產品介紹

越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)位于四川省南部(bu)，涼山(shan)州北部(bu)，介于東經102°20′-102°54′，北緯28°18′-28°53′，海拔1600-2100m。越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志地域保(bao)護范(fan)圍為越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)境內(nei)(nei)25個山(shan)區鄉鎮所屬的(de)(de)自然村，保(bao)護面積13067公頃。越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)果(guo)(guo)形(xing)腎形(xing)或心臟形(xing)，縫合線(xian)明顯。果(guo)(guo)柄中短，果(guo)(guo)大，果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)紅至紫紅色(se)，皮(pi)色(se)艷麗有(you)光澤。果(guo)(guo)肉(rou)粉(fen)紅至玫瑰紅，肥厚多汁(zhi)，質(zhi)脆離核。風味酸甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)適度，品質(zhi)佳。 越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)單果(guo)(guo)較(jiao)重、可溶性固形(xing)物含(han)量(liang)(liang)高、營養(yang)(yang)豐富(fu)，含(han)有(you)大量(liang)(liang)維生(sheng)素(su)(su)C及鈣(gai)、鐵等(deng)營養(yang)(yang)元素(su)(su)。其單果(guo)(guo)重≥4g，可溶性固形(xing)物含(han)量(liang)(liang)≥14%、維生(sheng)素(su)(su)C ≥6mg/100g。 越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)獨特的(de)(de)環(huan)境被(bei)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)專家確定(ding)為中國(guo)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)最適栽(zai)培區，且為全國(guo)露(lu)地栽(zai)培甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)最早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)地區，果(guo)(guo)實的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期在4月下旬(xun)-5月下旬(xun)，同(tong)一甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)實的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期比(bi)省內(nei)(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區提早(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)10 -15天(tian)，比(bi)北方甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區提早(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)25-30天(tian)。因(yin)此越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)被(bei)稱(cheng)為“西(xi)(xi)南高海拔特早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)栽(zai)培區”。 2004年(nian)取得農(nong)(nong)業部(bu)頒發(fa)的(de)(de)“綠色(se)食品認證證書”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)植業列入“十二五(wu)”經濟發(fa)展計劃， 計劃到2015年(nian)發(fa)展種(zhong)(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)2000公頃，出臺多種(zhong)(zhong)優惠(hui)政策，鼓勵農(nong)(nong)民種(zhong)(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)。

自然生態環境和人(ren)文歷史(shi)因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地貌情(qing)況：越西縣主(zhu)要(yao)地貌為平(ping)壩、中(zhong)高低(di)山(shan)(shan)，山(shan)(shan)地面積(ji)占90%以上，地勢(shi)南高北(bei)低(di)，由南向北(bei)傾(qing)斜，境內(nei)海(hai)拔(ba)差較大(da)，大(da)約為1000-2000米。最低(di)海(hai)拔(ba)(梅(mei)花鄉巴姑河邊)1170米，最高海(hai)拔(ba)(陽(yang)糯雪(xue)山(shan)(shan)的(de)主(zhu)峰鏵頭(tou)尖)4791米，形(xing)成獨特的(de)立體氣(qi)候特征(zheng)。縣境內(nei)主(zhu)要(yao)為水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)、紫(zi)色土(tu)(tu)(tu)、黃壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、黃棕壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)、紅壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)和沼(zhao)澤土(tu)(tu)(tu)7個土(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)質地輕壤(rang)至重壤(rang)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有機質含(han)量平(ping)均為 1.8 %， pH值6-7.5，酸堿適中(zhong)。

（2）水(shui)文情況：境(jing)內大小(xiao)河(he)流密布，屬(shu)大渡(du)河(he)水(shui)系(xi)的河(he)流主要有越西(xi)河(he)、普(pu)雄河(he)、漫灘河(he)、寶珠拉達河(he)等；屬(shu)金沙(sha)江水(shui)系(xi)的有則普(pu)拉達河(he)、保石河(he)等，河(he)流總長度212.6公里，其中(zhong)以普(pu)雄河(he)和越西(xi)河(he)較(jiao)長。

（3）氣(qi)候情況：越(yue)西縣屬北(bei)亞熱帶氣(qi)候，具有年(nian)較差(cha)小(xiao)、日較差(cha)大，立體垂(chui)直氣(qi)候特(te)征明顯等特(te)點(dian)。海拔1600-2100米地區(qu)，年(nian)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫為11.3-13.3℃，≥10℃的年(nian)有效(xiao)積溫3915.7-3200℃，平均(jun)(jun)降水量(liang)1017-1113mm（主要集中在6-10月，年(nian)日照時數1612.9-1860小(xiao)時，無霜期248-225天(tian)，特(te)別是(shi)氣(qi)候溫穩(wen)定通(tong)過5℃的初日在于2月下旬(xun)，春(chun)季氣(qi)溫回(hui)升(sheng)快，使得果實成(cheng)熟(shu)特(te)早。

（4）人(ren)(ren)文歷史情況：越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)歷史悠(you)久(jiu)，因越(yue)(yue)(yue)過嶲(sui)(sui)水設郡縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)而得名。漢(han)帝元(yuan)鼎(ding)6年設置(zhi)越(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)(sui)郡，今越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)(sui)郡領之(zhi)“闌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”。晉太康8年文昌帝君張亞(ya)子誕生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)(yu)境內中所水鎮。北周天(tian)和(he)3年設置(zhi)邛都縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)至(zhi)隋唐(tang)，明洪武25年設置(zhi)越(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)(sui)衛，民(min)國2年改越(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)(sui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，是南方絲綢(chou)之(zhi)路的(de)(de)要塞，為(wei)(wei)(wei)彝(yi)族(zu)世居地(di)(di)。 從(cong)二十世紀七十年代開(kai)始(shi)，越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)量種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)，自此(ci)便與人(ren)(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活密不可分(fen)，特別是與彝(yi)族(zu)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩文化緊(jin)密聯系(xi)：甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)因其果(guo)(guo)實艷麗、枝(zhi)葉純(chun)潔、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命力強被(bei)(bei)彝(yi)人(ren)(ren)同(tong)鐵(tie)杉樹(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)道敬為(wei)(wei)(wei)“神(shen)枝(zhi)”，鐵(tie)杉生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)于(yu)(yu)高(gao)寒之(zhi)山(shan)，寓意(yi)陽(yang)剛，象征男性，甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)于(yu)(yu)低山(shan)、寓意(yi)陰柔，象征母性，以男、女(nv)性相(xiang)對應，象征彝(yi)人(ren)(ren)男、女(nv)相(xiang)互依(yi)從(cong)繁(fan)衍生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息，人(ren)(ren)們(men)從(cong)此(ci)過上幸福(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活。據彝(yi)族(zu)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩經書(shu)記載：遠(yuan)古時(shi)代，為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)彝(yi)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)興旺(wang)發達、幸福(fu)安(an)康，上天(tian)授意(yi)人(ren)(ren)間請畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩做(zuo)法事(shi)，于(yu)(yu)是彝(yi)人(ren)(ren)先民(min)用(yong)金(jin)銀財寶做(zuo)神(shen)枝(zhi)、野(ye)獸野(ye)禽做(zuo)祭(ji)牲(sheng)；到(dao)了(le)(le)著名的(de)(de)彝(yi)族(zu)畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩黑畢(bi)(bi)(bi)始(shi)祖時(shi)代，改用(yong)鐵(tie)杉樹(shu)(shu)和(he)山(shan)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)做(zuo)神(shen)枝(zhi)、家畜家獸做(zuo)祭(ji)牲(sheng)；時(shi)至(zhi)今日(ri)(ri)，眾多(duo)彝(yi)族(zu)在請畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩進(jin)行(xing)祈(qi)福(fu)、小(xiao)孩出生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)隆(long)重法式時(shi)，都用(yong)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)和(he)鐵(tie)杉樹(shu)(shu)做(zuo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)神(shen)枝(zhi)、神(shen)柱、神(shen)枷、神(shen)叉、神(shen)財，同(tong)雞、豬、羊、牛祭(ji)牲(sheng)一(yi)(yi)起進(jin)行(xing)祭(ji)祀，祈(qi)求(qiu)幸福(fu)安(an)康，萬事(shi)如意(yi)。甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)因此(ci)被(bei)(bei)人(ren)(ren)們(men)稱之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“吉祥之(zhi)樹(shu)(shu)、甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)果(guo)(guo)實被(bei)(bei)人(ren)(ren)們(men)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)“吉祥之(zhi)果(guo)(guo)”。 甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)原產(chan)(chan)歐洲，性喜冷涼干燥，日(ri)(ri)照充(chong)足，對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態條件要求(qiu)嚴(yan)格，適(shi)應區域狹小(xiao)，全(quan)國種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積不大(da)。越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)獨(du)特的(de)(de)環境被(bei)(bei)國內甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)專家確定為(wei)(wei)(wei)中國甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)最(zui)適(shi)栽培(pei)區，且為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)國露地(di)(di)栽培(pei)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)最(zui)早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)區，果(guo)(guo)實的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)期在4月下旬-5月下旬，同(tong)一(yi)(yi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)實的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)期比省內甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)(zhu)產(chan)(chan)區提(ti)早(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)10 -15天(tian)，比北方甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)(zhu)產(chan)(chan)區提(ti)早(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)25-30天(tian)。因此(ci)越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被(bei)(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)“西(xi)(xi)南高(gao)海拔特早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)栽培(pei)區”。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)已(yi)陸續建(jian)立了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)批甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)科技示(shi)范園，同(tong)時(shi)建(jian)立了(le)(le)品種(zhong)(zhong)資(zi)源(yuan)圃、 母本采(cai)穗圃、苗木(mu)繁(fan)殖圃，為(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)可持續發展(zhan)奠定了(le)(le)良好(hao)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎。目前全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)面(mian)積333公頃，引入了(le)(le)國內外優(you)(you)良品種(zhong)(zhong)40多(duo)個，已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)特早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)(di)。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府已(yi)將甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)列入“十一(yi)(yi)五(wu)”經濟發展(zhan)計劃，制定了(le)(le)特早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)(di)建(jian)設長(chang)遠(yuan)發展(zhan)規劃，將甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)促農增收的(de)(de)新的(de)(de)經濟增長(chang)點來培(pei)育。計劃到(dao)2015年發展(zhan)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)2000公頃，出臺多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)優(you)(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)，鼓勵農民(min)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)，甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)給(gei)果(guo)(guo)農帶來了(le)(le)可觀的(de)(de)經濟效益(yi)，大(da)大(da)提(ti)高(gao)了(le)(le)農民(min)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)積極性，特早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)(di)已(yi)初具規模。

地域范圍

越西(xi)(xi)甜櫻桃農(nong)產品(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理標志地(di)(di)(di)(di)域保(bao)(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍為(wei)越西(xi)(xi)境(jing)內25個山(shan)區(qu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)所屬的(de)自然村，具體是(shi)大花鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、丁山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、中所鎮(zhen)、大瑞鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南箐(qing)(qing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、馬拖(tuo)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、五里箐(qing)(qing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、越城鎮(zhen)、河東(dong)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西(xi)(xi)山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大屯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新民鎮(zhen)、板橋鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、瓦(wa)巖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、普(pu)雄(xiong)鎮(zhen)、樂青地(di)(di)(di)(di)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、貢目鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、依洛(luo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉白鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、鐵西(xi)(xi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、爾覺鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、四(si)甘普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、保(bao)(bao)安鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)和山(shan)間盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)面積13067公頃，產量10000噸。越西(xi)(xi)縣位(wei)于四(si)川省南部(bu)，涼山(shan)州北部(bu)，介于東(dong)經(jing)102°20′-102°54′，北緯28°18′-28°53′，產區(qu)海拔(ba)1600-2100m。

品質特性特征

外(wai)在感官特(te)征：越西(xi)甜櫻桃果(guo)形(xing)(xing)腎形(xing)(xing)或心臟形(xing)(xing)，縫合線明顯(xian)。果(guo)柄中短，果(guo)大，果(guo)皮(pi)紅至(zhi)(zhi)紫紅色，皮(pi)色艷麗有光(guang)澤。果(guo)肉(rou)粉紅至(zhi)(zhi)玫瑰紅，肥厚多汁，質(zhi)脆離核。風味酸(suan)甜適度，品質(zhi)佳。

（2）內(nei)在品質指標：越西甜櫻桃單(dan)(dan)果較(jiao)重、可溶性(xing)固(gu)形物含(han)量高、營養 豐富(fu)，含(han)有大量維生(sheng)(sheng)素C及鈣、鐵等營養元素。其單(dan)(dan)果重≥4g，可溶性(xing)固(gu)形物含(han)量≥14%、維生(sheng)(sheng)素C ≥6mg/100g。