芒果视频

一.產品介紹

武義縣(xian)種(zhong)植鐵皮(pi)石(shi)斛歷(li)史悠久，相傳唐(tang)朝(chao)年(nian)(nian)間(jian)，曾為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)高宗、武則天等(deng)五代皇(huang)帝(di)做過御(yu)(yu)醫(yi)的(de)(de)養(yang)生大師葉法(fa)善(shan)晚年(nian)(nian)隱(yin)居于武義西南山區（原宣平縣(xian)）一(yi)帶，為(wei)(wei)后(hou)人(ren)留(liu)下許(xu)多御(yu)(yu)用(yong)秘(mi)方(fang)，而武義鐵皮(pi)石(shi)斛正是這(zhe)些組(zu)方(fang)、遺方(fang)中的(de)(de)精華所在(zai)。明朝(chao)崇禎丙(bing)子(zi)年(nian)(nian)修訂的(de)(de)《宣平縣(xian)志》（1958年(nian)(nian)原宣平縣(xian)撤銷建制并入武義縣(xian)）記載，“石(shi)斛，俗名(ming)(ming)吊蘭……以(yi)沙(sha)石(shi)栽之(zhi)或以(yi)物(wu)盛掛檐下，經(jing)年(nian)(nian)不死，俗名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)千年(nian)(nian)潤。”明確(que)了武義鐵皮(pi)石(shi)斛人(ren)工栽培已有370多年(nian)(nian)歷(li)史。 近年(nian)(nian)來(lai)，武義鐵皮(pi)石(shi)斛產(chan)(chan)業發展迅速，先后(hou)獲得中國義烏(wu)（國際）森林產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)博覽會金(jin)獎(jiang)、金(jin)華市優質農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)金(jin)獎(jiang)等(deng)獎(jiang)項；同(tong)時被(bei)評為(wei)(wei)浙(zhe)江名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)、金(jin)華名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)、浙(zhe)江名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)(pai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)、金(jin)華市知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)商品(pin)(pin)稱(cheng)號等(deng)榮譽稱(cheng)號。

二.自然生態環境和人(ren)文歷(li)史因素(su)

1、地(di)(di)(di)理地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao) 武義(yi)鐵(tie)皮石(shi)斛種植(zhi)于(yu)武義(yi)縣(xian)中(zhong)南(nan)部(bu)山(shan)區，屬仙霞嶺(ling)山(shan)脈，丹霞地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)帶。地(di)(di)(di)勢南(nan)高北低，三面環(huan)山(shan)，峰巒疊嶂，丘陵(ling)蜿蜒起伏，植(zhi)被豐富。海拔(ba)千(qian)米(mi)(mi)以上的(de)山(shan)峰有79座(zuo)，最(zui)高峰牛頭山(shan)國(guo)家森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)公園位于(yu)武義(yi)、遂昌(chang)兩縣(xian)交界，峰高1560米(mi)(mi)，為浙中(zhong)第一(yi)峰。境內(nei)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)茂(mao)密，覆蓋(gai)率(lv)達(da)85.93%（全(quan)縣(xian)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)覆蓋(gai)率(lv)達(da)72%），自然(ran)生態環(huan)境優(you)越，非(fei)常適宜鐵(tie)皮石(shi)斛的(de)生長。 2、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di) 保護區內(nei)有紅(hong)壤(rang)、黃壤(rang)、巖石(shi)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)、潮(chao)土(tu)(tu)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)土(tu)(tu)5個土(tu)(tu)類(lei)，主(zhu)要為紅(hong)壤(rang)、黃壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)呈地(di)(di)(di)域性(xing)和垂直分布，PH值為5.5-7.5，微酸性(xing)或酸性(xing)，土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肥(fei)(fei)沃，富含有機質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)有機質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)均(jun)含量(liang)達(da)4.03%），保水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保肥(fei)(fei)能力(li)強，排灌條(tiao)件好(hao)。 3、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文 境內(nei)中(zhong)部(bu)由(you)東至西以大(da)殿嶺(ling)至樊嶺(ling)為界，形成南(nan)北兩大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系。南(nan)部(bu)河流(liu)入麗江(jiang)(jiang)大(da)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)，屬甌江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系，主(zhu)要河流(liu)有東溪(xi)(xi)(xi)與西溪(xi)(xi)(xi)，以及兩溪(xi)(xi)(xi)匯(hui)流(liu)后的(de)午(wu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)（宣平(ping)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)）；北部(bu)河流(liu)入金華婺江(jiang)(jiang)，屬錢塘江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系，主(zhu)要河流(liu)為武義(yi)江(jiang)(jiang)及其一(yi)二級(ji)支流(liu)麻(ma)陽港(gang)、熟溪(xi)(xi)(xi)等(deng)。保護區內(nei)大(da)小河流(liu)密布，均(jun)屬山(shan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)性(xing)河流(liu)，上游為崇山(shan)峻(jun)嶺(ling)，源(yuan)短流(liu)急，河床狹(xia)窄比降大(da)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)豐沛(pei)，洪(hong)枯明顯。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)清(qing)澈、純(chun)凈(jing)。建有宣平(ping)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫（庫容3105萬(wan)立方）、源(yuan)口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫（庫容2220萬(wan)立方）兩座(zuo)中(zhong)型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)均(jun)達(da)到(dao)國(guo)家Ⅱ級(ji)飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標準，是理想的(de)農業(ye)生產(chan)和生活用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。 4、氣(qi)候 武義(yi)鐵(tie)皮石(shi)斛種植(zhi)區域屬亞(ya)熱(re)帶季風氣(qi)候。年(nian)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)16.9℃，年(nian)際間在16.2～17.6℃范圍內(nei)變(bian)動。1月(yue)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)4.8℃，7月(yue)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)28.4℃。年(nian)最(zui)低溫(wen)-8℃、最(zui)高溫(wen)39℃，極端溫(wen)度日(ri)數少。年(nian)均(jun)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1524毫米(mi)(mi)，相對(dui)濕度為81%。年(nian)均(jun)日(ri)照1838小時，日(ri)照率(lv)41%。無霜期279天(tian)。山(shan)間云霧(wu)繚(liao)繞，夏季涼爽。

三.地域范圍

武(wu)義(yi)鐵皮石斛(hu)農產(chan)品(pin)地理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)地域保(bao)護(hu)范圍，東(dong)至泉溪鎮車蘇和千丈(zhang)巖(yan)，南到三港(gang)(gang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)三港(gang)(gang)村，西起西聯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)大(da)坑(keng)下，北(bei)(bei)至白(bai)姆(mu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)張坑(keng)和長蛇形村，地理(li)坐標(biao)為東(dong)經119°28′—119°55′，北(bei)(bei)緯28°32′—28°50′，包括武(wu)義(yi)縣(xian)王宅(zhai)鎮、白(bai)姆(mu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、泉溪鎮、俞源鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、熟溪街道、坦洪(hong)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、柳城鎮、桃溪鎮、新宅(zhai)鎮、西聯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)田鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、三港(gang)(gang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)溪口鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)等(deng)13個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮街道95個(ge)行政(zheng)村。可種植面積2388.7公(gong)頃(qing)，2011年種植面積452公(gong)頃(qing)。

四.產品品質(zhi)特性特征(zheng)

1、外(wai)在(zai)感(gan)官特征 1.1鮮(xian)(xian)品(pin) 莖(jing)(jing)(jing)黃(huang)(huang)綠(lv)色(se)，縱紋色(se)淺。花(hua)(hua)黃(huang)(huang)綠(lv)色(se)。略具青草(cao)香氣(qi)，味(wei)淡或(huo)微甜，嚼之初(chu)有(you)(you)黏滑(hua)感(gan)，繼(ji)有(you)(you)濃厚粘(zhan)滯感(gan)。園柱形(xing)(xing)，橫斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，節間微胖(pang)；節明顯，節間1.3 cm～1.7cm，不分(fen)枝，莖(jing)(jing)(jing)粗(cu)2mm～6mm，葉(xie)二列(lie)，互生，矩園狀(zhuang)披針形(xing)(xing)，基部下(xia)延(yan)為(wei)抱(bao)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)的鞘(qiao)，邊緣(yuan)和(he)中肋常帶淡紫(zi)色(se)，葉(xie)鞘(qiao)常具紫(zi)斑，老(lao)時其上緣(yuan)與莖(jing)(jing)(jing)松離(li)而(er)張開，并且留下(xia)1個環狀(zhuang)鐵青的間隙。總狀(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)序常從葉(xie)的老(lao)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)上部發出，具花(hua)(hua)2朵～3朵；萼片和(he)花(hua)(hua)瓣黃(huang)(huang)綠(lv)色(se)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)園狀(zhuang)披針形(xing)(xing)，長(chang)(chang)(chang)約1.8cm，寬(kuan)4mm～5mm。 1.2干品(pin)（鐵皮楓(feng)斗） 黃(huang)(huang)綠(lv)色(se)。略具青草(cao)香氣(qi)，味(wei)淡，后微甜，嚼之初(chu)有(you)(you)黏滑(hua)感(gan)，繼(ji)有(you)(you)濃厚粘(zhan)滯感(gan)，無渣(zha)滓。呈螺(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)形(xing)(xing)或(huo)彈簧狀(zhuang)，一(yi)般為(wei)3～5個旋(xuan)(xuan)紋，莖(jing)(jing)(jing)拉直(zhi)后長(chang)(chang)(chang)3.5cm～8 cm，直(zhi)徑0.2cm～0.3 cm，表(biao)面(mian)(mian)有(you)(you)細(xi)縱皺紋，質(zhi)堅實，易折(zhe)斷(duan)(duan)，斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)(mian)平坦。 2、內在(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)指標(biao) 2.1鮮(xian)(xian)品(pin) 水分(fen)≤88%，粗(cu)多糖(tang)(tang)（以(yi)葡萄(tao)糖(tang)(tang)計(ji)）≥25%（干燥后）。 2.2干品(pin)(鐵皮楓(feng)斗) 水分(fen)≤12%，灰(hui)分(fen)≤6.0%，酸不溶性灰(hui)分(fen)≤1.2%，浸出物≥6.5％，粗(cu)多糖(tang)(tang)（以(yi)無水葡萄(tao)糖(tang)(tang)計(ji)）≥25%，甘(gan)露糖(tang)(tang)與葡萄(tao)糖(tang)(tang)峰(feng)面(mian)(mian)積比為(wei)2.4～8.0，甘(gan)露糖(tang)(tang)13.0％～38.0％。 2.3、安全要(yao)求 執行浙江省(sheng)地方標(biao)準《無公害 鐵皮石斛》（DB33/635.4-2007）的標(biao)準。

五(wu).特定生產方(fang)式

1、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze) 武義(yi)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze)在(zai)(zai)距(ju)離交通主(zhu)干(gan)道(dao)100m以(yi)(yi)(yi)外，遠離廠礦企業(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)(deng)污染源，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)良好(hao)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)源充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)可(ke)持續生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)河谷、山谷坡(po)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)臺坡(po)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)等(deng)(deng)(deng)區域。基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)度(du)在(zai)(zai)250～800米(mi)間(jian)，土壤肥(fei)沃(wo)，土層大(da)于(yu)(yu)30cm，排灌(guan)良好(hao)，相對(dui)(dui)集中連片，可(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化、規模(mo)化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。大(da)氣、水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)條件必須符合(he)浙江省地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)準《無公害(hai)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)》產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)環境(jing)（DB33/T635.1-2007）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)。 2、品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)要求(qiu) 選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)性(xing)、抗逆性(xing)強，豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)性(xing)、商品(pin)(pin)(pin)性(xing)好(hao)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)效成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)含(han)量(liang)高(gao)，適(shi)(shi)宜(yi)(yi)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“仙斛(hu)1號”、“仙斛(hu)2號”等(deng)(deng)(deng)優(you)(you)良品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)（品(pin)(pin)(pin)系）。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)種(zhong)苗(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)應(ying)(ying)符合(he)《中國植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)志》收(shou)(shou)載的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蘭(lan)科(ke)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)特征，并經過(guo)(guo)鑒定(ding)確認。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)組織培養技術培育(yu)(yu)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)、原(yuan)球(qiu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)誘導苗(miao)和(he)不(bu)定(ding)芽誘導苗(miao)。原(yuan)球(qiu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)繼(ji)代(dai)(dai)控(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)3代(dai)(dai)～5代(dai)(dai)，不(bu)定(ding)芽繼(ji)代(dai)(dai)控(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)3代(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)內(nei)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)應(ying)(ying)該為(wei)非污染、無爛莖(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、爛根(gen)、黃(huang)葉，葉齡在(zai)(zai)4片以(yi)(yi)(yi)上，正常展(zhan)開(kai)，葉色嫩綠或翠綠。苗(miao)株(zhu)高(gao)≥2.5厘(li)米(mi)，莖(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)粗≥0.2厘(li)米(mi)。 3、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)(guo)程管理(li)(li)(li)(li) 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)(guo)程嚴(yan)格按照《有(you)(you)(you)(you)機產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)》第一(yi)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)：生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)（GB/T19630.1-2005）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)標(biao)準化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，確保(bao)(bao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)全。 3.1場地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)準備 栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培設(she)(she)施搭建(jian)前(qian)先深(shen)翻(fan)土壤20cm～30cm，暴曬，表面(mian)撒生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)100kg/667平方米(mi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)深(shen)翻(fan)消毒(du)。架設(she)(she)玻璃溫室或大(da)棚，配置(zhi)(zhi)遮(zhe)(zhe)陽網、噴霧和(he)灌(guan)溉(gai)等(deng)(deng)(deng)設(she)(she)備設(she)(she)施。開(kai)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)作畦，畦寬1.2m～1.4m、長(chang)(chang)≤40m；畦面(mian)呈(cheng)龜背型，畦高(gao)約(yue)15cm；開(kai)好(hao)畦溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)、圍溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)，使溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)相通，并有(you)(you)(you)(you)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)。 3.2鋪(pu)設(she)(she)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 要求(qiu)土層深(shen)大(da)于(yu)(yu)30cm，將(jiang)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鋪(pu)在(zai)(zai)土層上，高(gao)約(yue)10cm，可(ke)播(bo)種(zhong)共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)菌菌種(zhong)。基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)選(xuan)擇(ze)松鱗、苔蘚、植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)根(gen)、莖(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、葉及(ji)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)片等(deng)(deng)(deng)。基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前(qian)應(ying)(ying)該經堆制(zhi)發(fa)酵3～4天(tian)(tian)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)，含(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)控(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)60%左右。 3.3種(zhong)苗(miao)移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)間(jian)宜(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)3月(yue)下旬(xun)～10月(yue)底。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)將(jiang)組培苗(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養基(ji)充(chong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)清洗干(gan)凈(jing)。移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)2株(zhu)～4株(zhu)為(wei)一(yi)叢(cong)，按10cm×10cm行(xing)株(zhu)距(ju)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)。 3.4移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)肥(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)溫管理(li)(li)(li)(li) 在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期，應(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)(zhe)陽降低(di)光(guang)(guang)照。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)適(shi)(shi)宜(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)為(wei)15℃～28℃，栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培棚內(nei)溫度(du)應(ying)(ying)低(di)于(yu)(yu)45℃，高(gao)于(yu)(yu)0℃。在(zai)(zai)入冬季之前(qian)，要對(dui)(dui)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)抗凍(dong)煉苗(miao)并適(shi)(shi)當降溫。越(yue)冬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)，要注(zhu)意保(bao)(bao)溫。基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)偏干(gan)為(wei)好(hao)，栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)后(hou)視植(zhi)株(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)情(qing)況(kuang)，在(zai)(zai)第三天(tian)(tian)開(kai)始(shi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)第一(yi)次澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)。若遇天(tian)(tian)氣干(gan)旱，可(ke)結合(he)追(zhui)肥(fei)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。伏天(tian)(tian)干(gan)旱，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)早晚噴水(shui)(shui)(shui)，切勿(wu)在(zai)(zai)陽光(guang)(guang)暴曬下進(jin)(jin)行(xing)。雨季時(shi)，要及(ji)時(shi)清溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)墑(di)，加(jia)深(shen)畦溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)和(he)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)，及(ji)時(shi)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)一(yi)周后(hou)開(kai)始(shi)施肥(fei)，禁止施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化學(xue)肥(fei)料、城(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活垃(la)圾、醫院垃(la)圾、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)垃(la)圾和(he)糞便(bian)，只施腐熟有(you)(you)(you)(you)機肥(fei)或商品(pin)(pin)(pin)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機肥(fei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)全。 3.5病(bing)(bing)蟲草(cao)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi) 栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)后(hou)要及(ji)時(shi)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)除草(cao)和(he)松土，禁止使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)任何除草(cao)劑。病(bing)(bing)蟲害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)遵循(xun)“預(yu)防(fang)(fang)為(wei)主(zhu)、綜合(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)保(bao)(bao)方針，優(you)(you)先采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農業(ye)(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)預(yu)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)、清理(li)(li)(li)(li)場地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)周圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雜物(wu)(wu)、棚內(nei)外嚴(yan)格隔離，應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)(zhe)蔭網，合(he)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)通風(feng)、降濕(shi)。綜合(he)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)物(wu)(wu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)措施，開(kai)展(zhan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)竹醋液、石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)、黑光(guang)(guang)燈誘殺(sha)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)其他生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)農藥(yao)(yao)、礦物(wu)(wu)農藥(yao)(yao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)綜合(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)蟲害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。禁止使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化學(xue)合(he)成(cheng)農藥(yao)(yao)，防(fang)(fang)止有(you)(you)(you)(you)毒(du)有(you)(you)(you)(you)害(hai)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)(dui)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污染。 4、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)與加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong) 采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)兩年以(yi)(yi)(yi)上生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上部分(fen)(fen)(fen)植(zhi)株(zhu)。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)可(ke)全年按成(cheng)熟度(du)分(fen)(fen)(fen)批分(fen)(fen)(fen)期進(jin)(jin)行(xing)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)制(zhi)作鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮楓斗(dou)(dou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，則11月(yue)至次年4月(yue)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)前(qian)對(dui)(dui)所有(you)(you)(you)(you)器具(ju)、運(yun)輸車(che)輛、包裝物(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)檢(jian)修、清洗、消毒(du)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)后(hou)及(ji)時(shi)取樣，檢(jian)測多(duo)糖、水(shui)(shui)(shui)份等(deng)(deng)(deng)，貯藏陰涼潮濕(shi)處，防(fang)(fang)凍(dong)。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮楓斗(dou)(dou)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)：將(jiang)鮮(xian)(xian)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)在(zai)(zai)炭(tan)火(huo)上微烤(kao)(kao)，并不(bu)斷翻(fan)動，使受熱(re)均勻，撿較長(chang)(chang)者酌予剪斷成(cheng)約(yue)5～7cm長(chang)(chang)。烤(kao)(kao)至枝條柔軟(ruan)時(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)雙手的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)拇指、食指、中指夾住莖(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩端，緩緩用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)力(li)扭(niu)曲，邊扭(niu)邊烤(kao)(kao)，待繞(rao)成(cheng)了3～5環，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手指壓成(cheng)螺旋形圓柱狀，再(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)牛(niu)皮紙(zhi)(zhi)固定(ding)，置(zhi)(zhi)通風(feng)處放置(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)日(ri)(ri)，拆(chai)去紙(zhi)(zhi)條，再(zai)在(zai)(zai)炭(tan)火(huo)上烘烤(kao)(kao)至干(gan)。 5、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄 建(jian)立(li)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮石(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)田(tian)間(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)檔(dang)案、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)檔(dang)案。記(ji)錄土壤、灌(guan)溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、空(kong)氣等(deng)(deng)(deng)環境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)狀況(kuang)和(he)小氣候(hou)資料；如(ru)實(shi)記(ji)載育(yu)(yu)苗(miao)、移(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)間(jian)，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農業(ye)(ye)投入品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名稱(cheng)、來源、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)和(he)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)日(ri)(ri)期，病(bing)(bing)蟲草(cao)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)況(kuang)；產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)時(shi)間(jian)、采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)量(liang)、鮮(xian)(xian)重和(he)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、干(gan)燥、干(gan)燥減重、運(yun)輸、貯藏以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)培訓情(qing)況(kuang)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄實(shi)行(xing)專(zhuan)人負責(ze)，及(ji)時(shi)歸(gui)檔(dang)，保(bao)(bao)存期三年以(yi)(yi)(yi)上。

六(liu).包裝標識相關(guan)規定

1、包(bao)裝(zhuang) 包(bao)裝(zhuang)材料符合食品(pin)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)求，應(ying)干燥、清(qing)潔、無(wu)(wu)毒(du)、無(wu)(wu)異(yi)氣味，不影響產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)。包(bao)裝(zhuang)應(ying)牢固、防(fang)(fang)潮、整潔。 2、標(biao)識(shi)(shi) 銷(xiao)售的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)包(bao)裝(zhuang)標(biao)簽應(ying)標(biao)明產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)、采摘日期(qi)（或(huo)(huo)包(bao)裝(zhuang)日期(qi)）、凈含量、保(bao)(bao)質(zhi)(zhi)期(qi)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)編號(hao)、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)單位（或(huo)(huo)經銷(xiao)單位）名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)和地(di)址。標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)人(ren)應(ying)在(zai)其產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)或(huo)(huo)其包(bao)裝(zhuang)上標(biao)有(you)“武(wu)(wu)義(yi)鐵(tie)(tie)皮(pi)石斛”字(zi)樣和農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)公(gong)共(gong)標(biao)識(shi)(shi)。經認證(zheng)獲得無(wu)(wu)公(gong)害、綠色或(huo)(huo)有(you)機產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)皮(pi)石斛可在(zai)包(bao)裝(zhuang)上加貼相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量標(biao)志(zhi)。 3、貯藏 選(xuan)擇(ze)清(qing)潔、衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)、無(wu)(wu)污染的(de)(de)(de)場所。嚴(yan)禁與有(you)毒(du)、有(you)害、有(you)異(yi)味、易污染的(de)(de)(de)物品(pin)放(fang)在(zai)一(yi)起。 4、運輸(shu)(shu) 產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)運輸(shu)(shu)應(ying)選(xuan)擇(ze)清(qing)潔、衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)、無(wu)(wu)污染的(de)(de)(de)運輸(shu)(shu)工具，運輸(shu)(shu)過程應(ying)防(fang)(fang)止雨淋、暴曬。嚴(yan)禁與其他(ta)有(you)毒(du)有(you)害物混運。 5、標(biao)識(shi)(shi)管理 地(di)域范(fan)圍內的(de)(de)(de)武(wu)(wu)義(yi)鐵(tie)(tie)皮(pi)石斛生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營者，在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)或(huo)(huo)包(bao)裝(zhuang)上使(shi)用(yong)已獲得等級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)武(wu)(wu)義(yi)鐵(tie)(tie)皮(pi)石斛地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)，須向(xiang)登記(ji)證(zheng)書持有(you)人(ren)提出(chu)申請，并簽訂(ding)相(xiang)關(guan)合同，按照(zhao)相(xiang)關(guan)要(yao)求規范(fan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和使(shi)用(yong)標(biao)志(zhi)，統一(yi)采用(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)和農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)公(gong)共(gong)標(biao)識(shi)(shi)相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)識(shi)(shi)標(biao)注方法(fa)。