一.產品介紹
向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)是甘(gan)南(nan)(nan)縣的(de)(de)(de)特(te)產(chan)。古(gu)籍(ji)記載向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)約在明朝(chao)時引入中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo),如(ru)今所(suo)知最(zui)早記載向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)獻為(wei)明朝(chao)人王象晉所(suo)著(zhu)《群(qun)芳譜》。該書中(zhong)(zhong)尚(shang)無“向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)”一(yi)名(ming)(ming),只(zhi)在“花譜三菊”中(zhong)(zhong)附“丈菊”之(zhi)稱(cheng),原(yuan)文(wen)如(ru)下(xia):“丈菊-名(ming)(ming)本番菊-名(ming)(ming)迎陽花,莖長(chang)丈余,稈(gan)堅(jian)粗如(ru)竹,葉類(lei)麻(ma),多直生(sheng)(sheng),雖有分枝,只(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)花大(da)(da)如(ru)盤(pan)盂,單(dan)瓣色(se)黃心皆(jie)作窠如(ru)蜂(feng)房(fang)狀,至秋漸紫黑而(er)堅(jian),取其子(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)甚易(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)”。“向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)”之(zhi)名(ming)(ming),見于(yu)文(wen)震亨(heng)《長(chang)物(wu)志》。早在十(shi)九世(shi)紀50年(nian)代甘(gan)南(nan)(nan)縣已有了葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花的(de)(de)(de)種植,到(dao)二十(shi)世(shi)紀50、60年(nian)代開始了大(da)(da)面積(ji)種植。2005年(nian)總(zong)播種面積(ji)達(da)到(dao)了80萬畝,占(zhan)全(quan)省食用(yong)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)種植面積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)1/3,占(zhan)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)食用(yong)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)種植面積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)1/10,總(zong)產(chan)達(da)2.4億斤,銷(xiao)售收入4.8億元(yuan),是全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)食用(yong)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)和銷(xiao)售集散地(di)。2000年(nian)8月,甘(gan)南(nan)(nan)縣被(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)產(chan)之(zhi)鄉組委會命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)之(zhi)鄉”,2002年(nian)以齊(qi)齊(qi)哈(ha)爾港聯公(gong)司加(jia)工(gong)企業為(wei)主體的(de)(de)(de)4萬畝向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)加(jia)工(gong)原(yuan)料基地(di)通(tong)過(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)綠色(se)食品發展中(zhong)(zhong)心認證為(wei)A級綠色(se)食品,2011年(nian)甘(gan)南(nan)(nan)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)花籽(zi)被(bei)核定為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)地(di)理標志保護產(chan)品,更將甘(gan)南(nan)(nan)縣“向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)(kui)之(zhi)鄉”美譽名(ming)(ming)揚四海(hai)。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌情況:甘(gan)南(nan)縣(xian)地(di)勢北部(bu)、西部(bu)為丘陵漫崗區,以(yi)(yi)黑土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為主, 東部(bu)及南(nan)部(bu)為平原區,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)主要有草(cao)(cao)甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、暗棕壤(rang)、黑鈣土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),以(yi)(yi)草(cao)(cao)甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面積較多(duo),以(yi)(yi)中性粘(zhan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)砂壤(rang)質(zhi)草(cao)(cao)甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為主,有機質(zhi)含量3.6%一4%,PH值在(zai)6.0—8.0之間(jian),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)含鹽(yan)量0.3%以(yi)(yi)下,肥力中等(deng)偏(pian)上。
(2)水(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況(kuang):甘南縣(xian)屬嫩江和阿(a)音河(he)谷沖積(ji)平(ping)(ping)原,地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)較(jiao)豐富,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)砂礫石層(ceng)及亞粘(zhan)土(tu)的潛水(shui)(shui),地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)含水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)厚(hou)度30~50米(mi)(mi)(mi),埋深(shen)3~5米(mi)(mi)(mi),降深(shen)5米(mi)(mi)(mi)的單井日出水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)2000~4000噸。全縣(xian)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)域有(you)一江三河(he),即嫩江、音河(he)、阿(a)倫河(he)、諾敏(min)河(he)。多(duo)年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)深(shen)為60mm,徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)總量(liang)(liang)2,88億(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),加之界外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)進入我縣(xian)蓄(xu)存,地(di)(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)總量(liang)(liang)9.67億(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),可(ke)利用(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)8.9億(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),地(di)(di)(di)下總蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)7.10立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),可(ke)開采量(liang)(liang)5.37億(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。沿岸土(tu)壤較(jiao)肥(fei)沃,是(shi)(shi)發展(zhan)種植(zhi)業(ye)和牧業(ye)的良好基地(di)(di)(di)。 按照《農用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)源環境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監測(ce)技術規范》(NY5332-2006)的要(yao)(yao)求,對產地(di)(di)(di)的灌溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)進行監測(ce),評價結果表明,葵花產地(di)(di)(di)灌溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)所監測(ce)項(xiang)目檢(jian)測(ce)值均(jun)未見超標,判定灌溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)合格。
(3)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況:葵花種植區(qu)屬中溫帶大(da)陸性季風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)455毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫為(wei)(wei)(wei)2.6℃,日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數(shu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)2600~2900小時(shi),無霜(shuang)期(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)125~145天。有效積溫為(wei)(wei)(wei)2682.8℃,晝夜溫差(cha)大(da),利于農作物碳(tan)水化(hua)合(he)物和(he)蛋白(bai)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)成,光熱資源充足,是黑龍江省熱量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)最(zui)(zui)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)地區(qu)之一。該(gai)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)特(te)(te)點(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)葵花的(de)(de)(de)(de)生長(chang)發(fa)(fa)育提(ti)供了極其(qi)有利的(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)。 四季氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)特(te)(te)點(dian)是: 春季(3—5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))回暖快,降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水少(shao)(shao),多(duo)(duo)大(da)風(feng)(feng),易干(gan)旱。三(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫為(wei)(wei)(wei)零(ling)(ling)下5.8℃,五(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)13.5℃,平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)每(mei)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)升(sheng)溫10度(du)(du)左右(you)。3—5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)49.2毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),占(zhan)年(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)10.8%。 夏季(6-8)溫熱多(duo)(duo)雨。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫21.8℃,最(zui)(zui)熱月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫27.3℃, 平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)最(zui)(zui)高氣(qi)溫28℃。全(quan)(quan)季日(ri)(ri)最(zui)(zui)高氣(qi)溫≥30℃日(ri)(ri)數(shu),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)19天。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang) 雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)324.4毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),七月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)達146.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。 秋(qiu)(qiu)季(9—10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫明(ming)顯,秋(qiu)(qiu)霜(shuang)早,降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水偏少(shao)(shao)多(duo)(duo)晴天。10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫3.7℃,與9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)13.1℃相比(bi),降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)溫10度(du)(du)左右(you)。9—10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)69.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),占(zhan)年(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)15.3%。 冬(dong)季(11—2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))嚴寒(han)漫長(chang),少(shao)(shao)雪干(gan)燥(zao)。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)初大(da)地封(feng)凍(dong),嚴冬(dong)到來,冬(dong)季平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫零(ling)(ling)下14.7℃,最(zui)(zui)冷(leng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue))平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫零(ling)(ling)下19.2度(du)(du),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)最(zui)(zui)低氣(qi)溫零(ling)(ling)下24.5℃,全(quan)(quan)季日(ri)(ri)最(zui)(zui)低氣(qi)溫≤零(ling)(ling)下30℃日(ri)(ri)數(shu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)6天,11-2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)1.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),僅占(zhan)年(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)2.6%。年(nian)蒸(zheng)發(fa)(fa)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1499.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),是降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)3.3倍。五(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)蒸(zheng)發(fa)(fa)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)7倍。毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)113.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),主(zhu)要降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水集中在6-9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen),占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)83%,年(nian)蒸(zheng)發(fa)(fa)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)1499.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),是降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)13倍,平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)蒸(zheng)發(fa)(fa)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)4.1。
(4)人(ren)文歷史情況(kuang):甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)位于(yu)黑(hei)龍(long)江省西北(bei)部,大興安嶺南(nan)(nan)麓與(yu)松嫩平原過渡地帶,是一個(ge)以(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的縣(xian)(xian)(xian)份,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)扶貧工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)重點縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)幅員面(mian)積4792平方公里(li),耕(geng)地面(mian)積278萬畝(mu),全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)37萬人(ren)口,其中農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)口24萬。早在十九世紀50年(nian)(nian)代已有了(le)(le)(le)葵(kui)(kui)花(hua)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植,到二十世紀50、60年(nian)(nian)代開始了(le)(le)(le)大面(mian)積種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植,在種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植葵(kui)(kui)花(hua)上有著傳統(tong)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植習(xi)慣,并(bing)積累了(le)(le)(le)豐富的經(jing)驗。長期(qi)以(yi)(yi)來(lai),甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)始終把選擇適(shi)宜我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植,并(bing)能有效抗(kang)御自然風險和(he)市(shi)(shi)場風險的優(you)(you)勢(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)和(he)優(you)(you)勢(shi)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)加快農(nong)(nong)村(cun)經(jing)濟(ji)發展的一項(xiang)重要工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)來(lai)抓。經(jing)過多年(nian)(nian)實踐,我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)確定發展葵(kui)(kui)花(hua)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)導作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu),并(bing)率先(xian)在1978年(nian)(nian)就成(cheng)立(li)了(le)(le)(le)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)研(yan)究所。該研(yan)究所育(yu)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)有自主(zhu)知識(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權的甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)葵(kui)(kui)系列向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)葵(kui)(kui)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不僅在甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)廣泛種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植,而且已推廣至(zhi)東北(bei)向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區,尤其是甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)葵(kui)(kui)2號的育(yu)成(cheng)獲(huo)得了(le)(le)(le)《中國(guo)(guo)第(di)七屆楊凌高新技(ji)術博覽會后稷金像獎(jiang)》、《齊齊哈(ha)爾市(shi)(shi)政府(fu)科技(ji)進步一等獎(jiang)》。2000年(nian)(nian)被中國(guo)(guo)特(te)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)之(zhi)鄉組委會命名為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“中國(guo)(guo)向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)之(zhi)鄉”。2004年(nian)(nian)吸引(yin)來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)炒(chao)貨排行第(di)三(san)的內蒙(meng)古知心(xin)仁(ren)集團(tuan)在甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)投(tou)資(zi)建廠。2005年(nian)(nian)又通(tong)過以(yi)(yi)商(shang)招商(shang)的形(xing)(xing)式吸引(yin)來(lai)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)炒(chao)貨排行第(di)一的華泰集團(tuan)(洽洽瓜子)來(lai)甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)做(zuo)炒(chao)貨深加工(gong)(gong)。甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政府(fu)把葵(kui)(kui)花(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)富民強縣(xian)(xian)(xian)的優(you)(you)勢(shi)主(zhu)導產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)得以(yi)(yi)實現,并(bing)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)+科研(yan)+基(ji)地(農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan))的發展模式。甘(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)南(nan)(nan)葵(kui)(kui)花(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)發展農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)品牌為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)先(xian)鋒,以(yi)(yi)科研(yan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)礎(chu),以(yi)(yi)公司為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)龍(long)頭(tou),以(yi)(yi)向(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體,以(yi)(yi)市(shi)(shi)場為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)導向(xiang)(xiang),形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),基(ji)地化發展,龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)牽(qian)動,內引(yin)外(wai)聯拓(tuo)寬市(shi)(shi)場的產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)鏈條。
三.地域范圍
甘南(nan)葵花籽主(zhu)要分布(bu)在齊齊哈爾市(shi)(shi)甘南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)甘南(nan)鎮、中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、長(chang)山鄉(xiang)(xiang)、音河鎮、興(xing)隆(long)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、寶山鄉(xiang)(xiang)、平(ping)陽鎮、東(dong)陽鎮、巨寶鎮、查哈陽鄉(xiang)(xiang),地域保護(hu)范(fan)圍面積35000公頃,其中(zhong)(zhong)葵花生產面積為15000公頃,年產量12萬噸。。地處(chu)東(dong)經122°54′?6″--124°28′12″,北(bei)緯47°25′7″—48°32′5″,東(dong)鄰嫩(nen)江、諾敏河與內(nei)蒙古的(de)莫旗及(ji)我省富裕、訥河相(xiang)望(wang),南(nan)與齊齊哈爾市(shi)(shi)區(qu)及(ji)龍江為鄰,西北(bei)以成吉(ji)思汗(han)邊壕與內(nei)蒙阿榮(rong)旗和布(bu)旗為界(jie)。全縣(xian)(xian)轄五(wu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)五(wu)鎮,95個(ge)行政(zheng)村,611個(ge)自然屯(tun),37萬人。幅(fu)員面積4792平(ping)方公里,其中(zhong)(zhong):耕地278萬畝,草原112萬畝,可供開發的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)面8.4萬畝。全縣(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)草豐(feng)盛(sheng)純凈,空氣清(qing)新(xin),主(zhu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源的(de)嫩(nen)江干(gan)流源于大興(xing)安(an)嶺,無(wu)污(wu)染(ran)源,水(shui)(shui)(shui)質好,水(shui)(shui)(shui)量充沛。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)外在感官(guan)特征(zheng):劃(hua)定區域范圍內的(de)葵花籽(zi)為食用型(xing)葵花籽(zi),百粒重130g以(yi)上、籽(zi)仁率53%以(yi)上。籽(zi)實(shi)長錐型(xing)、色澤(ze)明亮、飽滿性(xing)好,空殼少,種(zhong)皮多為白(bai)黑條(tiao)紋,管狀花脫(tuo)落部(bu)位有空隙便于嗑食,嗑食時果皮容易開裂為長條(tiao)型(xing),不(bu)易破碎。熟制后口感酥脆(cui)、香氣純正,籽(zi)實(shi)外觀(guan)均勻一致,是(shi)做炒貨的(de)優質 原料。
(2)內在(zai)品質(zhi)(zhi)指標(biao):甘南葵花籽含(han)(han)(han)有豐富的(de)粗(cu)(cu)脂(zhi)(zhi)肪(fang)、粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)、粗(cu)(cu)纖(xian)維、礦物質(zhi)(zhi)和(he)維生素E。其中(zhong)粗(cu)(cu)脂(zhi)(zhi)肪(fang)和(he)粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)配比適中(zhong),既(ji)保(bao)障了(le)營養平衡(heng)配比,同(tong)時也保(bao)障了(le)休閑食(shi)品的(de)良好(hao)口感。每100kg葵花籽實產(chan)品中(zhong),粗(cu)(cu)脂(zhi)(zhi)肪(fang)含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)42%、粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)23%、粗(cu)(cu)纖(xian)維含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)1%、礦物質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)1%(其中(zhong)鉀含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)700mg/100g,鐵含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)4mg/100g,磷含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)750mg/100g)、氨基酸含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)25%(其中(zhong)谷氨酸含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)6%)、維生素E含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)5mg/100g。
(3)安全要求(qiu):產(chan)(chan)地環境符合NY5332-2006無公害食(shi)(shi)品。大田作(zuo)物產(chan)(chan)地環境技術條件(jian),產(chan)(chan)品安全衛生(sheng)指標優于國家標準。整(zheng)個生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)均按照我市(shi)制定的無公害生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術規程(cheng)進行生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)管理,產(chan)(chan)品檢測符合NY5319-2006無公害食(shi)(shi)品瓜子標準要求(qiu)。
五.特定生產方式
(1)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植技(ji)術規(gui)程 ①范圍 本規(gui)程適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)甘南縣無(wu)公(gong)害綠色食品(pin)向(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)生(sheng)產(chan),規(gui)定(ding)了向(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)生(sheng)產(chan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)處理(li)、選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)茬(cha)、整地(di)(di)(di)(di)、施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、田間管(guan)理(li)及(ji)收(shou)獲貯藏、產(chan)品(pin)質量等技(ji) 術要求(qiu)。 ②產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)環境條件 產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)環境條件應符合NY/T391要求(qiu)。 A氣候 無(wu)霜期(qi)125天(tian)以(yi)上(shang),年(nian)(nian)活動積溫2500℃以(yi)上(shang),年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)量450mm以(yi)上(shang)。 B土(tu)壤(rang)(rang) 產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)元素(su)位于(yu)(yu)背(bei)景值正(zheng)常區域,周圍沒有金屬或(huo)(huo)(huo)非金屬礦山(shan),無(wu)農藥(yao) 殘留污(wu)染,具有較高(gao)(gao)(gao)的土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力,耕性(xing)良好(hao),土(tu)層深(shen)(shen)厚(hou),排水(shui)良好(hao),地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)平川漫崗,有機(ji)質含量3.5%以(yi)上(shang),PH值為(wei)6.5—7.5。 ③產(chan)量構成指(zhi)標:每(mei)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)收(shou)向(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)盤(pan)19000—20000個。單盤(pan)實(shi)粒數1079—1168個。百粒重13.6—14.0g。 ④種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)處理(li) 品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze):甘葵(kui)二號(hao)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)純度(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)低(di)于(yu)(yu)98%,凈度(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)低(di)于(yu)(yu)98%,發芽率不(bu)(bu)低(di)于(yu)(yu)90%,含水(shui)量不(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)12%。播(bo)前(qian)10天(tian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)發芽試驗(yan)。播(bo)前(qian)4—5天(tian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)工(gong)精選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi),并曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2—3天(tian)。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有效(xiao)鋅(xin)每(mei)千克小于(yu)(yu)0.5mg/kg時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),補硫(liu)(liu)酸鋅(xin)1.5kg/畝。 ⑤選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)茬(cha)與整地(di)(di)(di)(di) 選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)耕層深(shen)(shen)厚(hou)、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力較高(gao)(gao)(gao)、保水(shui)保肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)及(ji)排水(shui)良好(hao)的地(di)(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)。優(you)先選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)小麥、玉(yu)米、馬鈴薯茬(cha),輪(lun)作期(qi)限5—7年(nian)(nian)。秋翻起壟,耕深(shen)(shen)20--23cm,達(da)到(dao)無(wu)漏耕、無(wu)立(li)垡、無(wu)坷垃(la)、及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夾(jia)施(shi)(shi)農肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)起壟,耕后(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鎮(zhen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya),壟距70--75cm。 ⑥施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 結合整地(di)(di)(di)(di)每(mei)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)腐熟(shu)優(you)質農肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)30—45立(li)方米、施(shi)(shi)入經(jing)批準使用(yong)(yong)的適(shi)量的綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。每(mei)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)100—150kg尿(niao)素(su)于(yu)(yu)葵(kui)花(hua)現蕾期(qi)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),杜絕用(yong)(yong)硝態氮(dan)。每(mei)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)磷酸二銨187.5kg結合整地(di)(di)(di)(di)做(zuo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)底(di)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)入。每(mei)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)硫(liu)(liu)酸鉀35--50kg做(zuo)底(di)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)硼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)拌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)用(yong)(yong)硼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)7.5kg(硫(liu)(liu)酸鉀中氧化鉀含量大(da)于(yu)(yu)或(huo)(huo)(huo)等于(yu)(yu)50%)。 ⑦播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)了躲過結實(shi)期(qi)的降雨(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)峰,降低(di)菌核病(bing)發病(bing)率,減少危害,一般在5月 10—15日(ri)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)含水(shui)量低(di)于(yu)(yu)20%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的地(di)(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)坐(zuo)(zuo)水(shui)埯種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)22%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)直(zhi)接(jie)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。播(bo)深(shen)(shen)5—7厘米,做(zuo)到(dao)深(shen)(shen)淺一致,覆土(tu)均勻(yun),鎮(zhen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)后(hou)(hou)達(da)到(dao)4—5厘米。公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)保苗19000—20000株。埯種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)播(bo)后(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鎮(zhen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya);坐(zuo)(zuo)水(shui)埯種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)隔(ge)日(ri)鎮(zhen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya),機(ji)械播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)隨(sui)(sui)播(bo)隨(sui)(sui)鎮(zhen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya),做(zuo)到(dao)不(bu)(bu)漏壓(ya)(ya)(ya)、不(bu)(bu)拖堆(dui)(dui)(dui)。 ⑧田間管(guan)理(li) 出(chu)苗后(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)查田,發現地(di)(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)缺(que)苗斷條時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),立(li)即定(ding)向(xiang)坐(zuo)(zuo)水(shui)帶土(tu)補栽(zai)。一對真葉(xie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間苗,兩對真葉(xie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)定(ding)苗。出(chu)苗后(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)鏟前(qian)深(shen)(shen)松或(huo)(huo)(huo)趟(tang)一犁(li)。視土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)墑情于(yu)(yu)葵(kui)花(hua)現蕾期(qi)至花(hua)期(qi)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灌(guan)溉(gai)。鏟頭(tou)遍(bian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)后(hou)(hou),每(mei)隔(ge)10天(tian)左右鏟趟(tang)一次,做(zuo)到(dao)三(san)鏟三(san)趟(tang)。輔助授粉(fen)(fen),增放(fang)蜂(feng)源,每(mei)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)放(fang)蜂(feng)兩箱(xiang)或(huo)(huo)(huo)人(ren)工(gong)輔助受粉(fen)(fen)。 ⑨病(bing)蟲(chong)害防(fang)(fang)治 防(fang)(fang)治向(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)螟:當向(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)螟成蟲(chong)盛(sheng)發期(qi)每(mei)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)用(yong)(yong)赤眼蜂(feng)卡90個,間隔(ge)3天(tian)分(fen)兩期(qi)均勻(yun)分(fen)布(bu),用(yong)(yong)曲別針別在葉(xie)片的背(bei)部(bu),利用(yong)(yong)赤眼蜂(feng)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)寄生(sheng)葵(kui)螟蟲(chong)卵。菌核病(bing)防(fang)(fang)治:畝用(yong)(yong)50%乙稀菌核利每(mei)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)750g噴霧。 ⑩收(shou)獲 莖稈、花(hua)盤(pan)背(bei)部(bu)變黃(huang)褐色,舌(she)狀花(hua)凋萎(wei)(wei),筒狀花(hua)枯萎(wei)(wei),籽實(shi)外(wai)殼(ke)變硬,現本色時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)收(shou)獲。收(shou)盤(pan)后(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)脫(tuo)粒,嚴防(fang)(fang)大(da)堆(dui)(dui)(dui)堆(dui)(dui)(dui)放(fang)捂籽。脫(tuo)粒后(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)晾(liang)曬(shai)脫(tuo)水(shui),嚴防(fang)(fang)捂堆(dui)(dui)(dui)。水(shui)分(fen)低(di)于(yu)(yu)12%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),凈度(du)(du)達(da)95%時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),入庫保存(cun)或(huo)(huo)(huo)銷售(shou)。
(2)初(chu)級加(jia)工(gong)規程 原料預處理--振篩--煮制(zhi)--炕制(zhi)--復烤--外(wai)噴香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)精(jing)(jing)--精(jing)(jing)揀--包(bao)裝 ①振篩 A標(biao)準籽(zi)(zi)(zi):大(da)(da)小、色(se)(se)(se)澤(ze)均一,顆粒飽滿,氣(qi)味(wei)(wei)(wei)正常。小籽(zi)(zi)(zi)≤6%,癟(bie)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)≤1%,雜質(zhi)≤1%,霉變(bian)≤4%,無(wu)(wu)(wu)霉變(bian)結團現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang);B小籽(zi)(zi)(zi):無(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)籽(zi)(zi)(zi) 標(biao)準籽(zi)(zi)(zi)≤2% 小籽(zi)(zi)(zi)≤5%;C癟(bie)籽(zi)(zi)(zi):無(wu)(wu)(wu)標(biao)準籽(zi)(zi)(zi)、無(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)籽(zi)(zi)(zi);D千粒重:130g以(yi)上。 ②煮制(zhi) 瓜(gua)子殼白色(se)(se)(se)斑紋上色(se)(se)(se)并呈棕(zong)灰色(se)(se)(se),含水量(liang)45%以(yi)上,瓜(gua)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)表(biao)面(mian)脫皮(pi)(pi)(pi)現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)大(da)(da)于1/10,入味(wei)(wei)(wei)充(chong)分,甜(tian)(tian)咸適中,無(wu)(wu)(wu)發(fa)酸、發(fa)苦現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang),無(wu)(wu)(wu)異(yi)味(wei)(wei)(wei)。 ③炕制(zhi)色(se)(se)(se)澤(ze)正常,甜(tian)(tian)咸適中,無(wu)(wu)(wu)焦糊味(wei)(wei)(wei),火侯(hou)偏(pian)老(lao)≤1%,皮(pi)(pi)(pi)軟≤5%,粘(zhan)牙(ya)(ya)(ya)≤20%。 ④復烤 香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)精(jing)(jing)味(wei)(wei)(wei)噴撒均勻,復烤后(hou)的瓜(gua)子無(wu)(wu)(wu)焦糊味(wei)(wei)(wei),偏(pian)老(lao)≤3%,皮(pi)(pi)(pi)軟≤0.5%,粘(zhan) 牙(ya)(ya)(ya)≤3%,甜(tian)(tian)咸適度,有(you)(you)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)瓜(gua)子特有(you)(you)的香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)味(wei)(wei)(wei)。 ⑤精(jing)(jing)選 A顏色(se)(se)(se):色(se)(se)(se)澤(ze)一致,基(ji)本(ben)保(bao)持葵花籽(zi)(zi)(zi)原有(you)(you)色(se)(se)(se)澤(ze)。 B形態:顆粒齊(qi)(qi)整(zheng),大(da)(da)小均勻,籽(zi)(zi)(zi)粒飽滿。 C籽(zi)(zi)(zi)仁:呈牙(ya)(ya)(ya)黃色(se)(se)(se)。 D口(kou)味(wei)(wei)(wei):口(kou)感酥脆、甜(tian)(tian)咸味(wei)(wei)(wei)適中,香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)氣(qi)純正、無(wu)(wu)(wu)異(yi)味(wei)(wei)(wei)。焦黃色(se)(se)(se)、焦糊味(wei)(wei)(wei)、口(kou)感發(fa)硬(ying)、皮(pi)(pi)(pi)軟、粘(zhan)牙(ya)(ya)(ya)、香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)氣(qi)不(bu)(bu)協調、偏(pian)咸、偏(pian)甜(tian)(tian)、有(you)(you)苦味(wei)(wei)(wei)、酸味(wei)(wei)(wei)、澀(se)味(wei)(wei)(wei)、口(kou)感單薄的為(wei)不(bu)(bu)合格品(pin)。 E合格品(pin)的具體(ti)質(zhi)量(liang)指標(biao)要求如(ru)下: 千粒重≥130g;蟲眼≤0.1%;霉變(bian)≤4%小籽(zi)(zi)(zi)≤10%;癟(bie)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)≤1%;殘損(sun): 無(wu)(wu)(wu); 皮(pi)(pi)(pi)軟≤0.5%;粘(zhan)牙(ya)(ya)(ya)≤3%;焦糊味(wei)(wei)(wei):無(wu)(wu)(wu);火侯(hou)偏(pian)老(lao)≤1%;口(kou)感發(fa)硬(ying)≤10%;脫皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(超過整(zheng)個瓜(gua)子面(mian)1/3)≤4%。 ⑥包(bao)裝 A計量(liang):應符合公司(si)允許的稱量(liang)范圍; B封口(kou):整(zheng)齊(qi)(qi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)外(wai)露現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang),袋(dai)內氣(qi)體(ti)應熱排出,袋(dai)身無(wu)(wu)(wu)鼓脹現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang),無(wu)(wu)(wu)燙化、虛封、皺折、夾(jia)卡(ka)現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang);瓜(gua)子的溫度必(bi)須(xu)低(di)于40℃方可包(bao)裝; C印(yin)章:印(yin)章必(bi)須(xu)在(zai)指定位置,平行(xing)整(zheng)齊(qi)(qi),不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)出現(xian)歪斜(xie)、倒刻(ke)、漏(lou)(lou)刻(ke)及錯刻(ke)現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang); D噴碼:字體(ti)不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)有(you)(you)歪斜(xie)、變(bian)形現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang),不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)漏(lou)(lou)噴,字體(ti)大(da)(da)小,間距統一; E箱(xiang)內外(wai)規格、生(sheng)產日期(qi)(qi)必(bi)須(xu)相符,統一,不(bu)(bu)同(tong)日期(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)混裝; F箱(xiang)體(ti)封口(kou)平整(zheng),松緊(jin)適中。
六.包裝標識相關規定
地(di)域范圍內的生產(chan)(chan)經營(ying)企業要(yao)按照《農產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理標(biao)(biao)志公共標(biao)(biao)識使(shi)用(yong)規(gui)范》的要(yao)求和(he)農業部農產(chan)(chan)品質量安全中心公共標(biao)(biao)識授權規(gui)定,在(zai)(zai)產(chan)(chan)品或產(chan)(chan)品包裝上正確使(shi)用(yong)全國統一的公共標(biao)(biao)識。應建立標(biao)(biao)識使(shi)用(yong)管理制(zhi)度,對標(biao)(biao)識的使(shi)用(yong)情況如(ru)實記錄,登(deng)記造冊并存檔,存期三年。葵(kui)花籽在(zai)(zai)運輸(shu)的過程中要(yao)遵守有關規(gui)定,運輸(shu)要(yao)合理。