陽(yang)山雞,廣(guang)東(dong)省清(qing)遠市陽(yang)山縣特產(chan),全國農產(chan)品地理標志。
陽山雞屬三黃(huang)(huang)(huang)雞種,胸深而身軀(qu)長,背(bei)平(ping),前后軀(qu)基本(ben)相等,體型(xing)(xing)呈長方型(xing)(xing),頭稍大(da)(da),翹(qiao)翅、主翼羽和主尾羽短或(huo)缺,喙、皮、腳均為黃(huang)(huang)(huang)色(se)。母雞單片冠(guan)(guan)呈鮮紅色(se)但比公雞小,有5至(zhi)8個冠(guan)(guan)齒,肉髯(ran)、臉(lian)及耳葉呈紅色(se),虹彩橘(ju)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)色(se)。公雞單冠(guan)(guan)直(zhi)立,有6至(zhi)9個冠(guan)(guan)齒,冠(guan)(guan)、肉髯(ran)長,耳稍大(da)(da),呈鮮紅色(se),虹彩金黃(huang)(huang)(huang)色(se)。
2018年(nian)7月3日,中華人民共和國(guo)農業農村(cun)部正式(shi)批準對(dui)“陽山(shan)雞”實施農產(chan)品地(di)理標志登記保護。2019年(nian)12月17日,“陽山(shan)雞”入選2019年(nian)第四批全國(guo)名特優新(xin)農產(chan)品名錄。
陽(yang)山(shan)雞分布于廣東省西北(bei)(bei)部、連(lian)江中游、南嶺山(shan)脈南側(ce)的陽(yang)山(shan)縣,南連(lian)懷集、廣寧、清新縣,北(bei)(bei)接湖(hu)南宜章縣,東與(yu)英(ying)德、乳源(yuan)瑤(yao)族(zu)自治縣相(xiang)鄰,西與(yu)連(lian)南瑤(yao)族(zu)自治縣、連(lian)州市為(wei)界。地(di)域(yu)保護(hu)范圍為(wei)陽(yang)山(shan)縣全境,包括陽(yang)山(shan)縣轄下的江英(ying)、青蓮、黎(li)埠、嶺背(bei)等13個鄉鎮,地(di)理坐標在東經112°22′01″~113°01′06″,北(bei)(bei)緯23°58′47″~24°55′52″之間。面積3418平(ping)方(fang)公里,年出(chu)欄(lan)200萬只,年產量3千噸。
地形地貌:陽山(shan)縣(xian)地形復雜,丘陵起伏、山(shan)地陡(dou)峻,峽谷眾多,主要(yao)以山(shan)地為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,約(yue)占(zhan)全(quan)縣(xian)總面積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)90%,盆地及沖積(ji)(ji)平原約(yue)占(zhan)10%。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)差(cha)相(xiang)當大(da),最低(di)(di)的(de)(de)青蓮小(xiao)(xiao)北(bei)(bei)江(jiang)沿岸海(hai)拔(ba)不(bu)到(dao)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)全(quan)省(sheng)第一峰石坑崆海(hai)拔(ba)1902米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)相(xiang)差(cha)1850米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。陽山(shan)縣(xian)省(sheng)級(ji)生態公(gong)(gong)益林居(ju)全(quan)省(sheng)之首,面積(ji)(ji)達(da)1626.69平方(fang)(fang)公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),森林復蓋率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)72.97%,林木綠化(hua)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)(wei)76.5%。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)條(tiao)件:陽山(shan)縣(xian)屬粵(yue)北(bei)(bei)地重點石灰巖(yan)山(shan)區(qu)縣(xian),土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)類型(xing)主要(yao)有山(shan)地紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)、山(shan)地黃壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)草甸土(tu)、石灰土(tu)才(cai)紫色(se)土(tu),主要(yao)以紅(hong)黃壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,占(zhan)50.37%,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)呈微酸性;其(qi)次為(wei)(wei)(wei)紅(hong)色(se)石灰土(tu),占(zhan)19.49%,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)呈微堿性;此外還有面積(ji)(ji)不(bu)少土(tu)層淺薄(bo),巖(yan)石裸露(lu)的(de)(de)石灰巖(yan)石質土(tu),占(zhan)29.39%。適(shi)宜種(zhong)植玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、番薯等粗(cu)糧,陽山(shan)雞以玉(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主食(shi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)提供了營養、健康的(de)(de)飼(si)料。水(shui)文情(qing)況(kuang):陽山(shan)縣(xian)內河(he)系(xi)屬珠江(jiang)流(liu)域北(bei)(bei)江(jiang)水(shui)系(xi),境(jing)(jing)內小(xiao)(xiao)河(he)流(liu)眾多,集(ji)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)面積(ji)(ji)100平方(fang)(fang)公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)以上的(de)(de)主、支(zhi)河(he)流(liu)有13條(tiao),河(he)流(liu)大(da)多屬山(shan)區(qu)型(xing)。縣(xian)境(jing)(jing)年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)徑(jing)流(liu)量(liang)79.08億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(不(bu)含過境(jing)(jing)客水(shui)),過境(jing)(jing)客水(shui)徑(jing)流(liu)量(liang)38.6億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),水(shui)量(liang)充(chong)(chong)足。已建中(zhong)型(xing)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)3宗(zong)、小(xiao)(xiao)(一)型(xing)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)11宗(zong)、小(xiao)(xiao)(二)型(xing)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)38宗(zong),較大(da)的(de)(de)塘壩129宗(zong),總控制(zhi)集(ji)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)面積(ji)(ji)252.29平方(fang)(fang)公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),總庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)1.096億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候情(qing)況(kuang):陽山(shan)縣(xian)屬亞熱帶季風性氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和,年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)20.3℃,最冷(leng)月1月,平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)10.1℃,最熱月7月,平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)28.7℃,年(nian)(nian)極端最低(di)(di)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)-3.2℃,極端最熱氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)39.9℃,歷年(nian)(nian)日平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度≥5℃的(de)(de)天氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)長達(da)345天。年(nian)(nian)降雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)1850毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),主要(yao)集(ji)中(zhong)在春(chun)夏(xia)兩季,年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)濕度78%,全(quan)年(nian)(nian)無霜期(qi)322天。地形復雜,高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)差(cha)相(xiang)當大(da),最低(di)(di)的(de)(de)青蓮小(xiao)(xiao)北(bei)(bei)江(jiang)沿岸海(hai)拔(ba)不(bu)到(dao)50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),最高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)全(quan)省(sheng)第一峰石坑崆海(hai)拔(ba)1902米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)相(xiang)差(cha)1850米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),隨著高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)度的(de)(de)不(bu)同而形成不(bu)同的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候帶,垂直氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候差(cha)異達(da)到(dao)9℃,光照(zhao)充(chong)(chong)足,年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)光照(zhao)時數(shu)1617.7h,≥10℃氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)年(nian)(nian)積(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)達(da)6236.5℃。這(zhe)種(zhong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)差(cha)異春(chun)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)夏(xia)暑,秋旱冬(dong)寒四季分明,光照(zhao)充(chong)(chong)足,雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)充(chong)(chong)沛。
外(wai)在感官特征(zheng)(zheng):陽(yang)山(shan)雞(ji)屬三(san)黃雞(ji)種,胸深而身(shen)軀長,背平,前后軀基本(ben)相等,體(ti)型呈(cheng)(cheng)長方型,頭稍(shao)大,翹(qiao)翅、主翼羽和主尾羽短或缺(que),喙、皮(pi)(pi)、腳均為(wei)(wei)黃色。母雞(ji)單片(pian)冠(guan)呈(cheng)(cheng)鮮(xian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)色但(dan)比公(gong)雞(ji)小,有(you)5至8個(ge)冠(guan)齒(chi),肉(rou)(rou)髯(ran)、臉及耳(er)葉呈(cheng)(cheng)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)色,虹(hong)彩(cai)橘(ju)黃色。公(gong)雞(ji)單冠(guan)直立,有(you)6至9個(ge)冠(guan)齒(chi),冠(guan)、肉(rou)(rou)髯(ran)長,耳(er)稍(shao)大,呈(cheng)(cheng)鮮(xian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)色,虹(hong)彩(cai)金(jin)黃色。內在品質指標:陽(yang)山(shan)雞(ji)肌肉(rou)(rou)豐滿,皮(pi)(pi)薄骨細(xi),肉(rou)(rou)質嫩(nen)滑,品嘗起來皮(pi)(pi)爽脆、肉(rou)(rou)質幼嫩(nen)、久嚼不膩(ni)、雞(ji)味(wei)濃郁鮮(xian)美。營(ying)養(yang)豐富,并含(han)有(you)人(ren)體(ti)所需的多種微(wei)量元素。據檢測,陽(yang)山(shan)雞(ji)肉(rou)(rou)蛋白(bai)質含(han)量為(wei)(wei)24.0~26.0%,脂肪含(han)量為(wei)(wei)0.5~0.6%,每百(bai)克(ke)雞(ji)肉(rou)(rou)中(zhong),油(you)酸(suan)含(han)量為(wei)(wei)0.35~0.6g,亞油(you)酸(suan)含(han)量為(wei)(wei)0.17~0.25g,肌酐酸(suan)含(han)量為(wei)(wei)96.0~131mg。安全(quan)要求:禁(jin)止使用(yong)國家禁(jin)止使用(yong)的獸(shou)藥飼養(yang)陽(yang)山(shan)雞(ji)。做好生產記(ji)錄(lu)、飼料、飼料添加劑和獸(shou)藥使用(yong)記(ji)錄(lu)、消毒(du)記(ji)錄(lu)、免疫記(ji)錄(lu)、診療記(ji)錄(lu)、防疫監測記(ji)錄(lu)、病(bing)死畜禽(qin)無害化處理記(ji)錄(lu)。出欄時活雞(ji)外(wai)貌特征(zheng)(zheng)應符合陽(yang)山(shan)雞(ji)品種標準(zhun)的要求,健(jian)康(kang)無病(bing),符合上(shang)市日齡的雞(ji)。