傳統炮龍(long)(long)年(nian)年(nian)舞,年(nian)年(nian)傳統舞炮龍(long)(long)。賓(bin)陽舞炮龍(long)(long)孕(yun)育(yu)于宋、元朝,發(fa)展、形成(cheng)于明朝、成(cheng)熟于清末(mo)民國,在上千(qian)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展歷史(shi)中,形成(cheng)了歷史(shi)淵源的(de)(de)(de)悠(you)久(jiu)性、文(wen)化(hua)(hua)內(nei)涵(han)的(de)(de)(de)豐富性、外來文(wen)化(hua)(hua)與本(ben)土文(wen)化(hua)(hua)共生的(de)(de)(de)融合性、民眾參與的(de)(de)(de)積極性等(deng)特征,不但具(ju)有獨特的(de)(de)(de)中華(hua)龍(long)(long)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)研究價值(zhi),也具(ju)有滿足民眾禳災祈福(fu)的(de)(de)(de)心理需(xu)求的(de)(de)(de)精神價值(zhi)。
據介(jie)紹(shao),在北宋儂智(zhi)高起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)義(yi)時,三聯(lian)杜區是賓陽府所在地(di),當時官(guan)兵與(yu)起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)義(yi)軍(jun)就(jiu)在附近激戰,但未(wei)分勝(sheng)負。于是官(guan)兵就(jiu)想出了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)個辦法:在正月十一(yi)這(zhe)天全城扎起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)炮龍(long)張燈節(jie)(jie)彩,而(er)城里居民(min)(min)提前過起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)(le)元宵節(jie)(jie),城內(nei)一(yi)片喜慶祥和的(de)氣氛。儂智(zhi)高探得(de)消息后被迷惑了(le)(le)(le),以為(wei)對方正在過節(jie)(jie)不會(hui)有(you)軍(jun)事行(xing)動(dong),放松了(le)(le)(le)警惕(ti),結果(guo)被官(guan)兵突襲(xi)打敗了(le)(le)(le)。此后,當地(di)的(de)居民(min)(min)便(bian)每年都定期過起(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)了(le)(le)(le)炮龍(long)節(jie)(jie)。
20世紀(ji)80年(nian)代后,賓(bin)陽人(ren)民生(sheng)活水平提高,炮龍節(jie)(jie)規模更為盛(sheng)大(da)。1993年(nian)炮龍節(jie)(jie),賓(bin)陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委(wei)(wei)、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)隆重召開炮龍節(jie)(jie)招待會,邀請廣西區(qu)、地、鄰縣(xian)(xian)(xian)各(ge)廳(ting)、部、委(wei)(wei)、辦、局、銀行、公(gong)司、軍分區(qu)等有關領導及(ji)海外(wai)僑胞,港(gang)澳臺(tai)胞、外(wai)籍在華(hua)的(de)(de)專家(jia)、教(jiao)授等200多人(ren)參加。這年(nian)炮龍節(jie)(jie),為歷史上最隆重、最盛(sheng)大(da)的(de)(de)一次,共有炮龍28條,游遍(bian)全城12條街道,熱鬧通(tong)屑達旦。2007年(nian),為了(le)展示賓(bin)陽悠(you)久的(de)(de)歷史和深厚(hou)的(de)(de)文化底蘊,獨特豐富的(de)(de)民俗(su)風情,打響炮龍文化特色品牌(pai),賓(bin)陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委(wei)(wei)、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府(fu)決定舉(ju)辦百龍舞賓(bin)州炮龍節(jie)(jie)活動。
起源于(yu)北宋年間的(de)賓陽炮龍(long)節,被(bei)譽(yu)為(wei)“中國狂(kuang)歡節”,每(mei)年農(nong)歷正月十一舉行。當(dang)日晚上主(zhu)要街道上群(qun)龍(long)勁舞,鞭炮齊鳴。每(mei)條炮龍(long)長達(da)三四十米,被(bei)視(shi)為(wei)新年神物。主(zhu)要活動儀(yi)程如(ru)下:
開(kai)始(shi)的(de)點睛儀式,一(yi)個阿婆(po)拿著一(yi)只雞(ji),咬破雞(ji)冠(guan),把(ba)血蘸在(zai)(zai)筆上,涂在(zai)(zai)龍(long)的(de)眼(yan)睛和舌頭上,隨后開(kai)始(shi)舞龍(long)。
令人(ren)稱(cheng)奇的是(shi),舞(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)者(zhe)都是(shi)赤裸(luo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)身。在(zai)點(dian)睛儀式之(zhi)后(hou)(hou),人(ren)群中馬上(shang)(shang)(shang)有人(ren)點(dian)燃(ran)鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)扔向(xiang)(xiang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)身炸(zha)龍(long)(long)(long)(long),噼里啪啦的鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)不(bu)(bu)停從各(ge)個方向(xiang)(xiang)扔往龍(long)(long)(long)(long)身,而袒(tan)胸露背的舞(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)者(zhe)則(ze)快(kuai)速(su)舞(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)躲(duo)避。在(zai)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)老(lao)廟,二(er)十條巨龍(long)(long)(long)(long)左騰右挪,開始向(xiang)(xiang)周圍(wei)街道進發(fa)。每到(dao)一(yi)(yi)處(chu),無數的炸(zha)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)人(ren)緊緊圍(wei)追;每家每戶也從房頂點(dian)燃(ran)鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao),從高空炸(zha)龍(long)(long)(long)(long),舞(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)者(zhe)則(ze)不(bu)(bu)停奔跑躲(duo)閃。據介紹,鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)炸(zha)龍(long)(long)(long)(long),主要是(shi)祈(qi)求(qiu)來年(nian)風調雨(yu)順、富貴平安。炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)光中游(you)舞(wu)時,很(hen)多(duo)膽大的游(you)客紛(fen)紛(fen)擠到(dao)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)周圍(wei),伺機鉆龍(long)(long)(long)(long)肚(du)。傳說,鉆龍(long)(long)(long)(long)肚(du)能(neng)帶(dai)來一(yi)(yi)年(nian)的吉(ji)祥如(ru)意;情侶攜手鉆龍(long)(long)(long)(long)肚(du),則(ze)能(neng)喜結(jie)良緣,所以很(hen)多(duo)人(ren)樂(le)此(ci)不(bu)(bu)疲(pi)地鉆龍(long)(long)(long)(long)肚(du)。炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)走過之(zhi)后(hou)(hou),許多(duo)居民依然興致不(bu)(bu)減,一(yi)(yi)些男(nan)子脖上(shang)(shang)(shang)掛著一(yi)(yi)串串鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao),在(zai)街上(shang)(shang)(shang)如(ru)同玩雜技一(yi)(yi)般(ban),點(dian)燃(ran)鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao),在(zai)頭頂旋轉(zhuan)幾圈,然后(hou)(hou)拋向(xiang)(xiang)空中。許多(duo)女子也“巾幗不(bu)(bu)讓須眉”,點(dian)燃(ran)鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)后(hou)(hou)如(ru)同跳(tiao)舞(wu)一(yi)(yi)般(ban),在(zai)原地旋轉(zhuan)幾圈,然后(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)慌不(bu)(bu)忙將正在(zai)鳴放的鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)扔向(xiang)(xiang)空中、地上(shang)(shang)(shang)。
舞龍結束后,人們把被鞭炮炸得只(zhi)剩(sheng)骨架(jia)的(de)龍頭當柴火(huo)燒,再在上面支(zhi)起一口(kou)大鍋,在鍋里放上米和各(ge)種(zhong)佐料,熬(ao)成“龍粥(zhou)”,給(gei)大家(jia)喝,慰勞(lao)舞龍的(de)勇士(shi)。據(ju)說喝了龍粥(zhou)能去百病,幸福安康。
游彩(cai)(cai)架(jia)(jia)即彩(cai)(cai)架(jia)(jia)游行。游行的(de)(de)隊(dui)列由(you)彩(cai)(cai)色(se)臺(tai)架(jia)(jia)、舞龍、舞獅、彩(cai)(cai)燈、音(yin)樂柜等組(zu)成,隊(dui)伍(wu)長有(you)半里(li)(li)甚至一(yi)里(li)(li)以上(shang),由(you)獅隊(dui)開路,舞龍保尾(wei),中間彩(cai)(cai)架(jia)(jia)4臺(tai),每臺(tai)配一(yi)套文武(wu)場(chang)(樂隊(dui))。每臺(tai)彩(cai)(cai)架(jia)(jia)由(you)4人(ren)肩(jian)抬,臺(tai)上(shang)以數個(ge)孩(hai)童扮飾某一(yi)特定(ding)情景(jing)的(de)(de)形象造型(xing),每人(ren)坐立于(yu)特制(zhi)的(de)(de)手指或(huo)佩(pei)帶的(de)(de)傘、扇、劍、弓(gong)、刀(dao)之(zhi)類的(de)(de)小道具上(shang),裝配巧(qiao)妙(miao),神氣(qi)妙(miao)趣(qu)。
時間(jian):上午11時18分
8頭雄師在陣陣鑼聲(sheng)(sheng)、鼓(gu)聲(sheng)(sheng)和觀眾的(de)笑(xiao)聲(sheng)(sheng)、歌聲(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)時(shi)而騰空(kong),時(shi)而搖(yao)頭晃腦(nao)。
“彩架(jia),出場啦!”在(zai)市民的掌(zhang)聲中,6臺彩架(jia)終于“干呼萬喚(huan)始出來(lai)”。首先入場的是賓陽南(nan)街社區“蓮花飄香”、“大戰洪洲(zhou)”2臺彩架(jia);隨(sui)后出來(lai)的仁(ren)愛社區的“甘(gan)(gan)露滿(man)人間(jian)”彩架(jia)上,觀音童女身(shen)披(pi)紗衣,手揮“仙草”灑下點滴甘(gan)(gan)露;而三聯社區的彩架(jia)是“梁祝姻(yin)緣(yuan)”、“三姐傳情”。
彩(cai)架(jia)(jia)游行時,一般裝制4、8、10臺(tai)不等,伴以舞龍、舞獅、彩(cai)燈(deng)、音(yin)樂(le)柜(ju)等,隊伍有250米至500米長。每臺(tai)彩(cai)架(jia)(jia)由4人肩(jian)抬,彩(cai)架(jia)(jia)上(shang)有數名孩童(tong)扮(ban)飾的(de)某一特定情景的(de)形象(xiang)造(zao)型(xing),或坐(zuo)或立,手里(li)還有伴劍、弓、刀之類的(de)小道具,裝配巧(qiao)妙,五彩(cai)繽紛(fen)。
吃燈(deng)酒(jiu)是(shi)(shi)賓陽人(ren)民(min)(min)歡度(du)炮(pao)龍節的一個重要(yao)傳(chuan)統習(xi)俗。這天也是(shi)(shi)正值正月十一那一天。“燈(deng)盞(zhan)花開歡盛世,酒(jiu)香人(ren)醉樂綿綿”,這是(shi)(shi)古人(ren)贊頌(song)賓陽燈(deng)酒(jiu)節的詩句,也描繪了(le)太(tai)平盛世喜(xi)慶豐年的美好(hao)(hao)景象。燈(deng)酒(jiu)本是(shi)(shi)“丁(ding)酒(jiu)”,是(shi)(shi)有喜(xi)得(de)貴子(zi)(民(min)(min)間也叫(jiao)“添丁(ding)”)的人(ren)家為了(le)表示慶賀,獻出閹雞等好(hao)(hao)菜好(hao)(hao)酒(jiu)宴請鄰居街坊(fang)共同慶祝,同時(shi)希望來(lai)參加的各家各戶(hu)也人(ren)丁(ding)興旺(wang)(wang),來(lai)年喜(xi)得(de)貴子(zi)事業興旺(wang)(wang)發達。“丁(ding)酒(jiu)”仍(reng)是(shi)(shi)北宋以前人(ren)民(min)(min)所說的“丁(ding)酒(jiu)”,只是(shi)(shi)賦予(yu)了(le)燈(deng)酒(jiu)會時(shi)人(ren)們(men)聯絡(luo)感情(qing),規劃創造(zao)美好(hao)(hao)未來(lai)等更(geng)多新(xin)意。
燈會(hui)(hui)俗稱“燈酒(jiu)會(hui)(hui)”,活動內容(rong)有鄉飲和(he)取(qu)燈。鄉飲以(yi)村(cun)屯和(he)街(jie)巷為單位,由上一(yi)年(nian)生(sheng)男(nan)(nan)丁(ding)(俗稱白花)的家長(chang)擔任“頭人(ren)”籌集(ji)“丁(ding)款”和(he)負責所有事務。各人(ren)聚集(ji)祠(ci)堂或者村(cun)社(she)商討當年(nian)的農業生(sheng)產(chan),宣布村(cun)規民約,然后會(hui)(hui)餐。取(qu)燈乃“求嗣取(qu)丁(ding)”之意。燈會(hui)(hui)前,取(qu)燈者選(xuan)擇(ze)生(sheng)有三男(nan)(nan)二(er)女(nv)的男(nan)(nan)人(ren)為“抱花岳(yue)父”和(he)一(yi)位擅長(chang)山歌(ge)的“抱花岳(yue)母”,向燈會(hui)(hui)頭人(ren)報告取(qu)燈意圖,頭人(ren)找人(ren)制作一(yi)盞貼有麒麟玲(ling)瓏(long)的“蓮花燈”。燈會(hui)(hui)當日,取(qu)燈儀式在社(she)廟或祠(ci)堂舉行,“抱花岳(yue)父”提著“蓮花燈”,眾人(ren)在“頭人(ren)”引(yin)導下,敲鑼打鼓(gu)給(gei)取(qu)燈人(ren)家送去。
舞炮(pao)龍是整個炮(pao)龍節(jie)的高(gao)潮所(suo)在,主要包括開光、舞龍、舞炮(pao)龍、送龍等活動(dong)。
開光(guang)(guang)。正(zheng)月(yue)十一晚(wan)的七時正(zheng)(PM19:00),在廟宇或社(she)稷之處為炮龍開光(guang)(guang)。
時間:傍晚7時
當(dang)天傍晚6時40分,從(cong)四面八方奔涌(yong)到位于老街的(de)炮(pao)龍(long)老廟(miao)開光點(dian)的(de)市民與游客(ke),一睹炮(pao)龍(long)舞風采,宏偉的(de)廟(miao)內真(zhen)是人山人海(hai)。
只見一條(tiao)條(tiao)白須巨龍(long)被(bei)蓋住(zhu)雙眼,幾百位(wei)警察維護(hu)秩序。在跑龍(long)老廟的(de)門前(qian),一位(wei)祭師拿著一只雞,等待開光;旁邊的(de)角落香火裊(niao)裊(niao),不時有群眾去燒香;許多臺(tai)攝像機、照(zhao)相機早(zao)巳等候(hou)。
時間到(dao)晚(wan)上7時。
“開光!”開光祭師(shi)大聲說。人(ren)(ren)群像炸開了鍋,紛紛涌向開光點,使開光處的人(ren)(ren)群混亂,幾(ji)乎失控。
兩名男青年舞(wu)(wu)著子珠和財珠,帶領龍(long)(long)頭(tou)靠近窗口開光(guang)。拿(na)雞(ji)的祭師用(yong)嘴咬破雞(ji)的羽冠后,用(yong)雞(ji)血(xue)(xue)對準龍(long)(long)嘴內(nei)含的龍(long)(long)珠涂(tu)血(xue)(xue),跑龍(long)(long)老廟(miao)另一位主持撕開遮(zhe)蓋雞(ji)眼睛(jing)的布。當龍(long)(long)頭(tou)向(xiang)上仰,祭師拿(na)雞(ji)準備涂(tu)龍(long)(long)眼時(shi),站(zhan)在窗口下面的人群沖到龍(long)(long)頭(tou)下面,伸手去抓龍(long)(long)須。白須巨龍(long)(long)的雙眼涂(tu)雞(ji)血(xue)(xue)后,高仰著頭(tou)轉(zhuan)身(shen)離開。“啪啪啪”,鞭炮聲在四(si)面八方響起,巨龍(long)(long)王狂舞(wu)(wu),鞭炮聲響徹(che)云霄。
開光儀式(shi)結(jie)束后,由龍牌、鑼鼓、八音(yin)(嗩吶、京胡、二胡、大(da)胡、秦(qin)琴(qin)、大(da)小鑼鼓、鈸、木魚)等樂器開路,火籃高舉,火把相隨,按事(shi)先安(an)排好的線(xian)路,在賓(bin)陽縣(xian)城所在地蘆(lu)圩鎮的中(zhong)興、永武、同仁,楓江(jiang)、太平、仁愛等11條街道(dao)循序漸進。
舞龍(long)(long)。炮龍(long)(long)以龍(long)(long)珠(zhu)、龍(long)(long)牌(龍(long)(long)燈(deng))、鑼鼓、文(wen)武(wu)場開(kai)路,照明(火(huo)把燈(deng))及護龍(long)(long)隊首尾隨(sui)龍(long)(long)而(er)(er)進,火(huo)銃隊則負責燃放火(huo)藥(yao)增加龍(long)(long)隨(sui)云(yun)騰而(er)(er)起(qi)之勢。
舞(wu)炮(pao)龍(long)。“舞(wu)炮(pao)龍(long)”即以燃放“鞭炮(pao)”彈燒狂舞(wu)之龍(long)。民間認為炮(pao)燒得越多,龍(long)在自家門前停得越久越吉祥,并認為炮(pao)龍(long)節(jie)蘊含著(zhu)祈求風調雨順、生意興(xing)隆及喜添貴子(zi)之意。
送龍(long)。炮(pao)龍(long)舞到(dao)村頭街(jie)尾(wei),舞龍(long)隊集中到(dao)既定(ding)地點,由會首舉行傳統送龍(long)儀式,然后生火(huo)將龍(long)焚燒,送龍(long)升天。
時間(jian):晚上,19時00分至(zhi)次日凌晨轟隆(long)的(de)炮聲震耳欲聾,空氣中(zhong)彌漫著(zhu)(zhu)濃(nong)烈的(de)火(huo)藥(yao)味,火(huo)把此刻揮動著(zhu)(zhu),佛光寺(si)前臨浦街已是一片(pian)火(huo)的(de)歡(huan)騰,此時人(ren)群在這里歡(huan)呼著(zhu)(zhu),不知疲倦的(de)游(you)客(ke)伸長脖子望著(zhu)(zhu),生(sheng)怕錯過每個精(jing)彩(cai)的(de)鏡頭。
舞龍(long)(long)者頭(tou)戴藤(teng)帽,身(shen)系腰(yao)帶,吆喝著赤膊(bo)上(shang)陣,任(ren)由鞭炮(pao)在身(shen)邊(bian)爆(bao)炸。炮(pao)助龍(long)(long)興,龍(long)(long)憑炮(pao)威(wei),18條(tiao)巨龍(long)(long)時(shi)而高昂起頭(tou),向天(tian)空噴射出一(yi)團(tuan)團(tuan)火焰(yan);時(shi)而搖擺奔騰,和光(guang)彩奪目的(de)大金珠相(xiang)互輝映。一(yi)串串的(de)電光(guang)爆(bao)竹,驚(jing)天(tian)動地脆響(xiang),為巨龍(long)(long)助威(wei)助興。
炮龍(long)所到之處,各家(jia)各戶(hu)都(dou)夾道相迎,將事先準備好的鞭(bian)炮拿出來燃(ran)放(fang)。有的家(jia)庭一(yi)買就(jiu)是(shi)幾十萬頭(tou)的鞭(bian)炮,從自(zi)家(jia)4樓懸掛而下,要燃(ran)放(fang)完(wan)這(zhe)些鞭(bian)炮,起碼需要20分鐘。炮龍(long)在(zai)鋪天蓋(gai)地(di)的爆(bao)竹(zhu)中左(zuo)右翻騰(teng)起舞(wu),給每一(yi)戶(hu)人(ren)家(jia)叩(kou)頭(tou)送(song)福(fu)。在(zai)當地(di)有個不成(cheng)文的規定(ding),就(jiu)是(shi)當這(zhe)一(yi)家(jia)的爆(bao)竹(zhu)未放(fang)完(wan)時,炮龍(long)是(shi)不能到另一(yi)家(jia)去(qu)舞(wu)的,因此,往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)一(yi)個通宵,炮龍(long)才舞(wu)過一(yi)條小(xiao)街(jie)。
當龍(long)(long)(long)(long)在(zai)炮(pao)光中游(you)舞(wu)時,人(ren)(ren)們紛紛擠到回廊下,伺(si)機“鉆龍(long)(long)(long)(long)肚(du)”,即(ji)從龍(long)(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)肚(du)皮下穿(chuan)行。傳(chuan)說(shuo)鉆了龍(long)(long)(long)(long)肚(du)能帶來一(yi)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)吉祥如意(yi):大人(ren)(ren)事業(ye)有成,家寇美滿;若是(shi)年(nian)輕的(de)(de)(de)情侶(lv)攜手鉆龍(long)(long)(long)(long),今(jin)生(sheng)定能喜(xi)結良緣(yuan),白頭偕(xie)老。鉆龍(long)(long)(long)(long)肚(du)不僅給人(ren)(ren)一(yi)種在(zai)炮(pao)聲火光中穿(chuan)行的(de)(de)(de)刺激感,更(geng)因(yin)它(ta)寄托了人(ren)(ren)們對美好生(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)向往……舞(wu)動的(de)(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)身(shen)(shen),片刻不熄的(de)(de)(de)爆竹聲,大人(ren)(ren)、青年(nian)、孩(hai)子紛紛穿(chuan)梭在(zai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)身(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)左(zuo)右,樂悠(you)悠(you)的(de)(de)(de),全(quan)然忽略爆竹在(zai)身(shen)(shen)邊炸響。
龍(long)(long)身的(de)每一(yi)件東西(xi)都代表著吉祥如意(yi):捋(lv)下幾絲龍(long)(long)須,系在(zai)家(jia)畜欄(lan)上,能求得(de)(de)家(jia)畜無(wu)病(bing)無(wu)瘟;扯一(yi)小塊(kuai)龍(long)(long)皮,保(bao)你五谷豐登;最吉祥的(de)是(shi)取得(de)(de)龍(long)(long)含于口中的(de)財珠,商人獲得(de)(de)此珠就能生意(yi)興旺、財源廣進。所以(yi),引(yin)來人們不遺余力地“搶(qiang)龍(long)(long)珠”,以(yi)博得(de)(de)一(yi)年的(de)好兆(zhao)頭(tou)。
據當(dang)(dang)地(di)人介紹,隨后當(dang)(dang)炮龍(long)(long)(long)行(xing)至街尾時,整條(tiao)龍(long)(long)(long)僅剩下(xia)(xia)骨架和筋。這(zhe)時由族中長者指(zhi)揮(hui)人們燃起(qi)火(huo)堆,奏(zou)響八音,把龍(long)(long)(long)投進火(huo)中,讓它隨著熊熊的(de)烈(lie)火(huo)升天(tian),這(zhe)叫做“送龍(long)(long)(long)歸天(tian)”、至此,舞龍(long)(long)(long)就(jiu)算(suan)結束了(le)(le)。人們就(jiu)著那堆熊熊烈(lie)火(huo),架起(qi)一(yi)口(kou)大鍋(guo)下(xia)(xia)了(le)(le)水;米(mi)、碎肉(rou)、作(zuo)料等熬一(yi)大鍋(guo)“龍(long)(long)(long)粥”以慰勞舞龍(long)(long)(long)的(de)勇(yong)士,各家各戶的(de)人們也紛紛來分享(xiang)“龍(long)(long)(long)粥”。據說喝了(le)(le)“龍(long)(long)(long)粥”能消痛去(qu)病。這(zhe)時天(tian)也大亮了(le)(le)。
炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)節(jie)距(ju)今已有(you)(you)(you)(you)150年歷史了。炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)比一(yi)般(ban)常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)彩龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)要大,裝(zhuang)裱(biao)簡單(dan),短有(you)(you)(you)(you)7節(jie),長有(you)(you)(you)(you)11節(jie)不(bu)等(deng);龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)長有(you)(you)(you)(you)30-40米(mi),龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)頭(tou)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)尾用竹(zhu)(zhu)篾扎制,用沙紙裝(zhuang)裱(biao),龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)身用色(se)布裝(zhuang)配。舉(ju)舞(wu)之前(qian),一(yi)般(ban)由組織單(dan)位(wei)(wei)發動(dong)(dong)捐獻,籌備(bei),張貼龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)路(即向(xiang)(xiang)全(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)各(ge)(ge)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)各(ge)(ge)戶發出邀(yao)請喜貼),敬請當日炮(pao)(pao)(pao)竹(zhu)(zhu)增光(guang)(guang)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日,黃昏時(shi)(shi)分,無論(lun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)舞(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)人(ren)(ren)(ren),還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鳴(ming)(ming)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)者,無論(lun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)父(fu)老鄉親還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)貴(gui)客嘉賓,他們從四面八方奔(ben)踴到(dao)(dao)各(ge)(ge)個(ge)(ge)開(kai)(kai)(kai)光(guang)(guang)點(dian),興奮地等(deng)待著(zhu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)光(guang)(guang)一(yi)刻。舉(ju)舞(wu)時(shi)(shi),組織單(dan)位(wei)(wei)首先舉(ju)行開(kai)(kai)(kai)光(guang)(guang)(開(kai)(kai)(kai)光(guang)(guang)可(ke)分多(duo)個(ge)(ge)點(dian))儀(yi)式。開(kai)(kai)(kai)光(guang)(guang)時(shi)(shi),"啪啪啪",總(zong)指揮準(zhun)時(shi)(shi)發出三發信號彈,震撼人(ren)(ren)(ren)心的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)光(guang)(guang)時(shi)(shi)刻突現(xian),多(duo)處(chu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)光(guang)(guang)點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)幾十條龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)同時(shi)(shi)向(xiang)(xiang)天地拜幾拜,迅速間萬(wan)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)齊鳴(ming)(ming),光(guang)(guang)焰沖天,巨龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)狂舞(wu),歡聲(sheng)雷(lei)動(dong)(dong)。整個(ge)(ge)縣城(cheng)(cheng)傾刻變成了炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)之城(cheng)(cheng),輝(hui)煌之城(cheng)(cheng)。開(kai)(kai)(kai)光(guang)(guang)后,由龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)牌、鑼(luo)鼓(gu)(gu)、八音(yin)(嗩吶(na)、京胡、二胡、大胡、秦琴等(deng)管弦樂器(qi)以(yi)大小鑼(luo)鼓(gu)(gu)、鈸、木魚(yu))等(deng)打擊樂器(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)路,高舉(ju)火(huo)藍(lan)、火(huo)把(ba)相隨,按事先安排的(de)(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)路循序漸(jian)進。舞(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)者可(ke)分多(duo)套人(ren)(ren)(ren)馬,輪流(liu)舉(ju)舞(wu),他們頭(tou)戴滕(teng)帽,身系腰(yao)帶,個(ge)(ge)個(ge)(ge)赤膞(zhuan)上陣(zhen)任(ren)由多(duo)少鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)爆灼。請看吧(ba),炮(pao)(pao)(pao)助(zhu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)興,龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)憑(ping)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)威(wei),那一(yi)條條穿(chuan)著(zhu)金色(se)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)袍的(de)(de)(de)巨龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long),時(shi)(shi)而高昂(ang)起頭(tou),向(xiang)(xiang)天空噴射出一(yi)團團吉祥的(de)(de)(de)火(huo)焰,時(shi)(shi)而搖(yao)著(zhu)奔(ben)騰,和光(guang)(guang)彩奪目的(de)(de)(de)太金珠(zhu)相戲相樂,一(yi)串(chuan)串(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)電光(guang)(guang)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)竹(zhu)(zhu),驚天動(dong)(dong)地煨(wei)響(xiang)著(zhu),為(wei)巨龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)助(zhu)威(wei)助(zhu)興。炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)每到(dao)(dao)各(ge)(ge)家各(ge)(ge)戶各(ge)(ge)單(dan)位(wei)(wei),都(dou)事先備(bei)足(zu)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)竹(zhu)(zhu)夾道(dao)(dao)而迎。凡(fan)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)到(dao)(dao)之處(chu),鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)齊鳴(ming)(ming),焰火(huo)繽紛,萬(wan)頭(tou)攢動(dong)(dong),鼓(gu)(gu)樂助(zhu)興,熱鬧非凡(fan)。炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)每到(dao)(dao)一(yi)家都(dou)必須待鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)響(xiang)停后方可(ke)向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)舞(wu)去(qu),放炮(pao)(pao)(pao)竹(zhu)(zhu)數量有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)戶放幾千頭(tou),有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)放數十萬(wan)頭(tou)。舞(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)一(yi)定要沿原來邀(yao)請的(de)(de)(de)大街小巷(xiang)舉(ju)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)舞(wu)去(qu),直到(dao)(dao)舞(wu)完(wan)所有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)街道(dao)(dao)為(wei)止。炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)舉(ju)舞(wu)一(yi)般(ban)連續晝(zhou)夜(ye),炮(pao)(pao)(pao)竹(zhu)(zhu)長鳴(ming)(ming),也可(ke)直至兩晝(zhou)夜(ye)。舞(wu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)者(人(ren)(ren)(ren)馬)不(bu)怕疲(pi)勞,晝(zhou)夜(ye)不(bu)睡,堅持到(dao)(dao)底。如有(you)(you)(you)(you)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)被(bei)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)毀,不(bu)管多(duo)少條龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)全(quan)(quan)在所不(bu)顧(gu)。炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)節(jie),人(ren)(ren)(ren)們看到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)城(cheng)(cheng)街巷(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)群萬(wan)頭(tou)贊動(dong)(dong),鞭(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)轟鳴(ming)(ming),霧氣沖天,竹(zhu)(zhu)光(guang)(guang)映紅滿城(cheng)(cheng),街道(dao)(dao)全(quan)(quan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鋪(pu)滿炮(pao)(pao)(pao)竹(zhu)(zhu)紙屑和火(huo)藥的(de)(de)(de)塵砂(sha)。
賓陽(yang)炮(pao)(pao)龍(long)之所以能夠(gou)久盛(sheng)不(bu)衰,全(quan)在于當地人民認為舞(wu)炮(pao)(pao)龍(long)能招吉(ji)(ji)祥興旺。當晚(wan)舞(wu)炮(pao)(pao)龍(long)時,有不(bu)少人抱子(zi)抱孫去鉆(zhan)"龍(long)肚",以求(qiu)吉(ji)(ji)祥;敬請(qing)炮(pao)(pao)龍(long)進自(zi)家屋(wu)宅舉舞(wu),更為吉(ji)(ji)利。有些(xie)群(qun)眾求(qiu)子(zi)心切(qie),早與龍(long)隊私下定取"龍(long)珠(zhu)",以求(qiu)添(tian)丁(ding)發財。
賓陽人(ren)對鞭炮(pao)(pao)(pao)有特(te)(te)殊的(de)感情,認為(wei)鞭炮(pao)(pao)(pao)代(dai)表(biao)“紅(hong)火(huo)吉(ji)利”,因此(ci),放(fang)(fang)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)的(de)和被炸(zha)(zha)的(de)人(ren),是(shi)“一(yi)個愿(yuan)(yuan)打一(yi)個愿(yuan)(yuan)挨”。令人(ren)驚奇的(de)是(shi),數十萬甚至(zhi)上(shang)百萬人(ren)參加的(de)狂歡節,狂而不(bu)(bu)亂,歡樂不(bu)(bu)斷,多年來鮮(xian)有安(an)全(quan)事故發生。據悉(xi),原(yuan)因一(yi)是(shi)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)節當(dang)晚(wan)所燃放(fang)(fang)的(de)是(shi)特(te)(te)制鞭炮(pao)(pao)(pao),稱為(wei)“龍(long)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)”,為(wei)當(dang)地炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)節特(te)(te)產(chan)(chan)。每響“龍(long)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)”裝藥不(bu)(bu)超過(guo)0.02克,因此(ci)威力(li)有限,即(ji)使在皮膚上(shang)炸(zha)(zha)開,也只能形成皮外傷(shang)痕(hen)。炸(zha)(zha)傷(shang)皮肉(rou)之后,不(bu)(bu)會(hui)很疼,3天之后會(hui)自(zi)己痊愈(yu),因為(wei)鞭炮(pao)(pao)(pao)里含有的(de)硫(liu)磺(huang)等物質有藥效,“龍(long)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)”不(bu)(bu)會(hui)傷(shang)人(ren)的(de)奧秘(mi)也在于(yu)此(ci)。再者是(shi)當(dang)地良好的(de)傳統,燃放(fang)(fang)鞭炮(pao)(pao)(pao)都自(zi)覺拋向安(an)全(quan)地帶(dai)。正是(shi)這些因素(su)使得這一(yi)傳統節日能歷(li)久彌新、長(chang)盛不(bu)(bu)衰,并成為(wei)中國(guo)國(guo)家級(ji)非(fei)物質文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)。
因(yin)為放(fang)(fang)小鞭(bian)(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)打在身上不會引起大(da)(da)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)害,所(suo)以賓(bin)陽舞炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)還有(you)一個老規矩:炸龍(long)(long)(long)(long)只能(neng)放(fang)(fang)“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)”(小鞭(bian)(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)),不能(neng)放(fang)(fang)大(da)(da)鞭(bian)(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)。如果被發現放(fang)(fang)大(da)(da)鞭(bian)(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)的(de)話,會被護(hu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)隊“隔離(li)處理”。在每條炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)周圍,都有(you)一支“護(hu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)隊”,他們都是手持火把的(de)威武壯漢,除了護(hu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long),還兼(jian)維持場面秩(zhi)序(xu)。比如,阻止(zhi)用不合規定的(de)鞭(bian)(bian)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)炸龍(long)(long)(long)(long),防止(zhi)人(ren)們過(guo)于靠近炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)而被炸傷(shang)(shang)(shang)擠傷(shang)(shang)(shang),遇到緊(jin)急(ji)情況,護(hu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)人(ren)也(ye)會立即處置(zhi)。因(yin)此,整個炮(pao)(pao)(pao)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)節(jie)得(de)以場面熱鬧卻(que)秩(zhi)序(xu)井然、人(ren)員安全。
以前整個縣(xian)城僅(jin)有幾條龍,而今很多(duo)社區都有了自己的專業扎(zha)龍人,千年“炮龍”在傳承保(bao)護的同時也正帶來更(geng)多(duo)民俗(su)熱(re)潮,師公劇、八(ba)音文(wen)武場、采(cai)茶(cha)戲、踩高(gao)蹺、對山歌(ge)等極具賓(bin)陽(yang)特色的民間文(wen)藝先后融入節慶之(zhi)中。
2014年(nian)南(nan)寧(賓(bin)(bin)陽(yang))—臺(tai)南(nan)(鹽水)雙炮(pao)文化交流啟動儀式(shi)已于1月16日(ri)(ri)在賓(bin)(bin)陽(yang)縣炮(pao)龍老廟隆重舉行。2月10日(ri)(ri),鹽水蜂(feng)炮(pao)到賓(bin)(bin)陽(yang)表演,2月14日(ri)(ri)元宵節,賓(bin)(bin)陽(yang)炮(pao)龍將再赴臺(tai)灣(wan),參加臺(tai)南(nan)鹽水蜂(feng)炮(pao)活(huo)動,自治區級(ji)非(fei)物質(zhi)文化遺產賓(bin)(bin)陽(yang)游彩(cai)架也將首度亮(liang)相寶島,分別是(shi)以廣西民(min)(min)間傳說為(wei)主題的(de)(de)“劉三姐”彩(cai)架和展現(xian)賓(bin)(bin)陽(yang)炮(pao)龍魅(mei)力(li)的(de)(de)“炮(pao)龍雄風”彩(cai)架。2014年(nian)赴臺(tai)交流的(de)(de)炮(pao)龍主要以突出民(min)(min)間藝(yi)術(shu)為(wei)主,全身(shen)采用反光顏料(liao)手繪圖(tu)案,并增加了“龍脊“、”龍裙“等部分工(gong)藝(yi),讓炮(pao)龍更加栩栩如生(sheng)。
如今,炮龍節的(de)影響力(li)逐步(bu)擴大,并(bing)形成了“百龍舞賓州”等特色品(pin)牌,活動內(nei)容日益(yi)多(duo)樣(yang)化,“游彩架”等特色民(min)俗也(ye)加(jia)入其中,有力(li)地推(tui)動了當(dang)地民(min)俗文化的(de)發展(zhan)。
2010年(nian)2月,2條賓陽(yang)(yang)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)龍參加(jia)新加(jia)坡春(chun)節“國際妝藝大游行(xing)”活(huo)(huo)動,讓(rang)眾多老華僑感受到濃濃中國味(wei)。近(jin)幾年(nian),賓陽(yang)(yang)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)龍和(he)臺灣(wan)臺南蜂炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)建成交(jiao)流平臺,并連續(xu)舉辦了(le)3屆南寧(賓陽(yang)(yang))—臺南(鹽水)“雙(shuang)炮(pao)(pao)(pao)(pao)”交(jiao)流系(xi)列(lie)活(huo)(huo)動。