簡介
中國(guo)化(hua)(hua)工博(bo)物(wu)館位于(yu)北京市,是由中國(guo)化(hua)(hua)工集(ji)團公司出資建(jian)設的中國(guo)第一個化(hua)(hua)工專業博(bo)物(wu)館,建(jian)成于(yu)2008年。位于(yu)北京海淀區北四環西路(lu)62號。
中(zhong)國(guo)化工(gong)(gong)博物館(guan)是一個(ge)展(zhan)示(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)化學工(gong)(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)歷程和重要成果,謳(ou)歌為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)化學工(gong)(gong)業(ye)做出杰出貢(gong)獻的(de)(de)科(ke)學家(jia)(jia)和企業(ye)家(jia)(jia),描繪化學工(gong)(gong)業(ye)發展(zhan)與人(ren)類生活的(de)(de)美好遠景,實現中(zhong)國(guo)化工(gong)(gong)人(ren)希望擁有(you)化工(gong)(gong)專(zhuan)業(ye)博物館(guan)的(de)(de)夢想,為(wei)青少年(nian)教育提供化工(gong)(gong)知識科(ke)普(pu)教育基地的(de)(de)行業(ye)專(zhuan)題博物館(guan)。
建筑布局
中國化(hua)工(gong)博(bo)物館展陳(chen)面積2540平方(fang)米。主要由序廳(ting)、古代化(hua)工(gong)廳(ting)、近(jin)代化(hua)工(gong)廳(ting)、當(dang)代化(hua)工(gong)廳(ting)、中國化(hua)工(gong)集團廳(ting)、展望(wang)未(wei)來化(hua)工(gong)廳(ting)、化(hua)工(gong)與(yu)國計民生廳(ting)等8個(ge)廳(ting)組成(cheng)。
各(ge)(ge)展(zhan)(zhan)廳除布置有大量的(de)文字、照片(pian)、圖表(biao)、模型等展(zhan)(zhan)品外,還收(shou)集有從古代(dai)到現代(dai)的(de)各(ge)(ge)種化工(gong)文物360多件。我國(guo)著名化工(gong)專家、原化工(gong)部(bu)(bu)副(fu)部(bu)(bu)長侯德榜的(de)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)遺著藏(zang)書也同時展(zhan)(zhan)出。
序廳
初步介紹化工產業誕生與發展。人類(lei)在長期的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)實踐和科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實驗中,逐(zhu)步(bu)發現和運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)(zi)然規律,形成了(le)門類(lei)繁(fan)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)。化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)是研究物質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)成、結構、性質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)規律及其應用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝系運(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方法(fa)改變物質(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)成或結構、或合成新物質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)。所得產(chan)(chan)(chan)品為化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品或化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品。生產(chan)(chan)(chan)這類(lei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)起初(chu)是手工(gong)(gong)(gong)業作坊,后(hou)來演變為工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠,并逐(zhu)漸形成了(le)一個(ge)社會生產(chan)(chan)(chan)部(bu)門——化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業。以化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、物理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、數學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等基礎學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)為基礎,結合機械、電氣、自(zi)(zi)控(kong)等其他工(gong)(gong)(gong)程技(ji)(ji)術(shu),研究不同化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)共同規律和工(gong)(gong)(gong)程技(ji)(ji)術(shu)問題為目的(de)(de)(de)(de),逐(zhu)步(bu)衍(yan)生出一門新的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)——化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程。
今天(tian),化(hua)(hua)學(xue)工藝、化(hua)(hua)學(xue)工業、化(hua)(hua)學(xue)工程等,都常被簡(jian)稱(cheng)為“化(hua)(hua)工”。化(hua)(hua)工已成為代表一個綜合知識門(men)類和(he)事(shi)業的(de)名詞,在科(ke)學(xue)技術和(he)國民經濟中,有著舉足輕重的(de)地位和(he)作用。
中國古代化工廳
展示有制陶燒瓷、金屬冶煉、造紙發明、火藥火器等內容。中國古代先民(min)們在火藥(yao)和造(zao)紙(zhi)、制(zhi)陶燒瓷、煉(lian)銅(tong)冶鐵乃至熬油造(zao)漆、紡織印(yin)染、釀酒制(zhi)醋、炙(zhi)制(zhi)藥(yao)物等化學加工技(ji)藝方面取(qu)得了許多(duo)非凡(fan)的成(cheng)就(jiu)。涌現出了像(xiang)蔡倫、葛洪、陶弘景、賈思勰、沈括、宋應星(xing)、李時珍等一批古代科學家。
中國近代化工廳
展示有晚清化工(1861-1911)、民國化工(1912-1949)等內容。中國(guo)(guo)近(jin)代化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)起了“永(yong)利”和“天(tian)原”等(deng)生產(chan)三酸兩(liang)堿及其(qi)它基本化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)原料的(de)近(jin)代大(da)型(xing)聯合化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)集團,并生產(chan)出(chu)了榮獲世(shi)界金獎的(de)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)品。涌現出(chu)了范(fan)旭東、吳蘊初(chu)、陳(chen)調甫(fu)、陳(chen)嘉庚等(deng)一批優秀(xiu)的(de)民(min)族(zu)實業家(jia)(jia)和有著世(shi)界影響的(de)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)專家(jia)(jia)侯德榜。北(bei)洋大(da)學(xue)(xue)、北(bei)京(jing)大(da)學(xue)(xue)、清華(hua)大(da)學(xue)(xue)、浙江大(da)學(xue)(xue)等(deng)一批大(da)學(xue)(xue)陸(lu)續開設(she)了化(hua)學(xue)(xue)、化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)教育(yu)課程;黃海化(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業研究(jiu)社、北(bei)平研究(jiu)院(yuan)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)研究(jiu)所等(deng)一批化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)科研機構相繼建(jian)(jian)立;中華(hua)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業會、中國(guo)(guo)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程學(xue)(xue)會等(deng)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)學(xue)(xue)術團體應運而生;化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)書籍和期刊不斷面世(shi)。
中國當代化工廳
展示有建國以來中國化工發展歷程及輝煌成就。1949年中華人民(min)共和(he)(he)國成(cheng)立,中國化(hua)學工(gong)業進(jin)(jin)入嶄(zhan)新(xin)的(de)時代。50多年來,在自力更生和(he)(he)引進(jin)(jin)吸(xi)收國際(ji)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)技術的(de)過程中,化(hua)學工(gong)業進(jin)(jin)行了大規模、全方位的(de)建(jian)設,建(jian)立起(qi)門類基本齊全,品種大體配(pei)套,服務全面(mian)的(de)工(gong)業體系,化(hua)學工(gong)業成(cheng)為(wei)國民(min)經濟重要支柱產業之一。
中國化工集團廳
展示中國化工集團建立及發展歷程。為了(le)完(wan)善社會主義市場經濟體制,促(cu)進國(guo)民經濟持續快(kuai)速健康(kang)發展,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的(de)化(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業在(zai)由粗(cu)放型向集約化(hua)(hua)經營(ying)轉變(bian)的(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),也(ye)加快(kuai)了(le)國(guo)有大型企(qi)業的(de)調整和(he)重組(zu)。自1982年以來,經國(guo)務院(yuan)批(pi)(pi)準組(zu)建了(le)一(yi)批(pi)(pi)特大型集團(tuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si),其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)石油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)類集團(tuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)有:中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)海洋石油(you)(you)總公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)石油(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)集團(tuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)石油(you)(you)天然氣集團(tuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)化(hua)(hua)集團(tuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)集團(tuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)。
展望未來化學工業廳
展示生物化工等前沿化工。蓬勃發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)化學工(gong)(gong)業(ye)對于人(ren)類(lei)(lei)社會的(de)進步與發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)做出(chu)了巨大的(de)貢(gong)獻。隨著化工(gong)(gong)新技術的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),必(bi)將創(chuang)造(zao)出(chu)更(geng)(geng)多的(de)化工(gong)(gong)新材料(liao),為推動人(ren)類(lei)(lei)社會向前發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、豐富人(ren)們物質生(sheng)活發(fa)(fa)揮出(chu)更(geng)(geng)加(jia)重要的(de)作(zuo)用。
化工與國計民生關系廳
展示化工與國計民生關系。化(hua)學工業(ye)(ye)是(shi)國(guo)民經濟的(de)(de)(de)重要基(ji)礎產業(ye)(ye),與國(guo)計民生(sheng)有著極為密切的(de)(de)(de)關系。隨著現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)建設的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)加快,隨著人(ren)民生(sheng)活(huo)水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)提高,對化(hua)學工業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)依賴就越(yue)來越(yue)大(da)。化(hua)學工業(ye)(ye)已(yi)滲(shen)透(tou)到國(guo)民經濟的(de)(de)(de)各個領(ling)域和人(ren)民生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)各個方(fang)面。
多功能廳
可容(rong)納三十人(ren)的(de)3D電影放映(ying)廳。