EPS應急電源在消防應急照明中的應用

近年來火災事故(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頻頻發生讓人們吸取(qu)了(le)深(shen)刻(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教訓(xun)，如何解決好消(xiao)防(fang)應(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)明系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供電系統引(yin)起(qi)了(le)設計人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)視。在(zai)正(zheng)常情況下因突發事件中斷照(zhao)(zhao)明后，為(wei)保證人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全，必須設置(zhi)應(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)明。特別是在(zai)一(yi)(yi)些重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場合，如人員較為(wei)稠密的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)場、酒店、寫字樓等，在(zai)緊急狀況下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人員疏散是一(yi)(yi)個很重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現實問題(ti)，從而對應(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)明系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合理設置(zhi)提出(chu)了(le)更高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。

EPS應(ying)急電(dian)源系統是滿足消防行業特殊要求的應(ying)急電(dian)源，當(dang)市電(dian)出現故(gu)障能(neng)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)轉入到應(ying)急工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)狀態，由電(dian)池組(zu)經高(gao)效逆變提供(gong)(gong)后備(bei)電(dian)力供(gong)(gong)應(ying)。它具備(bei)手動(dong)/自(zi)(zi)動(dong)轉換及供(gong)(gong)專業人員操作(zuo)(zuo)的強制啟動(dong)按鈕，超載120%能(neng)正常工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，對電(dian)池組(zu)分段(duan)保護智能(neng)充電(dian)，應(ying)急時間更長，整機(ji)功(gong)能(neng)更齊備(bei)，可靠性更高(gao)。

EPS應(ying)(ying)急(ji)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)可以解決許多(duo)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)供(gong)電(dian)的(de)(de)問題。當突然(ran)停電(dian)或(huo)商業電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)壓(ya)超出臨界值時(shi)(shi)(shi)，由電(dian)池組經過(guo)高效率(lv)的(de)(de)逆變提供(gong)電(dian)壓(ya)穩定、頻率(lv)穩定的(de)(de)電(dian)力供(gong)應(ying)(ying)以及(ji)足夠(gou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)照明(ming)和(he)設(she)備運(yun)營電(dian)力供(gong)應(ying)(ying)，EPS應(ying)(ying)急(ji)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)能夠(gou)提供(gong)與商業電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)相同的(de)(de)或(huo)經過(guo)穩壓(ya)調整的(de)(de)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，在突發(fa)事件來(lai)臨時(shi)(shi)(shi)起(qi)到可靠的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)作(zuo)用。隨著(zhu)人們觀念的(de)(de)轉變，安(an)全意識的(de)(de)提高，運(yun)用集中(zhong)供(gong)電(dian)的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)照明(ming)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)取代(dai)分散的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)燈，是應(ying)(ying)急(ji)照明(ming)系(xi)統(tong)發(fa)展的(de)(de)必然(ran)趨勢。

眾所周(zhou)知，電力故障常具有突發性，不以人們的(de)意志為轉移，即使(shi)電網設施再先進，意外的(de)斷(duan)電也在所難免(mian)，同時，火災與停電幾(ji)乎是孿生兄弟，因此，具備多功能EPS應急(ji)電源可以解決電力保障和消(xiao)防安全問題，確保一些重大工程或重要場合的(de)應急(ji)供(gong)電需要。

該圖片由注冊用戶"柏克"提供，版權聲明反饋

EPS消防應急電源安裝注意事項

1、電線、電纜及保護管的選用

《建(jian)筑電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工程施工質量(liang)驗收(shou)規(gui)范》（GB50303—2005，以下簡稱《驗收(shou)規(gui)范》）要求疏散照明應(ying)敷(fu)設耐(nai)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)采(cai)用(yong)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等于(yu)或(huo)高于(yu)750V的銅芯絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)（20.1.4.8條）。《驗收(shou)規(gui)范》中沒有說備用(yong)照明、安全照明線(xian)(xian)路(lu)敷(fu)設耐(nai)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（阻燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)與(yu)耐(nai)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是(shi)兩(liang)種(zhong)不同(tong)技術標準的產品，兩(liang)種(zhong)不能混為(wei)一談）。

阻燃(ran)型(xing)及(ji)耐火型(xing)電線(xian)(xian)、電纜允許(xu)長期工作的(de)(de)(de)最高額定(ding)(ding)溫(wen)度一(yi)定(ding)(ding)要(yao)符合設(she)計(ji)(ji)要(yao)求，安(an)裝前一(yi)定(ding)(ding)按設(she)計(ji)(ji)要(yao)求驗收(shou)導線(xian)(xian)。火災應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)導線(xian)(xian)截面宜適當(dang)(dang)放(fang)寬。應(ying)(ying)(ying)急疏散照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)線(xian)(xian)路的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)無論(lun)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)敷還是暗(an)敷，在《驗收(shou)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》中都(dou)要(yao)求使用(yong)(yong)鋼導管(guan)(guan)(guan)，而對其他應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)線(xian)(xian)路的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)材質(zhi)并末(mo)作出規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)。《高層民用(yong)(yong)建(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)(ji)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》（GB50045—95）、《建(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)(ji)防(fang)火規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》（GBJ16—87）要(yao)求，當(dang)(dang)消防(fang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)配電線(xian)(xian)路當(dang)(dang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)敷時(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)采用(yong)(yong)金屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)，并采用(yong)(yong)防(fang)火保(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)施；暗(an)敷時(shi)，只要(yao)求保(bao)護(hu)層的(de)(de)(de)厚度不小于30mm，未說明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)采用(yong)(yong)何種管(guan)(guan)(guan)材。當(dang)(dang)采用(yong)(yong)塑料(liao)(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)暗(an)敷時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)采用(yong)(yong)難燃(ran)型(xing)材料(liao)(liao)且(qie)塑料(liao)(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)氧指數(shu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)在27以上。在無設(she)計(ji)(ji)要(yao)求時(shi)，埋(mai)設(she)在墻內或混凝(ning)土(tu)內的(de)(de)(de)塑料(liao)(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)采用(yong)(yong)中型(xing)以上的(de)(de)(de)導管(guan)(guan)(guan)（《驗收(shou)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)(fan)》14.2.9.3條）；建(jian)筑物吊頂內必須采用(yong)(yong)金屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)敷設(she)，金屬管(guan)(guan)(guan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)選壁厚1.6mm以上的(de)(de)(de)熱鍍(du)鋅管(guan)(guan)(guan)。

2、應急照明線路的敷設

應急(ji)(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)路(lu)單(dan)獨敷設，在(zai)每個防火(huo)(huo)分區有(you)獨立的(de)(de)(de)應急(ji)(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明回路(lu)，不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)與普通照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)路(lu)混用。穿越不(bu)同(tong)防火(huo)(huo)分區的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)應有(you)防火(huo)(huo)隔堵措施(shi)。當火(huo)(huo)災應急(ji)(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)工作電(dian)源與備(bei)用電(dian)源在(zai)同(tong)一橋架敷設時，中間加(jia)隔板(ban)。明敷管(guan)線(xian)(xian)時，鋼性導(dao)管(guan)上(shang)涂(tu)防火(huo)(huo)涂(tu)料保(bao)護(hu)。線(xian)(xian)管(guan)、線(xian)(xian)槽的(de)(de)(de)PE保(bao)護(hu)線(xian)(xian)連接(jie)(jie)完成后(hou)(hou)，經檢(jian)查確認才能(neng)(neng)(neng)穿線(xian)(xian)。不(bu)進(jin)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)吊頂，管(guan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)支架和接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒固定在(zai)主、副龍(long)骨上(shang)；進(jin)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)吊頂，電(dian)氣配件應敷設在(zai)主龍(long)骨上(shang)。在(zai)對電(dian)線(xian)(xian)、電(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)、導(dao)電(dian)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)和防火(huo)(huo)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)有(you)異議時，按批抽樣送(song)有(you)資質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)試驗室檢(jian)測(ce)。電(dian)線(xian)(xian)接(jie)(jie)續(xu)完成后(hou)(hou)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)測(ce)試電(dian)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)阻。應急(ji)(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)路(lu)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)與其(qi)他(ta)普通照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)路(lu)混用。

3、應急照明配電箱的安裝

應(ying)(ying)急照明配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)安裝(zhuang)工藝同普通(tong)照明配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)安裝(zhuang)工藝，但應(ying)(ying)急照明配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)與其他普通(tong)照明配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)(ying)有明顯(xian)的(de)(de)區分標志。應(ying)(ying)急照明配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)結構及電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣元件宜(yi)選用耐火耐熱(re)型(xing)，當用普通(tong)型(xing)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)時(shi)(shi)，其安裝(zhuang)位置應(ying)(ying)盡可能避(bi)開易受火災影響的(de)(de)區域(yu)。EPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)源柜(ju)安裝(zhuang)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣豎井內時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源柜(ju)周(zhou)圍(wei)應(ying)(ying)留有散熱(re)通(tong)道。EPS輸出端的(de)(de)中性(xing)線N應(ying)(ying)與建筑物(wu)的(de)(de)接地裝(zhuang)置直接相連。EPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)源柜(ju)出線端的(de)(de)低壓(ya)斷路(lu)(lu)器(qi)應(ying)(ying)選用四極(ji)開關(guan)；支路(lu)(lu)斷路(lu)(lu)器(qi)選雙極(ji)型(xing)開關(guan)。

4、應急照明燈具及安裝

安(an)全照(zhao)明、備用照(zhao)明和疏散照(zhao)明可(ke)用普通節能燈、熒光(guang)燈（配電子鎮流器）。疏散指示(shi)標(biao)志(zhi)燈必須采用消防認證產品(pin)。燈具安(an)裝部位一般(ban)在走(zou)道及樓梯轉角(jiao)處(chu)。疏散標(biao)志(zhi)的箭頭應指向通往出口的方向。

燈(deng)具安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)高度由設(she)計決定。如無規(gui)定，一般疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)出口(kou)(kou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在安(an)全出口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)頂部0.2m處，上(shang)(shang)邊(bian)緣距(ju)天花板(ban)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)等于(yu)(yu)或大于(yu)(yu)0.5m。如天花板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)高度較(jiao)低，也(ye)(ye)可以在疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)門的(de)(de)(de)兩側墻上(shang)(shang)設(she)置，標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)中心點(dian)距(ju)地(di)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)高度應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)在1.3~1.5m之間。采用吊桿(gan)的(de)(de)(de)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)下邊(bian)緣距(ju)地(di)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)高度應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)大于(yu)(yu)或等于(yu)(yu)2m。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在樓梯(ti)間、疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)走道(dao)(dao)及轉(zhuan)角(jiao)處1m以下的(de)(de)(de)墻上(shang)(shang)（轉(zhuan)角(jiao)處需增設(she)一盞標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)）。標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)間距(ju)不應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)大于(yu)(yu)20m，袋形走道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)盡頭離標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)小于(yu)(yu)或等于(yu)(yu)10m。封(feng)閉樓梯(ti)間、防煙樓梯(ti)間及其前(qian)室、消防電梯(ti)前(qian)室也(ye)(ye)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)走道(dao)(dao)上(shang)(shang)采用蓄光自發光地(di)面(mian)(mian)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)標(biao)(biao)(biao)示(shi)燈(deng)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)詳見標(biao)(biao)(biao)準圖集《特殊(shu)燈(deng)具安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)》（03D702-3）的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)關內容。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)路線(xian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)簡(jian)結明(ming)了。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)燈(deng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用不燃(ran)燒材(cai)料制燈(deng)具外殼(ke)燈(deng)罩，其標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)箭頭指(zhi)向(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)與逃生疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)方向(xiang)一致。所有(you)(you)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)金屬構件均應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)做防腐處理。不能用疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)牌代(dai)替(ti)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)(san)(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)燈(deng)。

5、交工

備(bei)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)要核對雙電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)相序。備(bei)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)應(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)明電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)作空載(zai)自(zi)動(dong)投切(qie)試驗(yan)前拆除負荷，空載(zai)自(zi)動(dong)投切(qie)試驗(yan)合格，才(cai)(cai)做有載(zai)自(zi)動(dong)投切(qie)試驗(yan)。燈具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻不(bu)應(ying)大于(yu)(yu)或(huo)等(deng)(deng)于(yu)(yu)2MΩ；開關的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻應(ying)大于(yu)(yu)或(huo)等(deng)(deng)于(yu)(yu)5MΩ；燈具(ju)(ju)、線路的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻測試合格，燈具(ju)(ju)與可接近裸(luo)露(lu)導體的(de)(de)保護線PE連(lian)接完(wan)成，經檢查合格，才(cai)(cai)能通電(dian)(dian)試驗(yan)；照(zhao)(zhao)明系統通電(dian)(dian)連(lian)續(xu)試運行時(shi)間(jian)應(ying)不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)8h；火(huo)災事故(gu)照(zhao)(zhao)明納(na)入消防聯動(dong)控制，手動(dong)或(huo)自(zi)動(dong)試驗(yan)火(huo)災事故(gu)照(zhao)(zhao)明和疏散指示。