玄(xuan)關的種(zhong)類 常見的6類玄(xuan)關詳解

玄關的種類 常見的6類玄關詳解

“玄關”或(huo)稱(cheng)“玄關竅(qiao)”、“玄關門(men)(men)(men)”，按(an)練養派(pai)傳統觀點，認為只有修玄關才是“正道”，否(fou)則(ze)統屬“旁門(men)(men)(men)”。古氣功詩說：“道法(fa)三(san)千六百(bai)門(men)(men)(men)，人(ren)人(ren)各(ge)執兩邊根，〈兩邊，指有、無〉，誰知些子(zi)玄微處〈或(huo)稱(cheng)玄關竅(qiao)〉，不在三(san)千六百(bai)門(men)(men)(men)”。關于三(san)千六百(bai)門(men)(men)(men)之說，見于李道純(chun)《中和(he)集》旁門(men)(men)(men)九品。總(zong)之，許多門(men)(men)(men)派(pai)皆(jie)以玄關〈或(huo)玄牝〉為修持之根本門(men)(men)(men)徑，但所指不沒，試舉如下：

玄關的種類 常見的6類玄關詳解

1.空洞無涯

“空(kong)洞無涯”為玄關者(zhe)，《性命圭(gui)旨》在論玄關時說：“……修丹之士不(bu)(bu)明(ming)祖竅則(ze)真息不(bu)(bu)住(zhu)，而(er)(er)神化無基；藥物不(bu)(bu)全(quan)而(er)(er)大丹不(bu)(bu)結(jie)。蓋(gai)此竅是(shi)總(zong)持之門，萬法之都。若何(he)可也，受師訣曰(yue)：空(kong)洞無涯是(shi)玄竅，知而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)守是(shi)功夫(fu)，常將真我(wo)安止其中(zhong)，如如不(bu)(bu)動，寂寂惺惺，內外兩忘，渾然無事，則(ze)神戀氣而(er)(er)凝(ning)，命戀性而(er)(er)住(zhu)，不(bu)(bu)歸一(yi)而(er)(er)一(yi)自(zi)歸，不(bu)(bu)守中(zhong)而(er)(er)中(zhong)自(zi)守，中(zhong)心之心既實(shi)(shi)，五(wu)行之心自(zi)虛，此老子抱(bao)一(yi)守中(zhong)，虛心實(shi)(shi)腹之本旨也。”

2.守中

以意(yi)(yi)識(shi)之“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”即“守(shou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”為玄關(guan)者，有以下諸說：……玄關(guan)一竅名為玄牝。此(ci)(ci)竅非(fei)凡竅，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)復一中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，萬(wan)神(shen)從(cong)此(ci)(ci)出，真氣與天(tian)通(tong)，真人潛深淵，浮(fu)游(you)守(shou)規(gui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)〈或“此(ci)(ci)竅實(shi)居(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)復一中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，萬(wan)神(shen)從(cong)此(ci)(ci)出，直上與天(tian)通(tong)”〉。“心不(bu)起波之謂(wei)平(ping)，心執其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之謂(wei)平(ping)，平(ping)即在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也，心在(zai)(zai)此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)乃不(bu)起波，此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)即丹(dan)經之玄關(guan)一竅也”。“允執厥中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”〈允者，適當；執者，保持；厥，其也〉。“四維不(bu)著，玄關(guan)可得”。“黃(huang)(huang)庭(ting)一室須要精，精在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間一點靈，切莫糊涂為隱秘(mi)，黃(huang)(huang)庭(ting)便是真玄關(guan)”。〈按：對黃(huang)(huang)庭(ting)一辭亦有兩(liang)說，一指身中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部位；一指意(yi)(yi)識(shi)境界。此(ci)(ci)指意(yi)(yi)識(shi)之中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)〉。

3.念頭動處

“念(nian)頭動(dong)處為玄牝”，“玄關(guan)一竅最(zui)難(nan)明(ming)，不得(de)心(xin)傳(chuan)莫妄(wang)行，若識(shi)念(nian)從何處起，方知(zhi)道在個中(zhong)生，陰陽未判(pan)原無(wu)(wu)象，日月(yue)相交豈有情，君要(yao)更知(zhi)端的意，中(zhong)天日午正(zheng)三更”。實(shi)際此說與前二(er)(er)說并(bing)無(wu)(wu)二(er)(er)致(zhi)，蓋(gai)喜怒(nu)哀樂未發(fa)之謂中(zhong)，即念(nian)頭動(dong)處是(shi)也。

以上三例皆內丹(dan)家之說，偏重于性(xing)功，上說與佛家之“總(zong)持(chi)門”或“大(da)總(zong)持(chi)門”，“大(da)陀羅尼(ni)門”其義相通。“總(zong)持(chi)門”義為“總(zong)一(yi)切法，持(chi)無(wu)量義”。

4.炁穴

炁(qi)穴(xue)(xue)為玄關：“玄關者炁(qi)穴(xue)(xue)也，神入(ru)炁(qi)中(zhong)如在深穴(xue)(xue)之中(zhong)也，神炁(qi)相戀則玄關之體已立”。

5.炁動

炁動為玄(xuan)關，有(you)(you)“炁發由成竅(qiao)，機息則渺茫”以及“藥物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)玄(xuan)竅(qiao)”之(zhi)說(shuo)〈按：此(ci)有(you)(you)二(er)(er)說(shuo)，①有(you)(you)藥物(wu)(wu)才(cai)能產生(sheng)(sheng)玄(xuan)竅(qiao)，②藥物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)玄(xuan)竅(qiao)之(zhi)中，即(ji)先有(you)(you)玄(xuan)竅(qiao)后生(sheng)(sheng)藥物(wu)(wu)，此(ci)二(er)(er)說(shuo)都對，但所指不同，此(ci)取前(qian)說(shuo)〉。

6.筑基

筑基成為(wei)(wei)玄關(guan)，“……《黃庭經》云，兩腎水(shui)王(wang)對(dui)生門，出入日月呼吸存，是一(yi)身上下之正(zheng)中，樞轄經緯，前向(xiang)臍，后對(dui)腎，有(you)如(ru)混沌，心腎合為(wei)(wei)一(yi)脈，其(qi)白如(ru)綿，其(qi)連如(ru)環，廣一(yi)寸二分，包一(yi)身之精粹(cui)，元(yuan)氣系(xi)之于此，修真之士采鉛投汞，一(yi)點落(luo)在此中，所(suo)謂立(li)基一(yi)百日也，此其(qi)即(ji)成，方名玄牝”。