EPS應急電源在消防應急照明中的應用

近年來火(huo)災(zai)事(shi)(shi)故的(de)(de)(de)頻頻發生讓人(ren)(ren)們吸取了(le)深刻的(de)(de)(de)教訓(xun)，如何解決好消防應(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)明系統的(de)(de)(de)供電(dian)系統引起(qi)了(le)設(she)計人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)重視。在(zai)正常情況下因突發事(shi)(shi)件中(zhong)斷照(zhao)(zhao)明后，為(wei)保(bao)證人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全，必須設(she)置應(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)明。特(te)別(bie)是在(zai)一些重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)場合，如人(ren)(ren)員較為(wei)稠密的(de)(de)(de)商場、酒店(dian)、寫字樓等(deng)，在(zai)緊急狀(zhuang)況下的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)員疏散是一個很重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)現實(shi)問題(ti)，從(cong)而對應(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)明系統的(de)(de)(de)合理設(she)置提出(chu)了(le)更高的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。

EPS應(ying)急電源(yuan)系統是滿足(zu)消防行業特殊要求的應(ying)急電源(yuan)，當市電出現故(gu)障能(neng)自動(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)入到應(ying)急工作(zuo)狀態，由電池組經(jing)高效逆變提供后(hou)備電力供應(ying)。它具備手動(dong)(dong)/自動(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)換及供專業人(ren)員操作(zuo)的強(qiang)制啟動(dong)(dong)按鈕(niu)，超(chao)載(zai)120%能(neng)正(zheng)常工作(zuo)，對電池組分段保護智(zhi)能(neng)充電，應(ying)急時(shi)間更長，整機功能(neng)更齊備，可靠(kao)性更高。

EPS應(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)可以解決許(xu)多(duo)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)問題。當突然(ran)停電(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)商業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超(chao)出臨界值(zhi)時，由電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組經過(guo)(guo)高(gao)效率的(de)(de)(de)逆(ni)變(bian)提供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)穩定(ding)、頻率穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)應(ying)以及(ji)足(zu)夠時間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)和設備運(yun)(yun)營(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供(gong)應(ying)，EPS應(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)能夠提供(gong)與商業(ye)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)或(huo)經過(guo)(guo)穩壓(ya)調整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，在(zai)突發事件來臨時起到可靠的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)作用(yong)。隨著人們觀念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)轉變(bian)，安(an)全意識的(de)(de)(de)提高(gao)，運(yun)(yun)用(yong)集中供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)取代分散的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)燈，是(shi)應(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)(ming)系(xi)統(tong)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)然(ran)趨勢。

眾所周(zhou)知，電(dian)(dian)力故(gu)障常具有突(tu)發性，不以人(ren)們(men)的(de)意志(zhi)為轉移(yi)，即使電(dian)(dian)網設施(shi)再先進，意外(wai)的(de)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)也在所難免(mian)，同時，火災與停(ting)電(dian)(dian)幾乎是孿生兄弟，因(yin)此，具備多功能EPS應急電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)可以解決(jue)電(dian)(dian)力保障和消(xiao)防安全(quan)問(wen)題，確保一些重大工程或(huo)重要場合(he)的(de)應急供電(dian)(dian)需要。

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EPS消防應急電源安裝注意事項

1、電線、電纜及保護管的選用

《建筑電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣工(gong)程施工(gong)質量驗收(shou)規(gui)范(fan)》（GB50303—2005，以下簡稱《驗收(shou)規(gui)范(fan)》）要求(qiu)疏(shu)散照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)應敷設耐火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)采用額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)于或高于750V的銅芯(xin)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)（20.1.4.8條）。《驗收(shou)規(gui)范(fan)》中沒有(you)說(shuo)備用照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)、安全照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)線(xian)路敷設耐火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)（阻燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)與耐火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是兩種不同技(ji)術(shu)標準的產品(pin)，兩種不能混為一(yi)談）。

阻燃型(xing)及耐火(huo)型(xing)電(dian)線(xian)、電(dian)纜允許長期(qi)工作的(de)最高(gao)額(e)定(ding)溫(wen)度一定(ding)要(yao)符合(he)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，安(an)裝前一定(ding)按設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)驗收(shou)導(dao)(dao)線(xian)。火(huo)災應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明導(dao)(dao)線(xian)截面宜適當放寬。應(ying)(ying)(ying)急疏(shu)散照明線(xian)路的(de)保護(hu)管(guan)(guan)無論明敷還(huan)是暗敷，在《驗收(shou)規(gui)范(fan)》中都要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)使用(yong)鋼導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)，而對其他應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明線(xian)路的(de)保護(hu)管(guan)(guan)材(cai)質并末作出規(gui)定(ding)。《高(gao)層民(min)用(yong)建筑設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)規(gui)范(fan)》（GB50045—95）、《建筑設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)火(huo)規(gui)范(fan)》（GBJ16—87）要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，當消(xiao)防(fang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明配電(dian)線(xian)路當明敷時應(ying)(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)金屬(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)，并采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)防(fang)火(huo)保護(hu)措施；暗敷時，只要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)保護(hu)層的(de)厚(hou)度不小于30mm，未說(shuo)明采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)何種管(guan)(guan)材(cai)。當采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)塑(su)料(liao)管(guan)(guan)暗敷時，應(ying)(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)難燃型(xing)材(cai)料(liao)且塑(su)料(liao)管(guan)(guan)的(de)氧指數(shu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)在27以上。在無設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)時，埋設(she)(she)(she)(she)在墻內或混凝(ning)土內的(de)塑(su)料(liao)管(guan)(guan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)中型(xing)以上的(de)導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)（《驗收(shou)規(gui)范(fan)》14.2.9.3條）；建筑物吊頂內必須采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)金屬(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)敷設(she)(she)(she)(she)，金屬(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)選壁厚(hou)1.6mm以上的(de)熱(re)鍍(du)鋅管(guan)(guan)。

2、應急照明線路的敷設

應急照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路單獨(du)敷(fu)(fu)設，在每個防火(huo)分(fen)(fen)區有(you)獨(du)立(li)的(de)(de)(de)應急照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明回路，不能(neng)與普通(tong)(tong)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路混用(yong)。穿越不同防火(huo)分(fen)(fen)區的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路應有(you)防火(huo)隔堵措施。當(dang)火(huo)災(zai)應急照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路的(de)(de)(de)工作電(dian)源(yuan)與備用(yong)電(dian)源(yuan)在同一橋架(jia)敷(fu)(fu)設時，中間(jian)加隔板(ban)。明敷(fu)(fu)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時，鋼性(xing)導管(guan)上涂防火(huo)涂料保護(hu)。線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)、線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)槽的(de)(de)(de)PE保護(hu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)連接(jie)(jie)完成(cheng)后，經(jing)檢(jian)查確認才能(neng)穿線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。不進人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)吊頂(ding)，管(guan)子的(de)(de)(de)支架(jia)和接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)盒固定在主、副龍骨上；進人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)吊頂(ding)，電(dian)氣(qi)配件應敷(fu)(fu)設在主龍骨上。在對電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、電(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)絕緣性(xing)能(neng)、導電(dian)性(xing)能(neng)和防火(huo)性(xing)能(neng)有(you)異議時，按批抽樣送有(you)資(zi)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗室(shi)檢(jian)測。電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)接(jie)(jie)續完成(cheng)后才能(neng)測試(shi)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)絕緣電(dian)阻。應急照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路不能(neng)與其他(ta)普通(tong)(tong)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)明線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路混用(yong)。

3、應急照明配電箱的安裝

應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明(ming)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)裝工(gong)藝同(tong)普通(tong)照明(ming)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)裝工(gong)藝，但應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明(ming)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)與其(qi)他(ta)普通(tong)照明(ming)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)有明(ming)顯的(de)(de)區(qu)分標志。應(ying)(ying)(ying)急照明(ming)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)結構及電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元件宜選用耐火耐熱型，當用普通(tong)型配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)時，其(qi)安(an)(an)(an)裝位置應(ying)(ying)(ying)盡可能避開易受火災(zai)影響的(de)(de)區(qu)域。EPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)柜(ju)安(an)(an)(an)裝在電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)豎井內時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)柜(ju)周圍應(ying)(ying)(ying)留有散(san)熱通(tong)道。EPS輸出(chu)端(duan)的(de)(de)中性線(xian)N應(ying)(ying)(ying)與建筑物(wu)的(de)(de)接地裝置直接相連(lian)。EPS電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)柜(ju)出(chu)線(xian)端(duan)的(de)(de)低(di)壓斷(duan)路器(qi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)選用四極開關；支路斷(duan)路器(qi)選雙(shuang)極型開關。

4、應急照明燈具及安裝

安全(quan)照明、備用照明和疏散(san)照明可用普通(tong)節能燈(deng)(deng)、熒光燈(deng)(deng)（配電子鎮流器）。疏散(san)指示標志(zhi)(zhi)燈(deng)(deng)必須采用消防認證(zheng)產品。燈(deng)(deng)具安裝部(bu)位(wei)一般在走道及樓梯轉角處。疏散(san)標志(zhi)(zhi)的箭頭應指向通(tong)往出口的方向。

燈(deng)(deng)具(ju)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)高(gao)度(du)由設計決定。如無規定，一般疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)出口(kou)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在安(an)(an)(an)全出口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頂部(bu)0.2m處，上(shang)邊緣距(ju)(ju)天花(hua)板應等于(yu)(yu)(yu)或(huo)(huo)大于(yu)(yu)(yu)0.5m。如天花(hua)板的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)較(jiao)低(di)，也可以(yi)在疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩側墻上(shang)設置(zhi)，標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中心點距(ju)(ju)地面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)應在1.3~1.5m之間(jian)。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)吊桿(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)(shi)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下邊緣距(ju)(ju)地面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)應大于(yu)(yu)(yu)或(huo)(huo)等于(yu)(yu)(yu)2m。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)(shi)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在樓梯間(jian)、疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)走(zou)道及轉角(jiao)處1m以(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墻上(shang)（轉角(jiao)處需增設一盞(zhan)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)）。標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)距(ju)(ju)不應大于(yu)(yu)(yu)20m，袋形走(zou)道的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盡(jin)頭離標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)(ju)離應小于(yu)(yu)(yu)或(huo)(huo)等于(yu)(yu)(yu)10m。封閉(bi)樓梯間(jian)、防(fang)煙樓梯間(jian)及其前室(shi)、消防(fang)電梯前室(shi)也應安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)(shi)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)走(zou)道上(shang)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)蓄光(guang)自發光(guang)地面(mian)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)標(biao)(biao)示(shi)(shi)燈(deng)(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)詳見標(biao)(biao)準圖集(ji)《特殊燈(deng)(deng)具(ju)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)》（03D702-3）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有關內容。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)路(lu)線應簡結(jie)明(ming)了。疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燈(deng)(deng)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)不燃燒材料(liao)制燈(deng)(deng)具(ju)外殼燈(deng)(deng)罩(zhao)，其標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)箭頭指(zhi)(zhi)向應與逃生(sheng)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)方向一致(zhi)。所有安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)金屬構(gou)件均應做(zuo)防(fang)腐處理。不能用(yong)(yong)(yong)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)(shi)牌(pai)代替疏(shu)(shu)(shu)散(san)指(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)(shi)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燈(deng)(deng)。

5、交工

備用電(dian)源(yuan)要核對雙電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)相(xiang)序。備用電(dian)源(yuan)或(huo)(huo)應(ying)急照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)電(dian)源(yuan)作空載自(zi)動(dong)投切(qie)試驗(yan)(yan)前拆除負荷，空載自(zi)動(dong)投切(qie)試驗(yan)(yan)合(he)格，才做有載自(zi)動(dong)投切(qie)試驗(yan)(yan)。燈具的(de)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻不應(ying)大于或(huo)(huo)等于2MΩ；開關(guan)的(de)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻應(ying)大于或(huo)(huo)等于5MΩ；燈具、線(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)阻測試合(he)格，燈具與可接(jie)近裸露導體的(de)保護線(xian)(xian)PE連(lian)接(jie)完(wan)成，經檢查合(he)格，才能通電(dian)試驗(yan)(yan)；照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)系統通電(dian)連(lian)續(xu)試運行時(shi)間應(ying)不小于8h；火(huo)災(zai)事(shi)故(gu)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)納入消(xiao)防(fang)聯動(dong)控制，手(shou)動(dong)或(huo)(huo)自(zi)動(dong)試驗(yan)(yan)火(huo)災(zai)事(shi)故(gu)照(zhao)(zhao)明(ming)和疏散指示。