膠澳(ao)總(zong)督府(fu)位于市南區(qu)沂(yi)水路(lu)11號,1904年(nian)5月開工,1906年(nian)4月竣工。由德國(guo)(guo)設計(ji)師拉(la)查魯(lu)維茨設計(ji),建(jian)筑(zhu)師為(wei)德國(guo)(guo)人馬爾克(ke)(ke),由德國(guo)(guo)漢堡阿爾托納區(qu)F·H·施(shi)密特公司(si)施(shi)工。面對小青島(dao)和青島(dao)灣(wan),處于當時青島(dao)市中心(xin)處,是(shi)當時德國(guo)(guo)膠澳(ao)總(zong)督辦公的(de)地(di)方,又稱“總(zong)督府(fu)”。這座由花崗巖砌(qi)成的(de)“總(zong)督府(fu)”,始建(jian)于1903年(nian),1906年(nian)竣工。是(shi)一(yi)座磚(zhuan)石(shi)和鋼木(mu)混合結構的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu),建(jian)筑(zhu)面積7500平方米,耗資85萬德國(guo)(guo)馬克(ke)(ke)。
建(jian)筑(zhu)采用(yong)(yong)19世紀歐洲公(gong)(gong)共建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對稱平(ping)(ping)面(mian),主(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)為(wei)三縱五(wu)段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對稱處(chu)理,中(zhong)軸線(xian)(xian)非常(chang)突出(chu),建(jian)筑(zhu)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)呈“凹(ao)”字(zi)型。東西長80米,南(nan)北長約40米。四層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)設半地(di)下室(shi)(shi)。位于(yu)(yu)二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扁圓大(da)(da)圓券門(men)廊為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)入口,由(you)(you)寬(kuan)(kuan)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)39級石階(jie)和(he)兩(liang)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行車坡道(dao)直(zhi)通, 建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2~3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou),由(you)(you)中(zhong)部大(da)(da)樓(lou)(lou)梯聯通,層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)高(gao)4米。半地(di)下室(shi)(shi)、四層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)及閣(ge)樓(lou)(lou)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是(shi)獨立(li)輔助辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),僅能由(you)(you)兩(liang)側次段(duan)樓(lou)(lou)梯與各層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)聯系。整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)建(jian)筑(zhu)以古典(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)義立(li)面(mian)劃分(fen),底層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)作(zuo)為(wei)基座,用(yong)(yong)粗(cu)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蘑(mo)菇石砌筑(zhu),敦實厚重,以上為(wei)高(gao)達兩(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花崗石矩形(xing)壁(bi)柱(zhu)和(he)變形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)愛奧尼克(ke)柱(zhu)頭,柱(zhu)間(jian)(jian)做(zuo)石砌拱(gong)檐,拱(gong)上部為(wei)石砌墻(qiang)面(mian), 墻(qiang)上開(kai)小窄(zhai)窗。南(nan)主(zhu)(zhu)立(li)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)柱(zhu)間(jian)(jian)作(zuo)拱(gong)形(xing)明柱(zhu)廊。配以折線(xian)(xian)型屋頂,覆(fu)以筒(tong)式紅瓦(wa),開(kai)啟有(you)弧狀(zhuang)屋面(mian)窗,頂側裝(zhuang)有(you)鐵欄(lan)桿,既用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)飾,又做(zuo)避雷針,十分(fen)精巧。 總(zong)督府為(wei)5層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)樓(lou)(lou)房,主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)高(gao)20米,1、4、5層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)樓(lou)(lou)均(jun)為(wei)窗戶較小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輔助性(xing)房間(jian)(jian),主(zhu)(zhu)要辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)室(shi)(shi)都在2、3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)朝(chao)陽(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一面(mian),走(zou)廊均(jun)在背陰(yin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一面(mian)。辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)室(shi)(shi)寬(kuan)(kuan)敞明亮,門(men)窗很大(da)(da),辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)室(shi)(shi)外(wai)還有(you)長廊式陽(yang)(yang)臺,室(shi)(shi)內(nei)除裝(zhuang)有(you)柚木護墻(qiang)板和(he)地(di)板外(wai),別無其(qi)它(ta)裝(zhuang)飾,使人(ren)感到莊(zhuang)(zhuang)重樸實。整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)建(jian)筑(zhu)外(wai)形(xing)非常(chang)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)重,處(chu)理手(shou)法也非常(chang)嚴謹(jin)。大(da)(da)樓(lou)(lou)外(wai)為(wei)一拱(gong)圈形(xing)大(da)(da)門(men),進門(men)則是(shi)2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門(men)廳和(he)3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會議廳及主(zhu)(zhu)要大(da)(da)廳都很高(gao)大(da)(da)。總(zong)督府內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門(men)窗等(deng)木作(zuo)皆(jie)用(yong)(yong)柚木做(zuo)成,耐變形(xing)。外(wai)墻(qiang)轉角(jiao)處(chu)為(wei)向外(wai)斜出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石砌勒腳,以加強穩定感。屋蓋配以高(gao)聳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙莎式層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)頂,掛紅筒(tong)瓦(wa)。整(zheng)個(ge)(ge)建(jian)筑(zhu)氣勢宏大(da)(da),莊(zhuang)(zhuang)嚴而(er)生動(dong)。該(gai)(gai)建(jian)筑(zhu)位于(yu)(yu)樓(lou)(lou)前(qian)廣場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)軸線(xian)(xian)上,廣場前(qian)方(fang)(fang)通過疊落后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)島(dao)路(lu)及中(zhong)心花壇直(zhi)對海面(mian),更加突出(chu)行政(zheng)建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)重格局(ju)。解放(fang)前(qian)該(gai)(gai)樓(lou)(lou)為(wei)歷屆政(zheng)府辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)。解放(fang)后(hou)為(wei)青(qing)(qing)島(dao)市人(ren)民政(zheng)府辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)它(ta)背山面(mian)海,樓(lou)(lou)前(qian)廣場空間(jian)(jian)開(kai)闊(kuo),更顯得蔚為(wei)壯觀,在建(jian)筑(zhu)方(fang)(fang)位多不規(gui)則的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)島(dao)市區內(nei),它(ta)是(shi)少(shao)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一座近似正南(nan)正北的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)物。
1914年(nian)第一次世(shi)界大(da)戰爆發,日(ri)本取代(dai)德(de)國侵占(zhan)青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao),總督(du)府成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)日(ri)軍駐(zhu)青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)守備司令(ling)部。1922年(nian),中(zhong)國政府從(cong)日(ri)本人手中(zhong)收回青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao),此(ci)樓成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)膠澳商(shang)埠督(du)辦公署,1929年(nian)4月(yue),總督(du)府又為(wei)(wei)青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)接收專員公署,同年(nian)7月(yue)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)青(qing)島(dao)(dao)(dao)特別市(shi)政府的所在地。
1938年(nian),日本(ben)第二次侵占青(qing)(qing)島(dao)(dao),總督府(fu)又(you)成為(wei)日偽(wei)最高(gao)統治機關所在(zai)地,先后(hou)稱為(wei)“青(qing)(qing)島(dao)(dao)特別(bie)市(shi)公署”,“青(qing)(qing)島(dao)(dao)特別(bie)市(shi)政(zheng)府(fu)”。1945年(nian)日本(ben)投降后(hou),國(guo)民(min)黨政(zheng)府(fu)接(jie)收青(qing)(qing)島(dao)(dao),總督府(fu)再次作為(wei)青(qing)(qing)島(dao)(dao)市(shi)政(zheng)府(fu)所在(zai)地。
1949年6月(yue)2日,青(qing)島(dao)解放。這座辦(ban)公大樓先后(hou)為(wei)青(qing)島(dao)市人(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)、青(qing)島(dao)市人(ren)民委員(yuan)會所在(zai)地。現為(wei)市人(ren)大常委會和(he)市政(zheng)協(xie)的(de)辦(ban)公場所。1996年,被國務院公布為(wei)全國重點文物保護單(dan)位。