芒果视频

基本介紹

膠(jiao)澳總(zong)(zong)督府位于(yu)市南區沂水路11號，1904年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)開工(gong)，1906年(nian)(nian)4月(yue)竣(jun)工(gong)。由(you)德(de)國設計師拉查魯維茨設計，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)師為德(de)國人馬爾克，由(you)德(de)國漢堡阿爾托納區F·H·施密特(te)公(gong)司施工(gong)。面(mian)(mian)對小青島(dao)(dao)和青島(dao)(dao)灣，處(chu)于(yu)當(dang)時青島(dao)(dao)市中心處(chu)，是當(dang)時德(de)國膠(jiao)澳總(zong)(zong)督辦公(gong)的(de)地(di)方，又稱“總(zong)(zong)督府”。這(zhe)座(zuo)由(you)花崗巖砌成的(de)“總(zong)(zong)督府”，始建(jian)于(yu)1903年(nian)(nian)，1906年(nian)(nian)竣(jun)工(gong)。是一(yi)座(zuo)磚石和鋼木(mu)混合結構的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積7500平方米，耗資85萬德(de)國馬克。

建筑特色

建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)采(cai)用19世紀歐洲公(gong)(gong)(gong)共建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)對稱平(ping)面(mian)(mian)，主面(mian)(mian)為(wei)三(san)縱五段的(de)(de)(de)(de)對稱處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)，中(zhong)軸(zhou)線非常突(tu)出(chu)，建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)呈“凹”字型。東(dong)西長(chang)80米(mi),南北長(chang)約40米(mi)。四(si)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)設(she)半(ban)地下室(shi)(shi)。位(wei)(wei)于(yu)二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)扁圓大(da)(da)圓券門(men)廊(lang)(lang)為(wei)主入口,由寬大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)39級(ji)石(shi)階和(he)兩邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)車坡道直通, 建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)2～3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)主辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou),由中(zhong)部大(da)(da)樓(lou)(lou)梯(ti)聯通,層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)高(gao)(gao)4米(mi)。半(ban)地下室(shi)(shi)、四(si)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)及(ji)閣(ge)樓(lou)(lou)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是獨(du)立輔助辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),僅(jin)能由兩側次(ci)段樓(lou)(lou)梯(ti)與各層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)聯系。整個建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)以(yi)(yi)古典主義立面(mian)(mian)劃分(fen),底(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)作為(wei)基座,用粗大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蘑(mo)菇石(shi)砌筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),敦實厚重(zhong),以(yi)(yi)上(shang)為(wei)高(gao)(gao)達兩層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)花崗石(shi)矩形(xing)壁(bi)柱(zhu)(zhu)和(he)變形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)愛奧尼克(ke)柱(zhu)(zhu)頭,柱(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)做(zuo)石(shi)砌拱(gong)檐,拱(gong)上(shang)部為(wei)石(shi)砌墻(qiang)面(mian)(mian), 墻(qiang)上(shang)開小窄(zhai)窗(chuang)(chuang)。南主立面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)柱(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)作拱(gong)形(xing)明柱(zhu)(zhu)廊(lang)(lang)。配(pei)以(yi)(yi)折(zhe)線型屋頂，覆以(yi)(yi)筒式(shi)紅(hong)瓦(wa)，開啟有(you)(you)弧狀屋面(mian)(mian)窗(chuang)(chuang)，頂側裝有(you)(you)鐵欄桿(gan)，既用于(yu)裝飾，又做(zuo)避雷(lei)針，十分(fen)精(jing)巧。 總督(du)(du)府(fu)為(wei)5層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)樓(lou)(lou)房(fang)(fang)，主體(ti)高(gao)(gao)20米(mi)，1、4、5層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)樓(lou)(lou)均(jun)為(wei)窗(chuang)(chuang)戶較小的(de)(de)(de)(de)輔助性房(fang)(fang)間(jian)，主要辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)室(shi)(shi)都在2、3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)朝陽的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)面(mian)(mian)，走(zou)廊(lang)(lang)均(jun)在背陰(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)面(mian)(mian)。辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)室(shi)(shi)寬敞(chang)明亮，門(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)很(hen)大(da)(da)，辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)室(shi)(shi)外(wai)還有(you)(you)長(chang)廊(lang)(lang)式(shi)陽臺，室(shi)(shi)內(nei)除裝有(you)(you)柚(you)木(mu)護墻(qiang)板(ban)和(he)地板(ban)外(wai)，別無其它(ta)裝飾，使人感(gan)到莊重(zhong)樸實。整個建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)外(wai)形(xing)非常莊重(zhong)，處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)手法也(ye)非常嚴謹。大(da)(da)樓(lou)(lou)外(wai)為(wei)一(yi)拱(gong)圈形(xing)大(da)(da)門(men)，進(jin)門(men)則(ze)是2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)門(men)廳和(he)3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)會議廳及(ji)主要大(da)(da)廳都很(hen)高(gao)(gao)大(da)(da)。總督(du)(du)府(fu)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)門(men)窗(chuang)(chuang)等木(mu)作皆用柚(you)木(mu)做(zuo)成,耐變形(xing)。外(wai)墻(qiang)轉(zhuan)角處(chu)(chu)(chu)為(wei)向(xiang)外(wai)斜出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)砌勒腳(jiao),以(yi)(yi)加強穩(wen)定感(gan)。屋蓋配(pei)以(yi)(yi)高(gao)(gao)聳(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙莎(sha)式(shi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)頂,掛紅(hong)筒瓦(wa)。整個建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)氣勢(shi)宏大(da)(da),莊嚴而生(sheng)動(dong)。該建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)樓(lou)(lou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)廣(guang)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)軸(zhou)線上(shang),廣(guang)場前(qian)(qian)(qian)方(fang)通過疊落后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)青島路(lu)及(ji)中(zhong)心花壇(tan)直對海面(mian)(mian),更加突(tu)出(chu)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)莊重(zhong)格(ge)局。解(jie)放前(qian)(qian)(qian)該樓(lou)(lou)為(wei)歷屆政(zheng)府(fu)辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)。解(jie)放后(hou)為(wei)青島市(shi)人民政(zheng)府(fu)辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)。由于(yu)它(ta)背山面(mian)(mian)海，樓(lou)(lou)前(qian)(qian)(qian)廣(guang)場空間(jian)開闊，更顯得(de)蔚為(wei)壯觀，在建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)位(wei)(wei)多不規則(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)青島市(shi)區內(nei)，它(ta)是少見的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)座近似(si)正(zheng)南正(zheng)北的(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物。

建設沿革

1914年第一次世界大戰爆發，日(ri)本取代德國侵占(zhan)青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)，總督府成為日(ri)軍駐(zhu)青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)守備(bei)司令部。1922年，中國政府從日(ri)本人(ren)手(shou)中收回青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)，此樓成為膠(jiao)澳商埠督辦公(gong)署，1929年4月，總督府又為青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)接(jie)收專員(yuan)公(gong)署，同(tong)年7月成為青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)特別市政府的所在地(di)。

1938年，日本第(di)二(er)次侵占(zhan)青(qing)島(dao)，總督(du)府又成為日偽最(zui)高(gao)統治機關所(suo)在(zai)地，先(xian)后(hou)稱為“青(qing)島(dao)特(te)別市公署”，“青(qing)島(dao)特(te)別市政府”。1945年日本投降后(hou)，國民黨政府接收青(qing)島(dao)，總督(du)府再次作為青(qing)島(dao)市政府所(suo)在(zai)地。

1949年(nian)6月2日(ri)，青(qing)(qing)島解放(fang)。這座辦公大樓先后為(wei)青(qing)(qing)島市人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)府、青(qing)(qing)島市人(ren)民(min)委員會所在(zai)地。現為(wei)市人(ren)大常委會和(he)市政(zheng)協的辦公場所。1996年(nian)，被國(guo)務(wu)院公布(bu)為(wei)全國(guo)重點文(wen)物保護單位。