一.產品介紹
嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)發(fa)展歷史:嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)位于黑龍江中下游,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源豐富(fu),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質好,無(wu)污染,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)有得天獨厚的(de)環境優(you)勢。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)于水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),米融于水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)成熟期產(chan)區晝夜溫差(cha)大,使(shi)嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)大米芳(fang)香爽口,是百姓餐桌上(shang)的(de)佳品。嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)發(fa)展水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)的(de)歷史很短,上(shang)世紀80年(nian)代初(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)開始試驗性生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan),但后來由于當(dang)地(di)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)旱田(tian)習慣(guan)而沒有推廣(guang)開來。1999年(nian)縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政府重(zhong)新確(que)定(ding)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)計劃,在紅光鄉燎源村(cun)引進鐵力市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)戶進行示范性生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)獲得成功(gong)。2001年(nian)縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政府把綠(lv)色水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)確(que)定(ding)為主(zhu)導產(chan)業之一,大力扶持(chi)和(he)壯大水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)業,不斷加強農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利建(jian)設,滿足水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田(tian)灌溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)需要(yao),補貼建(jian)設水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)育秧(yang)大棚,以基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)技(ji)推廣(guang)體系改革與(yu)建(jian)設為重(zhong)點,建(jian)立了(le)縣(xian)、鄉、村(cun)三級農(nong)(nong)(nong)技(ji)推廣(guang)服務網絡,大力開展農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)科技(ji)培(pei)訓(xun),向(xiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)推廣(guang)先(xian)進栽培(pei)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)和(he)優(you)良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)基(ji)(ji)本掌(zhang)握育苗、施肥、田(tian)間管(guan)理等主(zhu)要(yao)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)環節(jie),使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)量、品質逐(zhu)年(nian)提高。截止目(mu)前,全縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積(ji)達14000畝,大棚育秧(yang)面積(ji)100%,優(you)良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)覆蓋率達到95%以上(shang),近三年(nian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)平(ping)均畝產(chan)400公斤,取得了(le)良好的(de)社會和(he)經(jing)濟效益,袁隆平(ping)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)親(qin)自(zi)為嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)基(ji)(ji)地(di)題詞,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)成為嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)縣(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業的(de)三駕(jia)馬車之一。
二(er).自然生態(tai)環境(jing)和人文歷(li)史(shi)因素(su)
1.土壤(rang)地(di)貌情況:嘉蔭縣(xian)多為黑鈣土、沙(sha)壤(rang)土,pH值在6.5-7.5左右,土壤(rang)肥沃、耕性良好,嘉蔭縣(xian)地(di)勢走向(xiang)(xiang)西南高、東北低(di),小興安(an)嶺余脈呈雞(ji)爪狀向(xiang)(xiang)黑龍江邊延(yan)申,溝壑縱橫(heng)、丘(qiu)陵起(qi)伏、漫崗平原相間,西南部守虎山。
2.水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:嘉蔭(yin)縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源豐富,除黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)江流經(jing)本縣(xian)245公(gong)里之(zhi)外,直接流入黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)江大小河流有(you)(you)26條。以黑(hei)(hei)龍(long)(long)江水(shui)(shui)(shui)、地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)主要水(shui)(shui)(shui)源,水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)分別達到地(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)環境質(zhi)量GB3838的(de)一級(ji)標(biao)準和生活飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)GB5749的(de)標(biao)準。嘉蔭(yin)縣(xian)是(shi)農業縣(xian)以種植業為(wei)主,沒有(you)(you)大型工業污染企(qi)業,幾(ji)乎沒有(you)(you)污染,因此,水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源保持良好。
3.氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況:嘉蔭縣(xian)(xian)地(di)處北溫(wen)帶季風(feng)大陸氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)區(qu),由于(yu)地(di)勢和地(di)形的(de) 變化,使嘉蔭縣(xian)(xian)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)差異(yi)很大,致可分為二個小(xiao)(xiao)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)區(qu)。一是(shi)位(wei)于(yu)小(xiao)(xiao)興(xing)嶺北 坡的(de)青山鄉(xiang)、滬嘉鄉(xiang)西南部(bu)(bu)、常勝鄉(xiang)西部(bu)(bu)、烏啦嘎(ga)鎮大部(bu)(bu)、紅(hong)光鄉(xiang)西部(bu)(bu)、保興(xing)鄉(xiang)西南部(bu)(bu)屬(shu)山地(di)小(xiao)(xiao)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)區(qu)。冬季漫長寒冷、夏季短(duan)促(cu)多雨(yu)。積溫(wen)10≥1600℃左右(you),無(wu)霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)90天左右(you)、降雨(yu)量530毫米左右(you)。二是(shi)常勝鄉(xiang)東北部(bu)(bu)、烏云鎮、向陽(yang)鄉(xiang)、紅(hong)光鄉(xiang)東部(bu)(bu)、朝(chao)陽(yang)鎮、保興(xing)鄉(xiang)東部(bu)(bu)地(di)區(qu)。冬季,西伯利亞寒流長驅直(zhi)入,風(feng)大、嚴寒、干燥(zao)。無(wu)霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)120左右(you)、降雨(yu)量650毫米左右(you)。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)平均無(wu)霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)115天、年降雨(yu)量588毫米,年日照(zhao)時數(shu)2377小(xiao)(xiao)時。
4.人(ren)文歷史情(qing)況:據1992年(nian)縣(xian)(xian)志記載,嘉蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)農業發展(zhan)的歷史很(hen)短(duan)。解放前,采金工作用(yong)的糧(liang)食(shi)多數靠外進(jin)。1927年(nian)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)百多戶農民僅有(you)3000多畝(mu)(mu)(mu)耕(geng)地。解放后,農業生產發展(zhan)迅速。耕(geng)地面積(ji)由(you)1949年(nian)41700畝(mu)(mu)(mu)發展(zhan)到(dao)1985年(nian)393000畝(mu)(mu)(mu),到(dao)目前為止,嘉蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)耕(geng)地面積(ji)已達1316200畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。糧(liang)食(shi)主要作物是(shi)大(da)豆、水稻等。
三.地域范圍
嘉蔭水稻產地位于(yu)黑龍(long)江(jiang)省伊春市(shi)嘉蔭縣,縣所轄3鎮(zhen)6鄉(xiang):烏(wu)云(yun)鎮(zhen)、朝陽鎮(zhen)、烏(wu)拉嘎(ga)(ga)鎮(zhen)、常勝(sheng)鄉(xiang)、滬(hu)嘉鄉(xiang)、向陽鄉(xiang)、紅光鄉(xiang)、青(qing)山鄉(xiang)、保(bao)興鄉(xiang)。地理坐標(biao)為:東經129°09′-130°45′,北緯(wei)48°07′-49°25′,全(quan)縣平(ping)均(jun)海(hai)拔230米左右。嘉蔭縣北與(yu)俄(e)羅斯隔(ge)江(jiang)相(xiang)望,以黑龍(long)江(jiang)為界。西至常勝(sheng)、滬(hu)嘉、青(qing)山分別(bie)與(yu)遜克縣、湯旺河林區接(jie)壤,南至烏(wu)拉嘎(ga)(ga)、保(bao)興與(yu)鶴崗、蘿(luo)北接(jie)壤,區域(yu)保(bao)護(hu)面積(ji)150000公頃。生(sheng)產面積(ji)800公頃,年(nian)總產量4800噸(dun)。
四.產品品質特性特征
1.外在感官特征:水(shui)稻(dao)所生產的大米,形狀縱(zong)長(chang),長(chang)度約為(wei)0.8mm左右,寬度為(wei)0.3mm左右白色顆粒。
2.內(nei)在品質(zhi)指(zhi)標:嘉蔭水稻(dao)生(sheng)產的大(da)米營養(yang)豐富,含蛋(dan)白質(zhi)、糖類(lei)、鈣、磷(lin)、鐵、葡萄糖、果(guo)糖、麥(mai)芽糖、維生(sheng)素(su)B1、維生(sheng)素(su)B2等。
3.安全(quan)要求:嘉(jia)蔭水稻(dao)嚴(yan)格按照《嘉(jia)蔭縣無(wu)公(gong)害水稻(dao)生(sheng)產操作(zuo)技術規(gui)程》NY 5115-2002進行操作(zuo),嚴(yan)格執行肥料使用的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)NY/T 496。嚴(yan)格執行農藥使用的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)GB 4285、GB/T 8321(所有部分)。嚴(yan)格遵守《農產品質量安全(quan)法(fa)》規(gui)定。
五.特定生產方式
1.產(chan)地選擇(ze):在全(quan)縣各鄉鎮(zhen)選擇(ze)土壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)沃、耕性良(liang)好的(de)土壤(rang)(rang),應符合(he)NY 5116-2002的(de)規定。
2.品(pin)種選擇(ze):選用通過國家或地(di)方審定并(bing)在(zai)當(dang)地(di)示范成功的優質、高產品(pin)種。種子(zi)質量應符合GB4404.1的規定。選用抗蟲、抗病性(xing)強(qiang)的品(pin)種,并(bing)注意定期更換。
3.生產過(guo)程管理(li): 3.1.合(he)理(li)稀植 直播稻(dao)(dao):播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)常(chang)(chang)(chang)規稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)每667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米 3kg-4kg,雜交稻(dao)(dao)2kg-2.5kg。提倡采用(yong)生物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)衣(yi)劑包衣(yi)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子,以防地下害(hai)蟲危(wei)害(hai)。要求注意播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)量(liang),確保全苗(miao)。播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)出苗(miao)后應(ying)及時(shi)疏(shu)密補空。移栽(zai)稻(dao)(dao):早、晚稻(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植密度常(chang)(chang)(chang)規稻(dao)(dao)一般為(wei)(wei)(wei)每667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米2萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每穴(xue)(xue)3本(ben)-4本(ben),雜交稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)每667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米 1.5萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)-2.0萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每穴(xue)(xue)1本(ben)-2本(ben);單(dan)季稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)每667 平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米 1.2萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)-1.7萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue),常(chang)(chang)(chang)規稻(dao)(dao)每穴(xue)(xue)3本(ben)-4本(ben),雜交稻(dao)(dao)1本(ben)-2本(ben)。提倡寬行窄株或(huo)(huo)寬窄行種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植,移栽(zai)規格(ge)(ge)早、晚稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)25.0cm×13.3cm-16.7cm或(huo)(huo)(33.3cm+16.7cm)×13.3cm-16.7cm,即(ji)行距(ju)(ju)25.0cm,株距(ju)(ju)13.3cm-16.7cm或(huo)(huo)寬行33.3cm、窄行16.7cm、株距(ju)(ju)13.3cm-16.7cm;單(dan)降稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)25cm-30cm×16.7cm或(huo)(huo)(33.3cm+16.7cm)×16.7cm。超級稻(dao)(dao)優(you)質(zhi)稻(dao)(dao)起畦超稀植栽(zai)培(pei),移栽(zai)規格(ge)(ge)33.3cm×20.0cm-25.0cm,每667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米0.8萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)-1.0萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每穴(xue)(xue)2本(ben)。
3.2.平衡施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei) 有(you)機(ji)(ji)、無(wu)機(ji)(ji)結合,氮(dan)、磷(lin)、鉀配(pei)(pei)(pei)合施(shi)(shi)用:提倡測土配(pei)(pei)(pei)方施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),一般(ban)有(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)占總(zong)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)(liang)的30%以上,氮(dan)∶磷(lin)∶鉀(N∶五氧化(hua)二(er)磷(lin)∶氧化(hua)鉀)一般(ban)為1∶0.5∶1。嚴格控制(zhi)施(shi)(shi)氮(dan)和(he)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)總(zong)量(liang)(liang):每667 平方米大(da)田(tian)(tian)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)總(zong)量(liang)(liang)為早(zao)、晚稻(dao)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)純(chun)氮(dan)(N)8 kg-12kg,磷(lin)(五氧化(hua)二(er)磷(lin))4 kg-5kg,鉀(氧化(hua)鉀)8 kg-12kg,單季稻(dao)控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)純(chun)氮(dan)(N)12 kg-15 kg、磷(lin)(五氧化(hua)二(er)磷(lin))6kg-7kg、鉀(氧化(hua)鉀)12kg-15kg,施(shi)(shi)硫酸鋅1kg-2kg。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)方法:施(shi)(shi)足基(ji)面(mian)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),適施(shi)(shi)分(fen)蘗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)穗(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。一般(ban)氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)用50%~70%作基(ji)面(mian)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),20%-30%作分(fen)蘗肥(fei)(fei)(fei),10%-20%作穗(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei);磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)全部作基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)用;鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)基(ji)、蘗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)各(ge)占50%。也可采用一次性全層施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),將專用復配(pei)(pei)(pei)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)平田(tian)(tian)時一次性施(shi)(shi)入(ru)耕作層土壤,但在(zai)(zai)(zai)砂壤田(tian)(tian)不宜采用。
3.3.合(he)理灌(guan)溉 灌(guan)溉水質要求:應符合(he)NY 5116-2002的規定。灌(guan)溉方法:返青期(qi)保持淺(qian)(qian)水層,分蘗期(qi)濕潤灌(guan)溉,苗(miao)數(shu)(shu)達到穗(sui)數(shu)(shu)的80%-90%時開始露田(tian)和曬田(tian),采取多次輕(qing)曬,以控制無效分蘗,促進(jin)根(gen)系下扎生長和壯(zhuang)稈健株。穗(sui)分化后(hou)灌(guan)水并(bing)保持淺(qian)(qian)水層至抽(chou)穗(sui)揚花期(qi)。灌(guan)漿成熟期(qi)間歇灌(guan)溉、干濕交替(ti)。收(shou)獲前7天左右(you)斷水。
3.4.有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)控(kong)治技(ji)術(shu) 農業防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治:選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)抗性強的(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)。品種(zhong)定(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)輪換,保持(chi)品種(zhong)抗性,減(jian)輕病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)合理(li)耕作(zuo)制度、輪作(zuo)換茬、種(zhong)養(yang)(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)鴨、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)魚、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)蟹(xie)等)結(jie)合、健身(shen)栽培等農藝措施(shi)(shi),減(jian)少有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治:通(tong)過選(xuan)擇(ze)對天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di)(di)殺(sha)(sha)傷力(li)小的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)、低(di)毒(du)性代(dai)學農藥(yao),避開自然(ran)天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di)(di)對農藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)敏感時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi),創造(zao)適宜自然(ran)天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di)(di)繁(fan)殖(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)等措施(shi)(shi),保持(chi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di)(di);利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)及(ji)(ji)(ji)釋放天(tian)(tian)(tian)敵(di)(di)控(kong)制有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。物(wu)理(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治:采用(yong)(yong)(yong)黑光燈(deng)、震頻式(shi)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)燈(deng)、色光板(ban)等物(wu)理(li)裝(zhuang)置誘(you)殺(sha)(sha)鱗翅目、同翅目害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)。藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(病(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai)(hai)):稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)(bing)(bing)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15790的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),當稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心病(bing)(bing)(bing)團出現(xian)時(shi)(shi)(shi),每(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)三(san)環唑(zuo)20g-25g或(huo)(huo)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟靈28g-40g噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)紋枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15791的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)分蘗(bo)至(zhi)孕穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)、抽(chou)穗(sui)期(qi)(qi),當分蘗(bo)期(qi)(qi)叢發(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)率(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)15%~20%、孕穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)30%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi),每(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)井崗霉素(su)10g-12.5g加水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)1-2次(ci),低(di)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)指標(biao)可以(yi)(yi)不施(shi)(shi)農藥(yao)。白葉(xie)(xie)(xie)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)白葉(xie)(xie)(xie)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)常發(fa)(fa)區,于(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)初期(qi)(qi)每(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)枯(ku)唑(zuo)30g-40g加水(shui)(shui)50 kg噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治;尤其在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大風、暴雨、洪澇等災害(hai)(hai)(hai)之后(hou),水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片受(shou)到損傷,應及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)述(shu)藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji),防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止病(bing)(bing)(bing)情暴發(fa)(fa)。惡苗病(bing)(bing)(bing)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)抗二(er)硫氰基甲烷或(huo)(huo)咪鮮胺溶液浸(jin)種(zhong)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)曲(qu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)孕穗(sui)中(zhong)(zhong)、后(hou)期(qi)(qi)每(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)井崗霉素(su)10g-12.5g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50 kg對穗(sui)部(bu)(bu)進行(xing)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)。藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)):二(er)化(hua)(hua)螟(ming)(ming)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15792及(ji)(ji)(ji)NY/T 59的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)苗枯(ku)鞘高(gao)峰期(qi)(qi),每(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)雙36g-45g或(huo)(huo)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)單45g-55g或(huo)(huo)三(san)唑(zuo)磷20g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu),但蠶(can)桑養(yang)殖(zhi)地區不宜使用(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)雙、殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)單。三(san)化(hua)(hua)螟(ming)(ming)根據(ju)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)情預報,掌握(wo)(wo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)螟(ming)(ming)卵孵化(hua)(hua)初盛期(qi)(qi),每(mei)667 平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)卵塊(kuai)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)量(liang)(liang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)50塊(kuai)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)田(tian)塊(kuai)進行(xing)藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治,藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)種(zhong)類同二(er)化(hua)(hua)螟(ming)(ming)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)飛虱(shi)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15794的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),當百(bai)(bai)叢蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)達1500頭(tou)-2000頭(tou),每(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)噻嗪酮7g-10g或(huo)(huo)吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)啉1.5g-2g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50 kg,針對稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)株(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)下部(bu)(bu)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)縱卷葉(xie)(xie)(xie)螟(ming)(ming)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)GB/T 15793的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),掌握(wo)(wo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)主害(hai)(hai)(hai)代(dai)1、2齡幼蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)盛發(fa)(fa)期(qi)(qi)(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)初卷期(qi)(qi))。當分蘗(bo)期(qi)(qi)百(bai)(bai)叢幼蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)65頭(tou)-85頭(tou)、孕穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)40頭(tou)-60頭(tou)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi),進行(xing)藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治,藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)雙、殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)單;此(ci)外,也可用(yong)(yong)(yong)毒(du)死蜱32g-40g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)株(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)、上(shang)(shang)部(bu)(bu)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)薊馬在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苗期(qi)(qi)出現(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)尖卷曲(qu)率(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)10%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)、百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)300頭(tou)-500頭(tou)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)雙27g-36g或(huo)(huo)丁硫克百(bai)(bai)威或(huo)(huo)吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)啉1.5g-2g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)。雜(za)草(cao)(cao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治:秧田(tian)雜(za)草(cao)(cao)于(yu)(yu)播(bo)種(zhong)后(hou)0-10d,每(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)草(cao)(cao)丹乳(ru)油100g-125g、禾草(cao)(cao)敵(di)(di)乳(ru)油96g-140g或(huo)(huo)丁草(cao)(cao)胺30g或(huo)(huo)芐嘧(mi)(mi)磺隆1.5g-2g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)30kg噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)。移栽前雜(za)草(cao)(cao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)移栽前2d-10d,每(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)百(bai)(bai)草(cao)(cao)枯(ku)20g-40g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg細噴(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu),殺(sha)(sha)滅田(tian)間雜(za)草(cao)(cao)。本田(tian)雜(za)草(cao)(cao)于(yu)(yu)移栽后(hou)5d-10d,每(mei)667平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)禾草(cao)(cao)丹乳(ru)油100g-125g或(huo)(huo)吡(bi)嘧(mi)(mi)磺隆6.25g或(huo)(huo)田(tian)草(cao)(cao)光(芐嘧(mi)(mi)磺隆與丁草(cao)(cao)胺復(fu)配劑(ji)(ji)(ji))25g-30g拌化(hua)(hua)肥或(huo)(huo)細泥土30kg撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)。
4.產品收獲:實行(xing)無公害稻(dao)谷與普通稻(dao)谷分收、分曬(shai)。禁止在(zai)公路(lu)、瀝青路(lu)面及粉塵污(wu)染嚴重(zhong)的地方脫粒、曬(shai)谷。
5.生產記(ji)錄:對嘉蔭水稻(dao)生產的全過程(cheng),要建立(li)田間(jian)生產技術(shu)檔案,全面(mian)記(ji)載(zai),以備查閱。
六.包裝標識相關(guan)規(gui)定
嘉(jia)蔭水稻收獲后,脫粒進行(xing)包裝,在(zai)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)過程中:運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)工具應清潔、干燥(zao)(zao)(zao)、有(you)(you)防雨設(she)施。嚴禁與(yu)有(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)腐(fu)蝕性(xing)、有(you)(you)異(yi)(yi)味的物(wu)品(pin)混運(yun)(yun)。在(zai)避光、常(chang)溫、干燥(zao)(zao)(zao)和有(you)(you)防潮(chao)設(she)施的地(di)方貯(zhu)(zhu)藏。貯(zhu)(zhu)藏設(she)施應清潔、干燥(zao)(zao)(zao)、通(tong)風、無蟲害和鼠(shu)害。嚴禁與(yu)有(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)腐(fu)蝕性(xing)、易發(fa)霉(mei)、發(fa)潮(chao)、有(you)(you)異(yi)(yi)味的物(wu)品(pin)混存。產(chan)品(pin)使用(yong)“嘉(jia)蔭水稻”農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理(li)標志。