一、二手車經銷商收購二手車增值稅可以抵扣嗎
按照《二手車流通管理辦法》(商務部令2005年第2號公布)規定,二手車經銷企業銷售二(er)手車時(shi),應當向買(mai)(mai)方開(kai)具(ju)稅務機關監制(zhi)的(de)統一發(fa)(fa)票(piao)(piao)(piao)。因(yin)二(er)手車銷售統一發(fa)(fa)票(piao)(piao)(piao)不是有效的(de)增(zeng)值(zhi)稅扣稅憑證,為維護購買(mai)(mai)方納(na)(na)稅人(ren)的(de)進項抵扣權益,公(gong)告明確,從事二(er)手車經銷業(ye)務的(de)納(na)(na)稅人(ren)除按(an)規定(ding)開(kai)具(ju)二(er)手車銷售統一發(fa)(fa)票(piao)(piao)(piao)外(wai),購買(mai)(mai)方索取(qu)增(zeng)值(zhi)稅專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)發(fa)(fa)票(piao)(piao)(piao)的(de),納(na)(na)稅人(ren)應當為其開(kai)具(ju)征(zheng)收率為0.5%的(de)增(zeng)值(zhi)稅專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)發(fa)(fa)票(piao)(piao)(piao)。
需要注意的(de)(de)是(shi),根(gen)據《中(zhong)華人(ren)民(min)共(gong)和國增值(zhi)稅(shui)暫(zan)行(xing)條例》相(xiang)關規(gui)定,如果購(gou)買方為(wei)消(xiao)費者(zhe)個人(ren),從(cong)事(shi)二(er)手車經銷業務(wu)的(de)(de)納稅(shui)人(ren)不得為(wei)其(qi)開(kai)具增值(zhi)稅(shui)專用發票。
一般納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人在辦理增(zeng)值(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)申(shen)報(bao)(bao)時,減按0.5%征(zheng)(zheng)收(shou)率征(zheng)(zheng)收(shou)增(zeng)值(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)銷售額(e)(e),應當填(tian)寫在《增(zeng)值(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)申(shen)報(bao)(bao)表附列(lie)資料(一)》(本期銷售情況明細)“二、簡易(yi)計稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方法計稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)”中“3%征(zheng)(zheng)收(shou)率的(de)貨物及加(jia)工修理修配勞務”相(xiang)應欄次;對應減征(zheng)(zheng)的(de)增(zeng)值(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)應納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)額(e)(e),按銷售額(e)(e)的(de)2.5%計算填(tian)寫在《增(zeng)值(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)申(shen)報(bao)(bao)表(一般納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人適用)》“應納(na)(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)額(e)(e)減征(zheng)(zheng)額(e)(e)”及《增(zeng)值(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)減免稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)申(shen)報(bao)(bao)明細表》減稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)項目相(xiang)應欄次。
小規模(mo)納(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人在辦理增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)納(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)申(shen)報時,減(jian)(jian)(jian)按(an)0.5%征(zheng)收率征(zheng)收增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的銷(xiao)(xiao)售額(e)(e)(e)(e),應(ying)(ying)當填寫在《增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)納(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)申(shen)報表(小規模(mo)納(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人適(shi)(shi)用(yong))》“應(ying)(ying)征(zheng)增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)不含稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)銷(xiao)(xiao)售額(e)(e)(e)(e)(3%征(zheng)收率)”相應(ying)(ying)欄(lan)次;對(dui)應(ying)(ying)減(jian)(jian)(jian)征(zheng)的增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)應(ying)(ying)納(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)額(e)(e)(e)(e),按(an)銷(xiao)(xiao)售額(e)(e)(e)(e)的2.5%計算填寫在《增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)納(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)申(shen)報表(小規模(mo)納(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人適(shi)(shi)用(yong))》“本期應(ying)(ying)納(na)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)額(e)(e)(e)(e)減(jian)(jian)(jian)征(zheng)額(e)(e)(e)(e)”及《增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)減(jian)(jian)(jian)免稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)申(shen)報明細表》減(jian)(jian)(jian)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)項目相應(ying)(ying)欄(lan)次。
二、二手車經銷商銷售二手車增值稅計算公式
為提高新(xin)出臺二手車(che)經銷(xiao)業務減征增(zeng)值(zhi)稅政策執行(xing)的(de)(de)確定性和統(tong)一性,公(gong)告明確,自2020年(nian)(nian)5月1日(ri)至2023年(nian)(nian)12月31日(ri),從事二手車(che)經銷(xiao)業務的(de)(de)納稅人銷(xiao)售(shou)其(qi)收購的(de)(de)二手車(che),減按0.5%征收率征收增(zeng)值(zhi)稅,并按下列公(gong)式計算銷(xiao)售(shou)額(e):
銷(xiao)售額=含(han)稅銷(xiao)售額/(1+0.5%)
同時,為規范征(zheng)管,本(ben)公(gong)告發布后新(xin)出(chu)臺的(de)增值(zhi)稅(shui)征(zheng)收率變(bian)動政(zheng)策,均比照上述公(gong)式原理計算銷售額(e)。