位于(yu)離平(ping)度(du)市城區(qu)約30公里的古(gu)峴(xian)鎮大(da)朱(zhu)毛村一帶,因古(gu)墨水河得名(ming)即(ji)墨。戰國(guo)時屬齊(qi)邑,秦時置縣,西漢(han)時為(wei)膠(jiao)東(dong)國(guo)之(zhi)都(dou)(dou)城,又因膠(jiao)東(dong)國(guo)康王(wang)都(dou)(dou)此,人(ren)稱(cheng)“康王(wang)城”。東(dong)漢(han)時期,膠(jiao)東(dong)與即(ji)墨分(fen)治。北(bei)齊(qi)天保(bao)七年(nian)(公元(yuan)556年(nian))裁撤(che)即(ji)墨縣,該(gai)城逐漸傾圮。
即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)邑。因(yin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)臨墨(mo)(mo)(mo)水,故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo);后世(shi)因(yin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)朱毛(mao)村,《左傳》襄公(gong)六年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元前567年(nian)(nian)):“十(shi)一(yi)月(yue),齊(qi)(qi)(qi)侯滅萊”,乃(nai)建(jian)此(ci)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)(yu)原萊國(guo)(guo)之(zhi)中(zhong),北依群山,南控芥莒。田(tian)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)置邑,封(feng)(feng)重臣為(wei)(wei)(wei)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)大(da)(da)夫。春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)時(shi)期(qi)(qi),齊(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)夫朱毛(mao)曾居(ju)于(yu)(yu)此(ci),故(gu)(gu)(gu)有俗稱“朱毛(mao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”; 后因(yin)西(xi)漢(han)(han)康王(wang)(wang)(wang)劉寄(ji)封(feng)(feng)于(yu)(yu)此(ci),又稱“康王(wang)(wang)(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”。 即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)始建(jian)于(yu)(yu)春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)后期(qi)(qi),戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)代發展(zhan)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(今膠(jiao)東(dong)(dong)半島(dao)地區)的政治經濟文化(hua)中(zhong)心。據《史記·田(tian)敬(jing)仲完世(shi)家》,齊(qi)(qi)(qi)威王(wang)(wang)(wang)因(yin)左右(you)對即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)大(da)(da)夫毀言日至(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)“使人視即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)”,見“田(tian)野辟(pi),民(min)人給(gei),官無(wu)留事(shi),東(dong)(dong)方以(yi)(yi)寧”,知即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)大(da)(da)夫不事(shi)其(qi)(qi)左右(you)以(yi)(yi)求(qiu)譽,因(yin)“封(feng)(feng)之(zhi)萬(wan)家”。齊(qi)(qi)(qi)滑王(wang)(wang)(wang)時(shi),樂毅破齊(qi)(qi)(qi)70余(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),唯莒和(he)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)未下,田(tian)單(dan)走安平,守即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo),大(da)(da)擺(bai)火牛陣(zhen)以(yi)(yi)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)破燕(yan)軍,盡復齊(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)失地。這就是歷(li)史上著名的“田(tian)單(dan)破燕(yan)”事(shi)件。秦滅六國(guo)(guo),以(yi)(yi)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)郡治設(she)膠(jiao)東(dong)(dong)郡。項(xiang)羽分(fen)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)地為(wei)(wei)(wei)三,以(yi)(yi)古即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)都,設(she)膠(jiao)東(dong)(dong)國(guo)(guo)。西(xi)漢(han)(han)前期(qi)(qi)三封(feng)(feng)膠(jiao)東(dong)(dong)王(wang)(wang)(wang),康王(wang)(wang)(wang)劉寄(ji)及其(qi)(qi)子孫,傳國(guo)(guo)直(zhi)至(zhi)(zhi)西(xi)漢(han)(han)之(zhi)末。后歷(li)東(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)、魏晉、十(shi)六國(guo)(guo),直(zhi)到北齊(qi)(qi)(qi)天保七年(nian)(nian)(556年(nian)(nian)) 即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)廢縣(xian)(xian)。隋開皇(huang)十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(596年(nian)(nian))重設(she)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)縣(xian)(xian),移縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)(yu)舊不其(qi)(qi)縣(xian)(xian)境,即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)今之(zhi)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)市區。 現存(cun)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址系西(xi)漢(han)(han)膠(jiao)東(dong)(dong)王(wang)(wang)(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),地面有城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻遺(yi)存(cun),分(fen)內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、外城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。外城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南北長(chang)5公(gong)里, 東(dong)(dong)西(xi)寬(kuan)2.5公(gong)里; 東(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻殘存(cun)1000余(yu)米, 城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)基寬(kuan)約(yue)40米、高約(yue)5米。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內“金鑾殿(dian)”、“梳妝樓”、“點將臺”、“養魚(yu)池”等至(zhi)(zhi)今尚存(cun)遺(yi)跡。 即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地下不斷(duan)有珍貴文物出土(tu)。
民國年間曾(ceng)出土一窟(ku)古錢幣,多達20車。
1986年冬,出土(tu)“燕明字刀幣”達(da)28公斤,另出土(tu)有弩機、銅舫、劍、戈(ge)、刀、幣等。
故城(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)內城(cheng)(cheng)及外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)。外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)北(bei)長(chang)約5公(gong)里,東西寬約2.5公(gong)里。尚遺存(cun)城(cheng)(cheng)墻千余(yu)米(mi),城(cheng)(cheng)基寬約40余(yu)米(mi),高約5米(mi),全為夯土板筑。內城(cheng)(cheng)有(you)(you)(you)金鑾殿(dian)、點將(jiang)臺、東西倉、貯貨(huo)灣、養魚池、梳妝樓等遺跡。古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)一帶常有(you)(you)(you)銅器、鐵(tie)器等文物出土。故城(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)的群(qun)(qun)山峰上,古(gu)墓群(qun)(qun)蜿蜒30多華里,有(you)(you)(you)400余(yu)座。墓葬之多,墓之高大(da)均屬罕(han)見(jian)。當時的運糧河(即(ji)今小沽(gu)河),通過(guo)東南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)門洞 ,可直接駛入(ru)貯貨(huo)灣內,至(zhi)今城(cheng)(cheng)墻缺口(kou)尚存(cun)。
即(ji)墨故城(cheng)素有(you)“朱毛城(cheng),臨淄(zi)土”之(zhi)稱。傳說(shuo)當(dang)年(nian)建城(cheng)墻(qiang)所有(you)的磚瓦,都(dou)是人工從臨淄(zi)遞過來的。當(dang)地“二貞廟”、“洗(xi)心(xin)(xin)河(he)”等(deng)類似(si)孟姜女的傳說(shuo),反映了當(dang)時百姓不堪于苦役的心(xin)(xin)理。故城(cheng)墻(qiang)一帶常有(you)文物出土,如銅鈁、弩機、戈、劍、刀幣、鐵錢范等(deng)。
1984年,即墨故(gu)城遺址被青島市(shi)政府列為市(shi)級文物保護(hu)單(dan)位(wei)。
1992年,山東省(sheng)人(ren)民政府公布其為(wei)省(sheng)級文物(wu)保護單位。
2001年,國務院(yuan)公布(bu)為第五批全國文物保護單位。
即墨故城是歷史上(shang)不少朝代王(wang)(wang)、候的(de)(de)(de)(de)陪(pei)都和封(feng)地,是膠東名城,在(zai)一千多年的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間里(li)。前(qian)后(hou)共有(you)八(ba)王(wang)(wang)、六侯、一相治(zhi)此。這些王(wang)(wang)公貴族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)墓(mu)(mu)群(qun)(qun)大(da)(da)多都建(jian)在(zai)距即墨故城十(shi)(shi)公里(li)左右遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)六曲山(shan)(shan)脈(mo)上(shang),形成了一個(ge)規模(mo)宏大(da)(da)、蔚(yu)偉 壯觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)墓(mu)(mu)群(qun)(qun)--六曲山(shan)(shan)古(gu)墓(mu)(mu)群(qun)(qun)。 六曲山(shan)(shan)古(gu)墓(mu)(mu)群(qun)(qun),東起龍虎(hu)山(shan)(shan),西至窟(ku)窿山(shan)(shan),蜿蜒近十(shi)(shi)五公里(li),分別在(zai)古(gu)峴、云山(shan)(shan)、麻蘭鎮的(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)多個(ge)村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三十(shi)(shi)余個(ge)山(shan)(shan)頭(tou)上(shang),共有(you)三百六十(shi)(shi)余座(zuo),絕大(da)(da)部分為漢(han)(han)代墓(mu)(mu),其中(zhong)大(da)(da)型墓(mu)(mu)二(er)十(shi)(shi)余座(zuo),中(zhong)型墓(mu)(mu)六十(shi)(shi)余座(zuo),其余為小型墓(mu)(mu)。其中(zhong)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是西漢(han)(han)景帝之(zhi)(zhi)子康(kang)王(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)康(kang)王(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen),墳(fen)(fen)(fen)頭(tou)之(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da),大(da)(da)于山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu),坐落山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),下部有(you)排水(shui)洞(dong),均用石(shi)頭(tou)砌成,其遺墟尚存(cun),整(zheng)個(ge)康(kang)王(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen)占地約(yue)二(er)、三十(shi)(shi)畝(mu),整(zheng)體呈上(shang)窄下寬的(de)(de)(de)(de)“凸”字形,墳(fen)(fen)(fen)高四十(shi)(shi)余米。通過實地考據,當(dang)年修(xiu)筑康(kang)王(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen)時(shi)將山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)夷為平(ping)地并深(shen)挖(wa)殯埋(mai)后(hou)再依山(shan)(shan)勢堆積而成的(de)(de)(de)(de)巨大(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu),其上(shang)部有(you)一平(ping)整(zheng)地塊,長約(yue)百米,寬約(yue)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)米。四周整(zheng)齊,呈方(fang)形,有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)已(yi)被農民(min)種植時(shi)令(ling)農作物。墳(fen)(fen)(fen)頭(tou)坐落山(shan)(shan)頂(ding),土質堅硬結實,與自然山(shan)(shan)頭(tou)有(you)很大(da)(da)不同,一座(zuo)康(kang)王(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen)竟(jing)大(da)(da)于山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu),足見墳(fen)(fen)(fen)墓(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da),地下寶物之(zhi)(zhi)豐厚。民(min)間一直有(you)“打開康(kang)王(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen),山(shan)(shan)東不受貧(pin)”之(zhi)(zhi)說。
在康(kang)(kang)王墳山坡(po)前(qian)(qian)(qian),修(xiu)有(you)(you)康(kang)(kang)陵(ling)寺,據當代(dai)村民講,康(kang)(kang)陵(ling)寺建于漢朝,距今兩千(qian)多年。乾隆(long)四(si)十年(公元一(yi)七七五年)重修(xiu),佛(fo)殿門前(qian)(qian)(qian)有(you)(you)壯觀(guan)的(de)大匾,宏(hong)偉(wei)的(de)大山門,有(you)(you)和尚(shang)撞鐘的(de)鐘樓(lou),有(you)(you)燒香(xiang)(xiang)火的(de)香(xiang)(xiang)檀(tan)。分(fen)東西二廂(xiang),東廂(xiang)住和尚(shang),西廂(xiang)住尼姑,分(fen)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)二殿,前(qian)(qian)(qian)殿三(san)間,塑有(you)(you)四(si)大天王,八大金剛像(xiang),惟(wei)妙惟(wei)肖.后(hou)殿五間,塑有(you)(you)西天活(huo)佛(fo),十八羅漢,形象(xiang)逼真。此廟興盛于世,聞(wen)名百里,前(qian)(qian)(qian)來降香(xiang)(xiang)祁福(fu)者眾。可惜在一(yi)九四(si)一(yi)年被土頑李(li)德元部拆毀。
六曲(qu)山(shan)古(gu)墓群在1978年(nian)被公布(bu)為省級(ji)重(zhong)點文(wen)物保護(hu)單位。2001年(nian)又被國(guo)務院公布(bu)為國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)重(zhong)點文(wen)物 保護(hu)單位。