8號(hao)、鄭紅(hong)11、川山紫、豫薯(shu)(shu)7號(hao)等(deng)幾(ji)(ji)十余(yu)個,建設(she)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)專業(ye)(ye)交易市(shi)場(chang),規劃紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)園,茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)村(cun)(cun)又以本(ben)村(cun)(cun)為(wei)中心(xin),輻(fu)射五度、竹園、賈溝(gou)(gou)(gou)、八方、森子(zi)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)等(deng)周邊村(cun)(cun)莊,成(cheng)立(li)了“優質(zhi)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)生產(chan)(chan)示范基地(di)(di)”。村(cun)(cun)民們的(de)(de)(de)腰包(bao)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)鼓了起來。拿(na)出僅(jin)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)畝土地(di)(di)全部種(zhong)上紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu),從(cong)育苗(miao)到(dao)(dao)栽(zai)秧,從(cong)澆水到(dao)(dao)治病(bing),從(cong)貯(zhu)窖到(dao)(dao)銷(xiao)售,他家(jia)(jia)里經歷(li)了幾(ji)(ji)次風風雨雨,幾(ji)(ji)次吵鬧埋(mai)怨,最終(zhong)把(ba)甜(tian)脆(cui)的(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)賣了出去。村(cun)(cun)支書胡雙(shuang)舟為(wei)帶動(dong)周圍群眾注冊了“茶亭(ting)(ting)”及“茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)”兩個商(shang)(shang)標,積極打(da)造(zao)本(ben)土紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)。功(gong)夫不負有(you)心(xin)人(ren)(ren),2009年(nian),告成(cheng)鎮“茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)”通(tong)過(guo)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部綠(lv)色食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)認(ren)證,實(shi)現(xian)了登封市(shi)綠(lv)色食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)“零”的(de)(de)(de)突破,2013年(nian),“茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)”又通(tong)過(guo)了農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標志(zhi)認(ren)證。茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)恢(hui)復(fu)。 乘(cheng)風揚(yang)帆(fan),名(ming)揚(yang)天(tian)下。 歷(li)史自然資源得(de)到(dao)(dao)進(jin)一(yi)步的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)發,促進(jin)了茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。2002年(nian)12月,中央(yang)電(dian)視(shi)臺(tai)編導趙富(fu)剛在此拍攝了《茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)優質(zhi)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)》新聞紀錄片,2003年(nian)1月1日晚(wan)7點(dian)在中央(yang)電(dian)視(shi)臺(tai)第七頻道播出,《河南(nan)農(nong)(nong)民報》于2003年(nian)1月進(jin)行了專題報道。 如(ru)今茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)“紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)” 市(shi)場(chang)已形成(cheng)規模,門市(shi)房90余(yu)間,交易場(chang)所2.7萬(wan)平方米。基地(di)(di)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)常年(nian)產(chan)(chan)量1000多萬(wan)公斤,并采用優法儲藏,保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)度可接下季,產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)500多萬(wan)元(yuan),僅(jin)此一(yi)項人(ren)(ren)均收(shou)入(ru)增加1000多元(yuan)。真(zhen)正(zheng)實(shi)現(xian)了農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)增效(xiao)農(nong)(nong)民增收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。隨著紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)不斷提(ti)升,茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)也成(cheng)了人(ren)(ren)們走親(qin)訪友、饋贈(zeng)親(qin)朋的(de)(de)(de)“香餑餑”,紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)批(pi)量遠銷(xiao)鄭州、商(shang)(shang)丘(qiu)、安徽(hui)、陜西和甘(gan)肅等(deng)地(di)(di)。 茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)將以紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)為(wei)根本(ben),重視(shi)茶亭(ting)(ting)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai),讓綠(lv)色、保(bao)(bao)健、美(mei)味食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)走進(jin)千家(jia)(jia)萬(wan)戶是(shi)告成(cheng)鎮茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)長期發展(zhan)目標,做大做長產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈條(tiao),使(shi)茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)真(zhen)正(zheng)成(cheng)為(wei)告成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)民發展(zhan)致富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye),使(shi)茶亭(ting)(ting)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)“紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)”響(xiang)遍大江(jiang)南(nan)北。 正(zheng)是(shi):小(xiao)小(xiao)紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)益健康,美(mei)味佳肴首選它。茶亭(ting)(ting)候客高(gao)風尚,綠(lv)色品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)美(mei)名(ming)揚(yang)。
地域范圍
茶(cha)亭(ting)溝(gou)紅薯的地域(yu)保護范圍在(zai)河南省登(deng)封市境(jing)內(nei),地理坐標為:東經113°05′-113°07′,北(bei)緯34°24′-34°26′之間,總面積(ji)23.35平方公(gong)里(li),其中茶(cha)亭(ting)溝(gou)紅薯的產地面積(ji)666.7公(gong)頃,年(nian)總產量1000多萬公(gong)斤,主(zhu)要分布(bu)在(zai)登(deng)封市境(jing)內(nei)告成鎮茶(cha)亭(ting)溝(gou)村(cun)、竹園村(cun)、賈溝(gou)村(cun)、五(wu)度村(cun)、八(ba)方村(cun)、范店村(cun)、森子溝(gou)村(cun)、北(bei)溝(gou)村(cun)等8個(ge)行政村(cun)。
茶亭溝紅薯為農產(chan)品地理標(biao)志產(chan)品。