一、英譯中時倍數減少如何翻譯
1、“減少了N–1/N"
2、“減少到1/N”或“是(原來(lai))的(de)1/N”
英(ying)語(yu)中(zhong)表示倍數(shu)減(jian)小的句型可歸納為以(yi)下幾種(zhong)。
(一)decrease+by+N times
decrease+N times
decrease+by+a factor of+N
(decrease為表(biao)承減(jian)少意義的動詞,下同)
這三個句型表示的(de)意義一樣,均(jun)應譯為(wei)“減(jian)少了N–1/N”或(huo)“減(jian)少到1/N”。例如:
1)Since the introduction of the new technique the switching time of the transistor has been shortened three times.
采用(yong)這項新(xin)工藝后,晶體(ti)管的開關時間(jian)縮(suo)短了三分之(zhi)二。
2)When the voltage is stepped up by 10 times,the strength of the current is stepped-down by 10 times,so that the power remains the same.
當電壓升高到10倍時,電流強度降低到1/10,因此(ci)功率保持不變。
3)The water level in winter falls by a factor of three as against the average level.
冬季,水位(wei)比平(ping)均水位(wei)下降三(san)分之二。
4)When the signal has increased by 10 times the gain may have been reduced by 8 times.
如(ru)果(guo)信號增大9倍(bei),增益(yi)就可能降低7/8。
5)The automatic assembly line can shorten ten times the assembling period.
自動裝配線(xian)可(ke)把裝配工期(qi)縮短(duan)到原來的1/10。
(二)N times+弱比較級+(than)
N times+as+表示差、少意義的形容詞原級+as
這兩個句型的(de)意義一(yi)樣,可譯為“比……N-1/N”或“是…1/N”。例如:
6)The plastic casing is three times lighter than the steel one.
這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)塑料(liao)殼比鋼殼輕三分之二(er)(或:這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)塑料(liao)殼的重(zhong)量是鋼殼的三分之一)。
二、英語倍數翻譯常見錯誤
1、A是B的N倍大/長…(或者A比B大/長…N-1倍)
一般(ban)有以(yi)下兩種英語表達(da)方法:
(1)A is N times as large/long(形容詞/副(fu)詞原形)as B.Eg:Asia is four times as large as Europe.
(2)A is N times larger/longer(形容詞/副詞比較級)than B.Eg:Asia is four times larger than Europe.
(3)A is N times the size/length(形(xing)容詞/副詞的名詞形(xing)式)of B.Eg:Asia is four times the size of Europe.
以上三句例(li)句的(de)中文翻譯(yi)均為:亞洲(zhou)是歐洲(zhou)的(de)四倍大,或者亞洲(zhou)比歐洲(zhou)大三倍。
2、by和to
(1)動詞(ci)+by+倍數(shu)/百分數(shu)/數(shu)詞(ci)
Eg:The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
今年糧食產量(liang)增加了四倍。
(2)動詞(ci)+to+數詞(ci)
Eg:Last year profits rose to$201 million.
去年利潤增長(chang)到2億零100萬(wan)美元(yuan)。
3、by a factor of
詞組by a factor of在《朗文(wen)雙解》中(zhong)的解釋為"if something increases or decreases by a factor of N,it increases or decreases by N times."以(yi)N倍的系數增加或減少。