旅游信息
俞(yu)樾(yue)故居(ju)位于蘇州市人民路馬醫科(ke)43號,占地共(gong)2800平方米,正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)居(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),自南(nan)而(er)北分五(wu)進(jin),其(qi)東(dong)又(you)建(jian)配(pei)房若干,與(yu)正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)備弄分隔有(you)相(xiang)互(hu)溝通(tong)。其(qi)西(xi)、北為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)亭園部分,形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一曲(qu)尺形,對(dui)正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)半(ban)包圍格局。正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)門(men)廳(ting)和(he)轎廳(ting)皆為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。第三進(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)的(de)(de)主(zhu)廳(ting),名"樂知堂",面(mian)(mian)闊三間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深五(wu)界,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)唯一大(da)(da)木結構采用扁(bian)作(zuo)抬梁式的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu),用料較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)粗壯,裝飾樸素簡(jian)潔。這里為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)俞(yu)樾(yue)當年接待貴賓和(he)舉行(xing)(xing)生日祝壽(shou)等喜(xi)慶(qing)活動的(de)(de)場所。第四(si)、五(wu)進(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)內(nei)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),即居(ju)住用房,與(yu)主(zhu)廳(ting)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)封火山(shan)墻相(xiang)隔,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)石(shi)庫(ku)門(men)相(xiang)通(tong);均面(mian)(mian)闊五(wu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),以(yi)東(dong)西(xi)兩(liang)廂貫(guan)通(tong)前后,組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一四(si)合院(yuan)。樂知堂西(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)春(chun)在(zai)堂,面(mian)(mian)闊三間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深四(si)界。堂前綴湖石(shi),植梧桐,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)俞(yu)樾(yue)當年以(yi)文(wen)會友和(he)講學之(zhi)處。春(chun)在(zai)堂北突(tu)出(chu)一歇山(shan)頂小(xiao)(xiao)軒(xuan),名“認(ren)春(chun)軒(xuan)”。軒(xuan)北雜植花木,疊湖石(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)山(shan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屏,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)山(shan)洞(dong)蜿蜒。穿山(shan)洞(dong)右折,東(dong)北隅(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)面(mian)(mian)闊兩(liang)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)“艮宧(yi)”,乃昔日琴室。循廊西(xi)行(xing)(xing),有(you)書房三間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),名“達齋(zhai)(zhai)”。出(chu)“達齋(zhai)(zhai)”沿廊南(nan)行(xing)(xing),有(you)一小(xiao)(xiao)亭,三面(mian)(mian)環水,池(chi)(chi)名“曲(qu)池(chi)(chi)”,亭名“曲(qu)水”。池(chi)(chi)東(dong)假山(shan)上有(you)“回(hui)峰閣”與(yu)亭相(xiang)對(dui),假山(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)門(men)與(yu)內(nei)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)相(xiang)通(tong)。亭南(nan)曲(qu)廊通(tong)春(chun)在(zai)堂。小(xiao)(xiao)園面(mian)(mian)積僅200平方米,但掇(duo)山(shan)開(kai)池(chi)(chi),建(jian)廊置(zhi)亭,結構布(bu)局曲(qu)折多變,頗有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)見大(da)(da)之(zhi)奇。
南(nan)面(mian)為(wei)"小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)竹(zhu)里(li)館",為(wei)當(dang)年(nian)俞樾讀書之處,館南(nan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)院(yuan)載竹(zhu)。春(chun)在堂北突(tu)出(chu)一歇山(shan)頂小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)軒(xuan),名(ming)"認春(chun)軒(xuan)"。軒(xuan)北雜植花木,疊湖石小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)山(shan)為(wei)屏,中(zhong)有(you)(you)山(shan)洞蜿蜒。穿山(shan)洞有(you)(you)折,東北隅(yu)為(wei)面(mian)闊兩間(jian)的"艮宦",乃昔日琴(qin)室。循廊(lang)(lang)(lang)西行,有(you)(you)書房三間(jian),名(ming)"達(da)(da)齋(zhai)(zhai)"。出(chu)達(da)(da)齋(zhai)(zhai)沿廊(lang)(lang)(lang)南(nan)行,有(you)(you)一小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)亭(ting),三面(mian)環(huan)水(shui),池名(ming)"曲(qu)(qu)池",亭(ting)名(ming)"曲(qu)(qu)水(shui)"。池東假山(shan)上有(you)(you)"回峰閣"與亭(ting)相(xiang)對,假山(shan)中(zhong)原有(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)門與內宅相(xiang)通。亭(ting)南(nan)曲(qu)(qu)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)通春(chun)在堂。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)園面(mian)積僅(jin)200平方米,建廊(lang)(lang)(lang)置亭(ting),結構布局曲(qu)(qu)折多變,頗有(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)中(zhong)見大之奇。
俞樾簡介
(1821-1906 )字蔭甫,自(zi)號曲園居(ju)士,浙江德(de)清(qing)人。清(qing)道(dao)光(guang)三十(shi)年(1850年)進士,曾任(ren)翰林院編(bian)修。后受咸豐(feng)(feng)皇帝賞識,放任(ren)河南學(xue)政,被(bei)御史曹登庸劾(he)奏"試(shi)題割裂經(jing)義",因(yin)而罷官。遂(sui)移居(ju)蘇州(zhou),潛心學(xue)術達40余(yu)載(zai),曾先后主(zhu)講蘇州(zhou)紫陽書(shu)(shu)院、杭州(zhou)詁經(jing)精舍、德(de)清(qing)清(qing)溪書(shu)(shu)院、菱湖龍湖書(shu)(shu)院、上海(hai)求(qiu)志(zhi)書(shu)(shu)院等。治學(xue)以(yi)經(jing)學(xue)為主(zhu),旁(pang)及(ji)諸子學(xue)、史學(xue)、訓詁學(xue),乃至戲曲、詩詞、小說、書(shu)(shu)法等,可(ke)謂博(bo)大精深。海(hai)內及(ji)日本、朝鮮(xian)等國向(xiang)他求(qiu)學(xue)者甚眾(zhong),尊之為樸學(xue)大師。俞樾平生勤奮(fen)治學(xue),著(zhu)作極豐(feng)(feng),有(you)《春(chun)在(zai)堂(tang)前書(shu)(shu)》,近(jin)五(wu)百卷。
歷史沿革
1954年(nian),俞樾曾(ceng)孫著名學者(zhe)俞平(ping)伯(bo)先生(sheng)將(jiang)曾(ceng)祖故(gu)居(ju)(ju)捐獻歸公。1957年(nian)整(zheng)修(xiu)(xiu)樂直(zhi)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、春在堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、小竹(zhu)里(li)館等(deng)(deng)廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)及小園(yuan)(yuan)。故(gu)居(ju)(ju)先后(hou)由(you)(you)市(shi)(shi)文(wen)聯(lian)、戲曲研(yan)究所、評彈(dan)團、科(ke)學之家等(deng)(deng)單位(wei)使用(yong)。十年(nian)動亂(luan)中,廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)損壞(huai)嚴重,園(yuan)(yuan)中假山、亭(ting)閣(ge)、曲廊、水池(chi)及花木被毀嚴重,并于其間建(jian)三(san)層居(ju)(ju)民(min)住(zhu)宅樓(lou)一棟。1980年(nian)俞平(ping)伯(bo)、顧頡(jie)剛、葉圣陶等(deng)(deng)知名人(ren)士聯(lian)名呼吁修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)。1982年(nian)由(you)(you)市(shi)(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)林局實施對故(gu)居(ju)(ju)廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)建(jian)筑的維(wei)修(xiu)(xiu),至1983年(nian)完成(cheng)了樂知堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、春在堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)等(deng)(deng)主要廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)工作。1986年(nian)由(you)(you)市(shi)(shi)區文(wen)物保(bao)護管理所按(an)名人(ren)故(gu)居(ju)(ju)進行陳設布置,并于當(dang)年(nian)10月開放,供(gong)人(ren)參觀。1989年(nian)又動遷居(ju)(ju)民(min)20余戶,拆除園(yuan)(yuan)內三(san)層住(zhu)宅樓(lou),修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)門廳、轎廳和(he)園(yuan)(yuan)中亭(ting)、廊、齋(zhai)、閣(ge)等(deng)(deng)建(jian)筑及曲池(chi)。1990年(nian)繼(ji)續(xu)恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)假山,補栽花木。目前俞樾故(gu)居(ju)(ju)的廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)及小園(yuan)(yuan)已(yi)全面開放,供(gong)人(ren)參觀。所余兩進內宅上房(fang)及東側配房(fang),仍為居(ju)(ju)民(min)使用(yong),將(jiang)列入(ru)下一步整(zheng)修(xiu)(xiu)規劃(hua)。