節能燈工作原理 LED節能燈電路(lu)圖講解

一、節能燈工作原理

節(jie)能(neng)(neng)，在(zai)這個(ge)高能(neng)(neng)耗的時(shi)代顯(xian)然(ran)是(shi)個(ge)當務之急，許多國家(jia)(jia)都把節(jie)能(neng)(neng)減排作(zuo)為工(gong)業建設和城市改造(zao)的首(shou)要任(ren)務。那么作(zuo)為國家(jia)(jia)鼓勵使用(yong)的節(jie)能(neng)(neng)燈，它有哪些(xie)結構組成呢？它的工(gong)作(zuo)原理又是(shi)什(shen)么呢？下面就讓小編為大(da)家(jia)(jia)一(yi)一(yi)講解(jie)吧！

節(jie)能(neng)燈實際上(shang)就是一(yi)種緊(jin)湊型、自(zi)帶鎮流器的(de)日光燈，節(jie)能(neng)燈點燃時首(shou)先經(jing)過電(dian)子(zi)(zi)鎮流器給燈管燈絲(si)加熱(re)，燈絲(si)開端發射電(dian)子(zi)(zi)（由于在(zai)燈絲(si)上(shang)涂了一(yi)些(xie)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)粉(fen)），電(dian)子(zi)(zi)碰(peng)撞充裝在(zai)燈管內(nei)的(de)氬原子(zi)(zi)，氬原子(zi)(zi)碰(peng)撞后取得了能(neng)量又(you)撞擊(ji)內(nei)部(bu)的(de)汞(gong)原子(zi)(zi)，汞(gong)原子(zi)(zi)在(zai)吸收能(neng)量后躍(yue)遷產生電(dian)離，燈管內(nei)構成等離子(zi)(zi)態。

燈(deng)(deng)管兩(liang)端電(dian)(dian)壓直(zhi)接(jie)經過等離子(zi)態導通(tong)并發出253.7nm 的(de)(de)(de)(de)紫外(wai)線，紫外(wai)線激(ji)起熒(ying)光(guang)粉發光(guang)，由(you)于熒(ying)光(guang)燈(deng)(deng)工作時燈(deng)(deng)絲的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)約在(zai)1160K左右，比白(bai)熾燈(deng)(deng)工作的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)2200K-2700K低很多，所(suo)以它的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)命也大(da)進步，到達(da)5000小時以上，由(you)于它運用效(xiao)(xiao)率較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)鎮流器，同(tong)時不存在(zai)白(bai)熾燈(deng)(deng)那樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流熱效(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)，熒(ying)光(guang)粉的(de)(de)(de)(de)能量轉換(huan)效(xiao)(xiao)率高(gao)，到達(da)每(mei)瓦50流明以上，所(suo)以節約電(dian)(dian)能。

二、led節能燈電路圖

文介紹的LED節能(neng)燈(deng)電路(lu)圖利(li)用220V電源供(gong)電，220V交換電經C1降(jiang)(jiang)壓電容降(jiang)(jiang)壓后，經全(quan)橋整流(liu)，再議決C2濾(lv)波后，經限(xian)流(liu)電阻R3給串聯的80顆LED提供(gong)恒流(liu)電源(節能(neng)燈(deng)電路(lu)圖原理)

圖 1 led節能燈電(dian)路圖

圖1是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)款貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片LED照(zhao)明燈(deng)(deng)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)圖，該燈(deng)(deng)利用220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，220V交換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經(jing)C1降壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)降壓后經(jing)全橋整流(liu)(liu)再(zai)議決(jue)C2濾波(bo)(bo)后經(jing)限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R3給(gei)串聯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10顆貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片LED提供恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)為(wei)(wei)20mA，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)們在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)制作節能燈(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)要(yao)(yao)思量許多方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因素(su)對(dui)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，包(bao)羅光衰(shuai)和發熱(re)(re)(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度對(dui)光衰(shuai)和壽(shou)命(ming)影響很(hen)大，要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)散(san)(san)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)不好很(hen)容(rong)(rong)易(yi)孕(yun)育(yu)產(chan)生(sheng)光衰(shuai)，因為(wei)(wei)LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫度升高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)就會(hui)增大，以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)樣(yang)平常(chang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)做大功率照(zhao)明時(shi)散(san)(san)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)(zui)緊張的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，將影響到(dao)(dao)LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩固性，小功率一(yi)樣(yang)平常(chang)都(dou)采取(qu)(qu)自散(san)(san)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)要(yao)(yao)領，以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)計劃時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不宜過(guo)大。圖中(zhong)(zhong)R1是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)掩護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，R2是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)C1的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)卸放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，R3是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)警備(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓升高(gao)和溫度升高(gao)LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)增大，C2是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)濾波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，實際在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)LED電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)不用濾波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，C2是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用來警備(bei)開燈(deng)(deng)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)打擊(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)對(dui)LED的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陵犯，開燈(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瞬間(jian)(jian)(jian)因為(wei)(wei)C1的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)會(hui)有一(yi)個很(hen)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)過(guo)LED將會(hui)對(dui)LED孕(yun)育(yu)產(chan)生(sheng)損傷，有了C2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介入，開燈(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)完全被C2汲(ji)取(qu)(qu)起到(dao)(dao)了開燈(deng)(deng)防打擊(ji)掩護(hu)。該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)小功率燈(deng)(deng)杯最(zui)(zui)實用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)，占用體(ti)積(ji)小可(ke)以(yi)方便的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)較(jiao)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)燈(deng)(deng)杯里，現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)被燈(deng)(deng)杯產(chan)品普遍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接納。好處：恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)功耗小，體(ti)積(ji)小，經(jing)濟實用。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)計劃時(shi)降壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)要(yao)(yao)接納耐(nai)壓在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)400V以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滌(di)綸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)或CBB電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，濾波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)要(yao)(yao)用耐(nai)壓250v以(yi)上。此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)得當驅動(dong)7-12只(zhi)20mA的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)片LED。