萊蕪生姜有兩千多(duo)年的種植(zhi)歷史,封(feng)建社會曾是朝庭的貢品。萊蕪(wu)生姜是(shi)全國(guo)名貴產品和中國(guo)蔬菜(cai)優良品種,有文字記載的(de)栽培歷史已有2000多年。在我國(guo)古代典籍中有(you)(you)(you)許(xu)多(duo)關(guan)于萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)生(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)描述(shu)(shu):《論語(yu)》中有(you)(you)(you)“不(bu)撤(che)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)食”的(de)記(ji)載,說(shuo)明(ming)春秋(qiu)戰國(guo)時(shi),齊(qi)魯(lu)食姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)已(yi)經非常(chang)普遍。《史記(ji)》貨(huo)殖列傳第(di)六十九節寫(xie)道:“若千(qian)(qian)畝(mu)卮茜,千(qian)(qian)畦姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)韭,此其人皆于千(qian)(qian)戶侯等(deng)”,也就是說(shuo),如果一(yi)個(ge)人種(zhong)了(le)一(yi)千(qian)(qian)畦姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),其富裕程度可以(yi)與(yu)當時(shi)的(de)千(qian)(qian)戶侯相比。根據《萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)縣志》的(de)記(ji)載,宣(xuan)統年間(jian)(jian),萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)就已(yi)經把生(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)列入了(le)納稅科目。當時(shi)萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)境內就已(yi)經種(zhong)植生(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)2000畝(mu),畝(mu)產1000斤(jin),主要依(yi)靠“擔挑牲畜馱或小車裝運”到濟南、天津等(deng)地銷(xiao)售。萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)種(zhong)植生(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)經驗比較(jiao)豐(feng)富,《齊(qi)民(min)要術(shu)》中有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)節專述(shu)(shu)種(zhong)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。《萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)縣志》中也有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)于生(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)播種(zhong)與(yu)收獲日(ri)期的(de)列表,“最(zui)(zui)早(zao)播種(zhong)時(shi)節為四月(yue)下旬至(zhi)谷雨節,最(zui)(zui)遲為五月(yue)上旬至(zhi)立夏節;最(zui)(zui)早(zao)收獲期為十月(yue)上旬至(zhi)寒露節,最(zui)(zui)遲為十月(yue)下旬至(zhi)霜降”。萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)生(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)以(yi)其姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)塊(kuai)肥大、皮薄絲(si)少(shao)、辣濃味(wei)美(mei)、色澤鮮潤而著(zhu)稱,富含多(duo)種(zhong)維生(sheng)素,既(ji)是美(mei)味(wei)品(pin),又(you)是保健品(pin),民(min)間(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)“冬夏吃生(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),不(bu)勞(lao)醫(yi)生(sheng)開藥方(fang)”之說(shuo)。
萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)雞(ji)腿(tui)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)屬(shu)山東土(tu)特產(chan)品(pin),是(shi)著名的(de)(de)“萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)三辣”之(zhi)一,是(shi)我國眾(zhong)多大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)品(pin)種(zhong)中獨具特色的(de)(de)優(you)質地(di)(di)方品(pin)種(zhong)。萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)雞(ji)腿(tui)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)種(zhong)植歷史悠久,嘉靖萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縣志、萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縣鄉土(tu)志就有(you)(you)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)的(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)載,1960年全國姜、蒜、蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)生產(chan)規(gui)劃會議(yi)在萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)召開(kai)。萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)雞(ji)腿(tui)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)2003年獲得國家原(yuan)產(chan)地(di)(di)標記(ji)(ji)注冊(ce),2013年被列為農業(ye)部農產(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標志登記(ji)(ji)保護產(chan)品(pin),地(di)(di)理(li)保護范圍(wei)涉及牛泉、高莊(zhuang)、雪野、里辛、顏莊(zhuang)等13個(ge)鎮(街道(dao)辦),總面積50000畝。雞(ji)腿(tui)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)植株矮小(xiao)、粗壯,株高60-70厘米(mi),蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)白長26-30厘米(mi),其基部顯著膨大,向上漸細并(bing)稍彎曲,形似雞(ji)腿(tui),故得名。萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)雞(ji)腿(tui)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)適應性強,抗旱、耐瘠、耐寒(han)、耐熱(re),抗病蟲,耐貯藏,生命力(li)強,有(you)(you)“根枯葉(xie)焦心不(bu)死”之(zhi)說(shuo)(shuo)。雞(ji)腿(tui)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)辛辣味濃,可(ke)生食,更宜(yi)炒食,作為生、孰、葷、素(su)菜肴常用調料尤佳,用它烹調菜肴,主佐均(jun)宜(yi),傳有(you)(you)“如吃山東菜,菜菜不(bu)離萊(lai)蕪(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)”的(de)(de)說(shuo)(shuo)法。
萊蕪大蒜種植歷史悠久,系山東省名特產之一。在《萊蕪縣志》的物產中就有蒜的記載,當時的種植經驗就比較豐富,對蒜的生長周期規定為“秋期播蒜勤為灌溉翌夏收獲”,當時的播種面積有1359畝。萊蕪大蒜分大白皮和大四瓣兩個品種,素以蒜頭蒜瓣大、蒜瓣肉質細、辣味濃香、產量高、耐貯藏等優良特性聞名。萊蕪大蒜有(you)紫皮、白皮之分,具有(you)營養(yang)豐富、味道鮮(xian)美、辛辣芳香、增(zeng)進食欲、殺菌、耐貯運(yun)等(deng)特點(dian),除冬(dong)季(ji)供應(ying)干蒜外,一年四(si)季(ji)均可供應(ying)青蒜苗、蒜黃,實現(xian)周年供應(ying)。生熟(shu)食俱佳,深受國(guo)內外消費者(zhe)好評。
萊蕪(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)歷史悠久,據考證,早在北(bei)魏時期就有栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)的記載,明代嘉靖年間開始大(da)(da)量栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi),之(zhi)后常種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)衰(shuai)。主要栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)品種(zhong)(zhong)有:香(xiang)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)子、大(da)(da)紅(hong)袍(pao)、小(xiao)紅(hong)袍(pao)、青皮椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、大(da)(da)花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)等(deng)。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)大(da)(da)紅(hong)袍(pao)花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)具有高(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)、優質(zhi)、適應(ying)性強、出(chu)皮率高(gao)(gao)、椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)皮厚(hou)實、色(se)澤鮮艷、香(xiang)味濃(nong)郁等(deng)特(te)點。椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)皮中各類(lei)揮發(fa)性芳香(xiang)物質(zhi)含量高(gao)(gao)達 9% ,不(bu)僅是(shi)提煉制作(zuo)高(gao)(gao)級食(shi)用香(xiang)精的優質(zhi)原料,而且是(shi)上等(deng)的食(shi)用調味品;花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)種(zhong)(zhong)子含油量達 30% ,榨取的花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油既可作(zuo)工業用油,也可食(shi)用;花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)皮和種(zhong)(zhong)子均可入藥(yao),具有開胃、健脾、增強體質(zhi)的功(gong)能。萊蕪(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)紅(hong)袍(pao)花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)在第三屆(jie)中國農業博(bo)覽會上被(bei)(bei)評為名(ming)(ming)牌產(chan)(chan)品。1971 年,萊蕪(wu)(wu)被(bei)(bei)列為山東省花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)商(shang)品基地縣。 1998 年萊城(cheng)區被(bei)(bei)命(ming)名(ming)(ming)為“中國花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”。全(quan)市花(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)栽(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)面積15萬畝、1600萬棵,總產(chan)(chan)1萬噸。【性狀(zhuang)】青椒 多為2~3個上(shang)部離(li)生(sheng)的小果(guo)(guo),集(ji)生(sheng)于小果(guo)(guo)梗上(shang),呈球形,沿腹縫線開裂(lie),直徑(jing)3~4mm。外表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)灰綠色(se)或暗綠色(se),散(san)胸數油點及細(xi)密的網(wang)狀(zhuang)隆(long)起皺紋;內表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)類白色(se),光滑。內果(guo)(guo)皮常(chang)由基部與(yu)外果(guo)(guo)皮分離(li)。殘(can)存種(zhong)子呈卵(luan)形,長3~4mm,直徑(jing)2~3mm,表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)黑色(se),有(you)光澤。氣香,味(wei)微甜(tian)而(er)辛。