一、工程造價是干什么的
工程造價簡(jian)單來說是(shi)就是(shi)計算(suan)工程的建造價格。
工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)的主要(yao)工(gong)作(zuo)內容是根(gen)據工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)建設相關地質資料、設計(ji)文(wen)件、圖紙等資料編制項(xiang)目(mu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量清(qing)單,通過工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量清(qing)單計(ji)算整個(ge)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量及(ji)(ji)價(jia)格,然后確定工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)使用(yong)的工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)費用(yong)定額,并在施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中及(ji)(ji)時計(ji)算工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量,工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后期根(gen)據工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)驗收情況和(he)施(shi)工(gong)實際情況完(wan)成結算,最后出具整個(ge)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的造價(jia)報告。
工程造價崗位職責:
1、隨時掌(zhang)握國家和地方政策性調價文(wen)件及(ji)建筑(zhu)材料價格的變動情況,熟悉省、市(shi)各有(you)關計(ji)價定額、估價表及(ji)收(shou)費標(biao)準、工程量清單計(ji)價規范,掌(zhang)握招(zhao)投標(biao)程序及(ji)法(fa)律法(fa)規。
2、熟知施(shi)工(gong)圖紙(zhi),參加圖紙(zhi)會審,經(jing)常(chang)深入施(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場了(le)解實際情況,參與隱蔽工(gong)程、分(fen)部(bu)工(gong)程、分(fen)項工(gong)程、竣工(gong)驗收(shou)等工(gong)作。
3、負責在工程投標階段及時、準確(que)做出(chu)整個工程概算、預算。
4、在施工(gong)整個過程(cheng)(cheng)中掌握施工(gong)現場情況及形象進度,按分(fen)(fen)部工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)、分(fen)(fen)項工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)計算工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)量和資金需用量,依據合同及其他有(you)(you)效文件和現場情況,做好工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進度款支付的審(shen)查工(gong)作(zuo),并制定工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)款撥(bo)付臺(tai)賬,按月上報有(you)(you)關領導。
5、及時(shi)將設(she)計、建設(she)、施工單位發生的(de)工程變更單進行核算。
二、工程造價的特點有哪些
1、工程造價的大額性
通(tong)常情況(kuang)下(xia),在一(yi)項工(gong)程(cheng)中,投(tou)資會起到很大的效用,工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價基(ji)本上都(dou)要(yao)涉及(ji)很大的資金問題,基(ji)本都(dou)是(shi)數(shu)百萬(wan)(wan)、千萬(wan)(wan),甚至是(shi)上億的項目(mu)資金。
2、工程造價的個別性和差異性
每(mei)個工程都有它獨特(te)的(de)(de)用途(tu)、功能和規模設計,每(mei)項工程的(de)(de)結構設計、造型設計、空(kong)間分割等都有獨自的(de)(de)要(yao)求,所以說工程造價是具(ju)有個別性(xing)和差異性(xing)的(de)(de)。
3、工程造價的動態性
在(zai)(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)從(cong)動工(gong)開始(shi)到竣(jun)工(gong)完(wan)成的這一(yi)(yi)段時(shi)間內(nei),在(zai)(zai)建造(zao)時(shi)會(hui)有一(yi)(yi)些因(yin)素的原(yuan)因(yin),對(dui)會(hui)工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)成一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的影響,例(li)如(ru)工(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的設計(ji)變(bian)化(hua)、材(cai)料(liao)變(bian)化(hua)、設備變(bian)更、費(fei)用等等不確(que)定(ding)因(yin)素。除了(le)以上(shang)因(yin)素之外,還有貸款利(li)率(lv)等一(yi)(yi)些利(li)率(lv)的動態(tai)因(yin)素,工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價在(zai)(zai)整個工(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)都是動態(tai)的,直至工(gong)程(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)之時(shi),工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價才最終確(que)定(ding)。
4、工程造價的層次性
工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)的層次(ci)性取決于整個(ge)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的層次(ci)性,一項(xiang)(xiang)建(jian)(jian)設的項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)中會含(han)有很多(duo)單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)小工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),一個(ge)單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)又被分為多(duo)個(ge)單(dan)(dan)位的工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),由此(ci)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)被分為了三個(ge)層次(ci),第一層是(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)設項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的總造價(jia)(jia)、第二層是(shi)(shi)單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)、第三層是(shi)(shi)單(dan)(dan)位工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)。其實按(an)照每個(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的專業分工(gong)會被分的更加細。
5、工程造價的兼容性
工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)的(de)兼容性表現在工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)說(shuo)構(gou)成的(de)廣泛性和復雜(za)性,對(dui)于(yu)(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)中除了費(fei)用之外(wai),盈利的(de)結構(gou)也相當復雜(za),對(dui)于(yu)(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)成本也較大。