什么是仲裁庭

1、仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是(shi)指(zhi)由(you)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)選定或(huo)者仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會(hui)主(zhu)任指(zhi)定的(de)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)員組(zu)成的(de)，對當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)申請仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件依(yi)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)程(cheng)序進行(xing)(xing)審(shen)理并作出裁(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)的(de)組(zu)織形式。按(an)照《仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)法》的(de)規定，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會(hui)受理仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)件后，應(ying)按(an)程(cheng)序組(zu)成仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)庭對案(an)件進行(xing)(xing)審(shen)理和裁(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)。因此，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是(shi)行(xing)(xing)使仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)權的(de)主(zhu)體。

2、在中國，根據仲裁法規規定，仲裁庭(ting)分為兩(liang)種(zhong)：

（1）獨任仲裁(cai)庭，由一名仲裁(cai)員承擔爭議案件的仲裁(cai)任務。

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（2）合議仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭，由雙方當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)各自選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，第三(san)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)由雙方當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)共同(tong)(tong)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)或共同(tong)(tong)委托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)會指定(ding)(ding)。第三(san)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)是首(shou)席(xi)(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)。三(san)人(ren)(ren)(ren)組(zu)成仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭，承擔(dan)爭議案件的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)；或者由雙方當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)共同(tong)(tong)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)首(shou)席(xi)(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，由首(shou)席(xi)(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)選(xuan)定(ding)(ding)二名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，擔(dan)負爭議案件的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)。合議庭實行民主集中制，少數(shu)服從多數(shu)的(de)(de)原則，故合議仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭的(de)(de)組(zu)成人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)當是單數(shu)。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭審理案件應(ying)當公開進(jin)行，經審理作出的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決，應(ying)當庭向當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)宣讀，向當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)送達仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決書。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭完(wan)成一(yi)案的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)后(hou)即解散。

仲裁庭的組成

仲(zhong)裁庭由仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)組成(cheng)，仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)產生是根據當事人的(de)意愿而定(ding)的(de)，決定(ding)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)產生方式(shi)是當事人的(de)一項權(quan)利。仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)的(de)產生主(zhu)要有以下(xia)方式(shi)：

(一)當(dang)事人約(yue)定(ding)了仲裁庭的(de)組成方(fang)(fang)式(shi)，此時有兩種(zhong)情況(kuang)(kuang)。第一種(zhong)情況(kuang)(kuang)是(shi)當(dang)事人約(yue)定(ding)由(you)三名仲裁員(yuan)組成仲裁庭，仲裁員(yuan)的(de)產(chan)生方(fang)(fang)式(shi)有兩種(zhong)：

（1）是(shi)由雙方(fang)當(dang)事人各自選定一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)或(huo)者(zhe)各自委托(tuo)仲(zhong)裁委員(yuan)會(hui)主(zhu)任(ren)指(zhi)定一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)，第三名(ming)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)由雙方(fang)當(dang)事人共同(tong)選定；二是(shi)由雙方(fang)當(dang)事人各自選定一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)，或(huo)者(zhe)各自委托(tuo)仲(zhong)裁委員(yuan)會(hui)主(zhu)任(ren)指(zhi)定一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)，第三名(ming)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)由當(dang)事人共同(tong)委托(tuo)仲(zhong)裁委員(yuan)會(hui)的主(zhu)任(ren)指(zhi)定。這兩種類型(xing)中，第三名(ming)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)是(shi)首席(xi)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)。

（2）第二種(zhong)情況是(shi)當(dang)事人約(yue)定由一名仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)成立仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的，應當(dang)由當(dang)事人共(gong)同選定或者委(wei)托仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)會主(zhu)任指定仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)。

(二) 當事人(ren)沒(mei)有在(zai)仲裁(cai)規則(ze)規定的(de)(de)期限內約定仲裁(cai)庭(ting)的(de)(de)組成(cheng)方(fang)式，由仲裁(cai)委員會主(zhu)任決定仲裁(cai)庭(ting)的(de)(de)組成(cheng)方(fang)式；當事人(ren)雖然在(zai)仲裁(cai)規則(ze)規定的(de)(de)期限內約定了仲裁(cai)庭(ting)的(de)(de)組成(cheng)方(fang)式但(dan)沒(mei)有選(xuan)定仲裁(cai)員的(de)(de)，由仲裁(cai)委員會的(de)(de)主(zhu)任指定仲裁(cai)員。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一、仲(zhong)裁(cai)委(wei)員會應(ying)當(dang)在(zai)仲(zhong)裁(cai)規則規定的期限內將開庭日期通知雙方當(dang)事(shi)人

二(er)、開庭仲裁，由(you)首席(xi)仲裁員或者獨任(ren)仲裁員宣布開庭

隨后，首席(xi)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)或者獨任仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)核對(dui)當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)，宣布案由，宣布仲(zhong)裁庭組(zu)成人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)和記錄人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)名單，告知當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)有關(guan)的仲(zhong)裁權利義務，詢(xun)問當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)是否提出回避申請(qing)。

三、開庭調查

(1)當事人(ren)陳(chen)述；

(2)告知(zhi)證(zheng)人(ren)的權利義務，證(zheng)人(ren)作(zuo)證(zheng)，宣讀(du)未到庭的證(zheng)人(ren)證(zheng)言；

(3)出示書證、物證和(he)視聽(ting)資料(liao)；

(4)宣讀(du)勘驗筆錄、現場(chang)筆錄；

(5)宣讀鑒定結(jie)論；

四、舉證、質證、當(dang)事人(ren)辯論；

五、調(diao)解(jie)，裁決。