一、直流屏蓄電池為什么要進行活化

直流屏蓄電池需要定時的進行充放電才能保持活性，直流屏廠家都知道這個道理，但是很多用戶購買了直流屏以后，由于項目(mu)原因直流(liu)屏長(chang)期擱(ge)置不用或(huo)者(zhe)直流(liu)屏蓄(xu)電(dian)池管理不當，造(zao)成(cheng)直流(liu)屏蓄(xu)電(dian)池失(shi)去(qu)活性，這時就需要進行蓄(xu)電(dian)池活化處理，那(nei)么(me)什么(me)是(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池活化呢？

通常(chang)，鉛酸蓄電池(chi)(chi)由于(yu)長期擱置不(bu)用，或者由于(yu)長期欠充電，會(hui)導(dao)致(zhi)活性物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)主要是負極活性物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)硫化(hua)失效，容量衰減，這時，可以進行幾次(ci)大電流的(de)充電和放電以激活這些硫化(hua)的(de)活性物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)，這個過(guo)程(cheng)就叫活化(hua)。直流屏蓄電池(chi)(chi)活化(hua)實際上就是電池(chi)(chi)核(he)對性容量試驗，通過(guo)試驗來得知電池(chi)(chi)目前的(de)實際保(bao)有容量。

該圖片由注冊用戶"天空之城"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、直流屏蓄電池放電試驗操作方法

直(zhi)流屏蓄電(dian)(dian)池放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)試驗(yan)每(mei)半年進行一次，放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)負(fu)荷為變電(dian)(dian)站實際直(zhi)流負(fu)荷，必(bi)要時可以加入事故照明及(ji)逆變負(fu)荷。考(kao)慮到變電(dian)(dian)站事故處理的緊迫性(xing)，尤其是煤(mei)礦地(di)面變電(dian)(dian)站，每(mei)次放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)時間不得低于2小時。蓄電(dian)(dian)池放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)試驗(yan)應盡量選擇設備(bei)檢修的時間，以避免因操作不當(dang)引起系(xi)統(tong)失電(dian)(dian)導致機電(dian)(dian)事故。

1、將(jiang)直(zhi)流屏微機監控單元切換到主界(jie)面，選擇參(can)數顯示。檢(jian)查(cha)各運行參(can)數均在正(zheng)常范(fan)圍(wei)。

2、將直流(liu)屏交(jiao)流(liu)進線開(kai)關斷(duan)開(kai)（兩路，先(xian)斷(duan)備用(yong)再斷(duan)主用(yong)，避免(mian)不(bu)必(bi)要的(de)交(jiao)流(liu)電源(yuan)自動切換(huan)），高頻開(kai)關電源(yuan)整流(liu)器停止工作，蓄電池(chi)組(zu)即刻不(bu)間(jian)斷(duan)地向(xiang)直流(liu)母線供電。同時觀察微機監(jian)控單(dan)元參數顯示界面的(de)變化（電池(chi)總電壓、單(dan)只蓄電池(chi)電壓、放電電流(liu)）。

3、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)試驗(yan)期間(jian)應每隔20分鐘(zhong)對(dui)直流屏巡(xun)視記錄(lu)一次(ci)，記錄(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池總電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、單只蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流等的參(can)數。放電(dian)(dian)(dian)開始第一次(ci)記錄(lu)時用萬(wan)用表或標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)表核對(dui)一次(ci)單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)與觸(chu)摸屏顯示的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)是(shi)否相符(fu)，以避免傳感器故障造(zao)成的微機監控(kong)單元(yuan)與實(shi)際蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不相符(fu)。

4、放電(dian)試驗期間(jian)應同時檢查(cha)各蓄電(dian)池本體有無(wu)異(yi)常（電(dian)池溫度有無(wu)異(yi)常、有無(wu)鼓包、有無(wu)放電(dian)聲響(xiang)）。

5、放(fang)電(dian)(dian)試(shi)驗過程中如(ru)有(you)單只蓄電(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)壓低(di)于(yu)11V，應立即停止放(fang)電(dian)(dian)試(shi)驗，將交流(liu)進線恢(hui)復送(song)電(dian)(dian)，記錄各項數據及放(fang)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間（開(kai)始放(fang)電(dian)(dian)到終止放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的時(shi)間）。如(ru)果有(you)單只蓄電(dian)(dian)池低(di)于(yu)11V的應該考慮(lv)盡早更(geng)換整套全部電(dian)(dian)池，以確保萬無一失(shi)。

6、直流屏蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)總(zong)電(dian)(dian)壓放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)如果在2小時之內減少到(dao)205V時（按照廠家的技術資(zi)料要求到(dao)200V為(wei)(wei)止，考慮到(dao)實際(ji)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)試(shi)驗操作(zuo)時，為(wei)(wei)避(bi)免人(ren)員因素發現(xian)不(bu)及(ji)時造(zao)成(cheng)過放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)），應立即(ji)停止放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)試(shi)驗，將交(jiao)流進線恢(hui)復送電(dian)(dian)，即(ji)對蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，以免蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)過放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)而(er)損壞，如果不(bu)能立即(ji)恢(hui)復交(jiao)流進線供電(dian)(dian)，必須蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)的放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)總(zong)開關爭(zheng)取在24小時內對蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

記(ji)錄放(fang)(fang)電時(shi)間（開始放(fang)(fang)電到(dao)結束放(fang)(fang)電的時(shi)間）、初始和終止(zhi)放(fang)(fang)電時(shi)的放(fang)(fang)電電流(liu)。如果出現上述(shu)情況應該考(kao)慮盡早更換整套全(quan)部電池，以確保(bao)萬無一失。

三、直流屏蓄電池日常維護使用注意事項

1、直流屏調試運(yun)行后(hou)，整(zheng)流器(qi)應長期運(yun)行工(gong)作(zuo)，對蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)進(jin)行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和對母線(xian)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)保持(chi)滿容量的最佳工(gong)作(zuo)狀態，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)不(bu)能故(gu)意循(xun)環放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，以免蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)因使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)當(dang)而損壞或大幅降低使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命（蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)循(xun)環放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)即(ji):將蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)滿后(hou)停止整(zheng)流器(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)，用(yong)(yong)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供母線(xian)負(fu)載(zai)，蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到終止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，又給(gei)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，如此(ci)循(xun)環使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)。此(ci)行為(wei)會大幅降低蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命）。

2、直流屏所配蓄電(dian)(dian)池閑置(zhi)6個月后(hou)（包括未安裝及安裝后(hou)未運行的情況），必須對其(qi)進行補充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，以免(mian)蓄電(dian)(dian)池組因欠(qian)充(chong)而損壞或大幅降低使(shi)用壽命。

特別提(ti)醒：現在很多變電站直流屏(ping)蓄(xu)電池從安裝投運開始已(yi)經三四年了，由于當時技術(shu)力量欠(qian)缺或者沒(mei)有仔細閱(yue)讀直流屏(ping)使用(yong)說明(ming)書，從來沒(mei)有進行過蓄(xu)電池的放電試驗，此種情況下(xia)，蓄(xu)電池壽命基本上(shang)已(yi)經大打折(zhe)扣了。