鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的區別 鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)哪(na)個好(hao)

鋰電池和鎳氫電池的區別

鋰電(dian)池(chi)和鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)區別主要在于(yu)，鋰電(dian)池(chi)在手機上使用比較(jiao)適合，但(dan)在數(shu)字相(xiang)機上，由于(yu)電(dian)流(liu)量的(de)需求相(xiang)當(dang)大(da)，而且耗電(dian)量也比手機大(da)很(hen)多，所以使用鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)要更好一些。

鋰電池的優缺點

優(you)點： 無記憶效應，重量較(jiao)輕。

缺(que)點： 成(cheng)本高，電流(liu)較小，不耐過飽(bao)充(chong)(與鎳氫比較) 。

鋰電(dian)池有一次(ci)(ci)鋰電(dian)(不可充電(dian))與(yu)二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)鋰電(dian)(可充電(dian))，二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)鋰電(dian)又分(fen)Li-ion 鋰離子電(dian)池與(yu)Li-Polymer 鋰聚(ju)合物(wu)電(dian)池。

一(yi)般數字(zi)相機使用(yong)二次鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian))，與鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池相比，重量(liang)較(jiao)輕(qing)，體積能量(liang)密度比卻高出48％。正因為如(ru)此, 鋰(li)離子二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池生產和銷售量(liang)正逐漸超過(guo)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。 這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池自我放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)小，又沒有記(ji)憶效應，充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次數可(ke)達600次以上(shang)，特別是近年來才開發(fa)出來的(de)Li-Polymer鋰(li)聚合物(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，除體積更小，還(huan)不受一(yi)般電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池圓(yuan)柱或方(fang)形外型限制，重量(liang)也(ye)更輕(qing)。

鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)因不(bu)(bu)耐過飽充(chong)，如果使用不(bu)(bu)慎會(hui)有(you)(you)爆炸的危險(xian)，因此需(xu)內建控制IC，防(fang)止過飽充(chong)，但成本也相對提高(gao)許多。鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)由于(yu)規格并沒有(you)(you)統一(yi),所以會(hui)有(you)(you)機種停產后(hou)買不(bu)(bu)到(dao)電(dian)池(chi)的情形。不(bu)(bu)過目前已經改善很多。

鎳氫電池的優缺點

優點： 價格低，通用性強，電流(liu)大，環保穩定。

缺點(dian)： 重(zhong)量大(da)，電(dian)池壽命較短。

鎳(nie)氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的設計源(yuan)于鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，但(dan)在改善鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的記憶效應上(shang)，有極大的進展(zhan)。其主要的改變，在以儲氫(qing)(qing)合金取(qu)代負極原來使(shi)用之鎘(ge)，因此鎳(nie)氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可以說是(shi)材料革新的典型代表。鎳(nie)氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)所(suo)造成之污染(ran)，會比含有鎘(ge)之鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)小(xiao)很多(duo)，因此，目前鎳(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)已逐漸被(bei)鎳(nie)氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)取(qu)代。

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池除少數擁有一次鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)(ke)使(shi)用(yong)外(wai)( NIKON EN-EL1 與 2CR5 )大多數都沒有電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)替(ti)代(dai)方案(an)，這對于(yu)要長(chang)時間出(chu)國，或大量使(shi)用(yong)者就很麻煩，鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池就沒有這樣的(de)(de)問題，使(shi)用(yong)鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)數字相機通(tong)常都可(ke)(ke)使(shi)用(yong)堿性電(dian)(dian)(dian)池替(ti)代(dai)。

近年來(lai)(lai)數字相(xiang)機越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)多使(shi)用鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)廠商也看好這個市場，紛紛推出高容(rong)量的(de)鎳氫充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，使(shi)得鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)技術突飛(fei)猛進(jin)，容(rong)量也越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)大(da)，使(shi)用時(shi)間(jian)以與鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)不相(xiang)上下，連充電(dian)(dian)器也越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)精進(jin)，充電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)大(da)幅縮短。

鋰電池與鎳氫電池充電方式的區別

很(hen)多消(xiao)費者(zhe)在電池(chi)的(de)使用過程中,往往存在電池(chi)的(de)使用方(fang)法都是相同的(de)概念(nian),現在鋰(li)電池(chi)已經(jing)是主流,但以往的(de)鎳氫(qing)電池(chi)使用方(fang)式(shi)仍然被應(ying)用在鋰(li)電池(chi)上，其(qi)實鋰(li)電池(chi)跟鎳氫(qing)電池(chi)除(chu)了產品不一樣外，使用方(fang)式(shi)也(ye)不相同。

新(xin)買的鋰電(dian)池：頭三次先用至自然(ran)關機(ji)，再配合原裝直充(chong)在手機(ji)開機(ji)充(chong)電(dian)到滿，然(ran)后繼(ji)續保持(chi)充(chong)電(dian)約(yue)1小時（2000mah以上約(yue)2小時）。

日常(chang)：充(chong)(chong)滿就可(ke)，滿后續充(chong)(chong)莫超(chao)過1小(xiao)時。避免深夜充(chong)(chong)（電(dian)網(wang)電(dian)壓偏(pian)高(gao)）。電(dian)池(chi)(chi)可(ke)隨充(chong)(chong)隨用，可(ke)用到(dao)告(gao)警或(huo)關(guan)機(ji)(ji)。注(zhu)意用到(dao)關(guan)機(ji)(ji)的(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)盡量及時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，否則電(dian)池(chi)(chi)自放電(dian)、電(dian)壓繼續下降(jiang)可(ke)能導(dao)致自鎖保護無法充(chong)(chong)電(dian)。要養成習慣：白天(tian)到(dao)單位(wei)、晚上(shang)到(dao)家，就開始充(chong)(chong)電(dian)，充(chong)(chong)滿后或(huo)離開、睡(shui)覺前拔掉電(dian)源。

使(shi)用(yong)：一(yi)般鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)隨(sui)充(chong)、隨(sui)用(yong)、隨(sui)停(ting)。循環壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)是(shi)指(zhi)全充(chong)全放次數，部(bu)分充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)可(ke)理解為幾分之一(yi)次壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)的關鍵(jian)：電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)滿(man)，可(ke)加(jia)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)20分鐘-半小時(shi)以達到(dao)飽(bao)和，但一(yi)定要(yao)避免充(chong)滿(man)后(hou)長時(shi)間充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。滿(man)后(hou)長時(shi)間繼續充(chong)電(dian)(dian)會導(dao)致副反應，結果是(shi)容量(liang)下降(jiang)及內阻變(bian)大，出(chu)現容量(liang)縮短、一(yi)打(da)電(dian)(dian)話就關機的情(qing)況。PPC等(deng)帶電(dian)(dian)量(liang)芯片的機器(qi)，最好一(yi)直用(yong)到(dao)沒電(dian)(dian)再充(chong)，主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)考慮電(dian)(dian)量(liang)顯示計(ji)量(liang)的問題。

電(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿后(hou)繼(ji)續充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)對鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)傷害(hai)很大。滿后(hou)繼(ji)續充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部(bu)將產(chan)生副反(fan)應，活性物質減(jian)少，垃圾物質增(zeng)多，容量下降，內阻增(zeng)大，嚴(yan)重過充(chong)(chong)(chong)直接破壞(huai)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)結構，導致電(dian)池(chi)(chi)報廢。現(xian)在一些充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)器也提(ti)供了充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)模式,會根(gen)據(ju)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)電(dian)量是否充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿調節(jie)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)模式,可以有效的(de)保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

鋰離(li)子電池(chi)可隨(sui)時充(chong)(chong)電，對(dui)(dui)壽命(ming)的影響(xiang)有限，對(dui)(dui)PPC等帶電量計電池(chi)，建議用(yong)到自動關機后充(chong)(chong)電，以(yi)免(mian)影響(xiang)。隨(sui)時可充(chong)(chong)電、隨(sui)時可停止，如(ru)果充(chong)(chong)滿了(le)繼續充(chong)(chong)電，會對(dui)(dui)電池(chi)的壽命(ming)產生影響(xiang)。