一、伺服系統是什么意思

伺服系統（servomechanism）又稱隨(sui)動(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，是(shi)用(yong)來(lai)(lai)精確地(di)跟(gen)隨(sui)或復現某(mou)個(ge)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)饋(kui)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。伺服系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)使物體的(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置、方(fang)位(wei)(wei)、狀態等輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)被控(kong)量能夠跟(gen)隨(sui)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)目標（或給定(ding)值(zhi)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)任意變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。它的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)任務是(shi)按控(kong)制(zhi)命(ming)令的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求、對(dui)功率進行放(fang)大、變換與調控(kong)等處理，使驅動(dong)裝置輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)力矩、速度(du)(du)(du)和(he)位(wei)(wei)置控(kong)制(zhi)非(fei)常靈活方(fang)便。在很多情況下，伺服系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)專指被控(kong)制(zhi)量（系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)量）是(shi)機(ji)械(xie)位(wei)(wei)移或位(wei)(wei)移速度(du)(du)(du)、加速度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)饋(kui)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，其作用(yong)是(shi)使輸(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械(xie)位(wei)(wei)移（或轉(zhuan)角）準確地(di)跟(gen)蹤(zong)(zong)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)移（或轉(zhuan)角），其結構組成和(he)其他(ta)形式的(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)饋(kui)控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)沒(mei)有(you)原則上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)區別。伺服系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)最初用(yong)于(yu)國防軍工，如火炮的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)，船(chuan)艦、飛機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)駕駛，導彈發射等，后來(lai)(lai)逐(zhu)漸推廣到國民經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)許多部門，如自動(dong)機(ji)床、無線跟(gen)蹤(zong)(zong)控(kong)制(zhi)等。

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二、伺服系統由哪幾個部分組成

伺服系統(tong)(tong)主(zhu)要由三部分(fen)組成(cheng)：控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)，功(gong)率(lv)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)。控(kong)(kong)制器(qi)按照數控(kong)(kong)系統(tong)(tong)的給定值和(he)通過反饋裝置(zhi)(zhi)檢測的實際運(yun)行值的差，調節(jie)控(kong)(kong)制量；功(gong)率(lv)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)作為(wei)系統(tong)(tong)的主(zhu)回路，一(yi)方面按控(kong)(kong)制量的大(da)小將電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)能作用到電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)之(zhi)上，調節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)轉矩的大(da)小，另一(yi)方面按電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)的要求把(ba)恒壓恒頻的電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)所需的交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)則按供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)大(da)小拖(tuo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)械(xie)運(yun)轉。

三、伺服系統的主要作用

1、以小功(gong)(gong)率指令信(xin)號(hao)去控制大功(gong)(gong)率負載。

2、在沒有機械連接的(de)(de)情況下，由輸入軸控(kong)制位于(yu)遠處(chu)的(de)(de)輸出軸，實現遠距(ju)同步傳動。

3、使輸出機械位移精(jing)確(que)地跟(gen)蹤電信號，如記(ji)錄和指示儀表等(deng)。