【人體脂肪測量儀】脂肪電子體重稱靠譜嗎 如何自制脂肪測量儀

該圖片由注冊用戶"美麗約"提供，版權聲明反饋

脂肪電子體重稱靠譜嗎

僅僅體重并不代表健康，人們越來越擔心自己體內的脂肪，因而各種人體脂肪測量儀產品出現在商場。

人體(ti)(ti)脂肪(fang)的(de)含量，即脂肪(fang)率的(de)正確(que)檢(jian)測方法(fa)是將(jiang)人體(ti)(ti)全(quan)部(bu)沒入水中，測出排水率（體(ti)(ti)積(ji)），再根據(ju)體(ti)(ti)重求出人體(ti)(ti)的(de)比重，由此推斷出人體(ti)(ti)的(de)脂肪(fang)率。但在(zai)日(ri)常情況(kuang)下(xia)這種方法(fa)不太現實。

人(ren)的(de)身體(ti)含(han)(han)水(shui)量(liang)約為70％，這(zhe)些水(shui)份(fen)絕大部分存在于血液、瘦肉及內(nei)臟中(zhong)，而(er)(er)脂(zhi)肪(fang)(fang)(fang)中(zhong)含(han)(han)水(shui)量(liang)極低(di)。體(ti)內(nei)水(shui)份(fen)由(you)于溶解(jie)有各種(zhong)成(cheng)分而(er)(er)呈現低(di)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)，脂(zhi)肪(fang)(fang)(fang)卻(que)呈現高電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)，因(yin)而(er)(er)人(ren)體(ti)中(zhong)脂(zhi)肪(fang)(fang)(fang)和(he)(he)水(shui)的(de)比例影響到人(ren)體(ti)的(de)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)，如果考慮脂(zhi)肪(fang)(fang)(fang)和(he)(he)水(shui)份(fen)的(de)合成(cheng)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)，則脂(zhi)肪(fang)(fang)(fang)多的(de)人(ren)體(ti)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)值(zhi)就高。目前市售的(de)各種(zhong)人(ren)體(ti)脂(zhi)肪(fang)(fang)(fang)測量(liang)儀(yi)幾乎(hu)都是以測量(liang)體(ti)電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)方法(fa)來推測脂(zhi)肪(fang)(fang)(fang)量(liang)，圖1為某產品的(de)檢測方法(fa)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"美麗約"提供，版權聲明反饋

如何自制脂肪測量儀

下面介紹一款可自制的簡易人體脂肪測量儀。

考慮(lv)到(dao)簡(jian)單易制，信號(hao)源采(cai)用(yong)了(le)5kHz的正弦波，且不用(yong)單片機、數(shu)字顯示(shi)等，同時考慮(lv)到(dao)同一個人使用(yong)，只要了(le)解自身體脂肪(fang)的變化情況就可(ke)以了(le)，因而也(ye)未考慮(lv)人的的身高、體重對檢測的影響。

該圖片由注冊用戶"美麗約"提供，版權聲明反饋

由T1、T2構成(cheng)文氏(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)橋振蕩器，產(chan)生5KHz的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)弦(xian)波，經C5送到一只(zhi)腳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上(shang)，另一只(zhi)腳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)相(xiang)連，即人(ren)體(ti)兩支(zhi)腳掌(zhang)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)與(yu)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)源并(bing)(bing)聯。由于人(ren)體(ti)兩腳間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)一般在數百kΩ以上(shang)，故(gu)其(qi)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)輸入(ru)(ru)采用(yong)(yong)了高輸入(ru)(ru)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)抗的(de)(de)(de)(de)射極(ji)(ji)跟隨器T3；把(ba)T3輸出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)經二(er)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)整(zheng)流取出(chu)(chu)與(yu)體(ti)脂(zhi)肪率相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，再經一級射極(ji)(ji)跟隨器T4輸出(chu)(chu)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)表。由于輸入(ru)(ru)到檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)很小，而常規的(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)整(zheng)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)不適用(yong)(yong)于小信(xin)(xin)號(hao)，故(gu)利用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)R12給二(er)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)加(jia)(jia)一偏(pian)置電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，使(shi)二(er)極(ji)(ji)管(guan)在無信(xin)(xin)號(hao)時仍(reng)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通過，就可以增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)對小信(xin)(xin)號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)能(neng)力(li)；與(yu)此對應(ying)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了由R15和(he)VR2的(de)(de)(de)(de)調(diao)零電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，以抵消前述偏(pian)置電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)對測(ce)量(liang)結果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。由于是(shi)采用(yong)(yong)數字電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)表來測(ce)量(liang)檢(jian)測(ce)結果(guo)，故(gu)檢(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)之后未設計放大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。兩腳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)可用(yong)(yong)食品包(bao)裝(zhuang)鋁箔剪成(cheng)四(si)塊園片，每(mei)腳兩塊；取絕緣板(ban)一塊，大小與(yu)市(shi)售人(ren)體(ti)秤相(xiang)當，在板(ban)上(shang)兩腳位置貼上(shang)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)片大小相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)雙面(mian)膠，從板(ban)下穿孔經過雙面(mian)膠穿入(ru)(ru)多股導線，并(bing)(bing)將線頭(tou)分(fen)杈攤開在雙面(mian)膠表面(mian)，然后將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)片壓(ya)(ya)緊(jin)在雙面(mian)膠上(shang)與(yu)導線緊(jin)密接觸，構成(cheng)測(ce)量(liang)踏(ta)板(ban)。整(zheng)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)用(yong)(yong)3V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

調整：

先確(que)認振(zhen)蕩(dang)器(qi)工(gong)作正常。用音頻信號(hao)傳輸線(xian)從將(jiang)C1輸出端及地(di)端連接至(zhi)立(li)體聲放大器(qi)，若振(zhen)蕩(dang)正常，可從喇叭聽到音頻聲；調整VR1可聽出頻率的變化。

檢測電(dian)(dian)(dian)路應先調(diao)零(ling)，在(zai)檢測器輸出端接入(ru)數字萬(wan)用表的(de)(de)mV檔(dang)，在(zai)兩腳電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)懸空的(de)(de)情況下調(diao)整VR2，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表指(zhi)示(shi)為0V。在(zai)上方兩電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)片間串(chuan)聯1M電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，再將兩手掌分別(bie)壓(ya)緊在(zai)上下兩電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)板上，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表上應有10~20mV的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)指(zhi)示(shi)。

脂肪測量儀實際使用時，雙腳(jiao)赤(chi)腳(jiao)站在兩腳(jiao)電極片(pian)位置，電壓表應有(you)一電壓值(zhi)，如(ru)9mV，此值(zhi)可作為日后測量脂肪率的(de)參考值(zhi)。一般(ban)，脂肪多的(de)人電壓值(zhi)高，瘦人電壓值(zhi)低。