簡介
萬(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)在西(xi)城區西(xi)四南(nan)大街41號旁門(men)。磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)胡同因之得(de)名。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta),占(zhan)地(di)105平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)。八(ba)角九級,密檐(yan)式(shi)磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta),疊(die)澀(se)砌(qi)法(fa),總(zong)高(gao)16米(mi)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)院(yuan)東西(xi)長(chang)14米(mi),南(nan)北寬7米(mi),面(mian)積為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)99.3平(ping)方(fang)米(mi),其(qi)中(zhong)建筑面(mian)積22.5平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)行秀為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)金、元時期佛(fo)教曹洞宗的高(gao)僧(seng),河(he)內(nei)(今河(he)南(nan)洛陽(yang))人(ren),俗(su)姓(xing)蔡,于荊州出(chu)家(jia),自(zi)稱萬(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)野老(lao),世人(ren)尊稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)。他深得(de)佛(fo)法(fa),又精(jing)通(tong)儒(ru)學,故(gu)深受金章宗器重,賜居燕京(今北京)西(xi)郊的棲隱寺(si),直至(zhi)81歲圓寂(ji)。此塔(ta)(ta)(ta)即為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后人(ren)紀念(nian)他而修(xiu)(xiu)建的墓塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)南(nan)側嵌有一(yi)方(fang)紀事石刻(ke),上書“清(qing)乾隆(long)十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)歲次(ci)癸(gui)酉谷旦(dan)康親(qin)王王永恩奉敕重修(xiu)(xiu)”。至(zhi)民國初年(nian)(nian)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)荒蕪(wu)日久,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂已長(chang)草。1927年(nian)(nian)北洋政府交(jiao)通(tong)總(zong)長(chang)葉恭綽等人(ren)組(zu)成(cheng)“萬(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)精(jing)舍”,籌資整修(xiu)(xiu),并(bing)加筑了(le)(le)圍(wei)墻和門(men)樓。門(men)樓上石額書“元萬(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)”,并(bing)托其(qi)附近的廣濟寺(si)代為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)照看。1986年(nian)(nian)西(xi)城區政府出(chu)資重修(xiu)(xiu),施工中(zhong)發現了(le)(le)清(qing)乾隆(long)十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(1753)重修(xiu)(xiu)時裹砌(qi)其(qi)內(nei)的元塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。元塔(ta)(ta)(ta)八(ba)角七級,用元代特有的薄磚疊(die)砌(qi)而成(cheng)。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)是北京城區內(nei)僅存的磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。
此塔(ta)玲瓏別致(zhi),與(yu)眾不同(tong),是北京的(de)(de)一處(chu)街(jie)景。 今天這座歷(li)(li)經幾朝幾代的(de)(de)古塔(ta)仍(reng)矗立在北京繁華的(de)(de)西(xi)四(si)大(da)街(jie)旁(pang),給人(ren)一種回顧歷(li)(li)史(shi)、展望明天之感。 位置:位于西(xi)城(cheng)區西(xi)四(si)南大(da)街(jie)41號旁(pang)
塔(ta)為金元(yuan)時代風(feng)格(ge)的密檐(yan)八角(jiao)九(jiu)層(ceng)磚(zhuan)塔(ta),高約15.9米(mi),是北(bei)京(jing)城區僅(jin)存的一(yi)座磚(zhuan)塔(ta)。塔(ta)院東西長14米(mi),南北(bei)寬7米(mi),面(mian)積為99.3平方(fang)米(mi),其中建筑面(mian)積22.5平方(fang)米(mi)。
萬松老人
萬(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)即萬(wan)松(song)行(xing)(xing)秀禪(chan)師(shi),自稱萬(wan)松(song)野老。金(jin)代河(he)內(今黃河(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)北)人(ren)(ren)。出(chu)(chu)家于荊州(zhou),是金(jin)元(yuan)間(jian)著(zhu)(zhu)名的佛教(jiao)大(da)師(shi)(屬佛教(jiao)支派曹洞宗(zong)),15歲在(zai)荊州(zhou)出(chu)(chu)家,受戒后(hou)云(yun)游天下,尋師(shi)訪友,參究禪(chan)宗(zong)修(xiu)行(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)道。據《五燈嚴統》本(ben)傳:行(xing)(xing)秀對諸子百(bai)家之(zhi)(zhi)學(xue)無不會(hui)通(tong),對《華嚴經》下的功夫最多。他精通(tong)曹洞宗(zong)的禪(chan)說,又(you)長(chang)于機(ji)辯,年(nian)(nian)(nian)輕時(shi)(shi)就聲(sheng)名赫赫。同時(shi)(shi)深通(tong)儒家經典。金(jin)章宗(zong)于明昌四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1193年(nian)(nian)(nian))召見(jian)他,詢問佛道,并賜贈錦綺(qi)大(da)僧(seng)衣一件;承安二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1197年(nian)(nian)(nian))又(you)下詔萬(wan)松(song)行(xing)(xing)秀住燕京西(xi)(xi)郊仰山(shan)的棲隱寺,直(zhi)到他81歲圓寂。其名聲(sheng)因當(dang)時(shi)(shi)的蒙古書令耶(ye)律(lv)楚材師(shi)事之(zhi)(zhi)而益(yi)彰。耶(ye)律(lv)楚材向之(zhi)(zhi)參學(xue)三年(nian)(nian)(nian),僧(seng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)湛(zhan)然居士目之(zhi)(zhi),萬(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)曾語(yu)文正“以(yi)(yi)(yi)儒治國,以(yi)(yi)(yi)佛治心(xin)”,因而耶(ye)律(lv)楚材在(zai)元(yuan)太宗(zong)任中書令(相(xiang)當(dang)宰相(xiang))時(shi)(shi),推行(xing)(xing)其主張(zhang)。萬(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)著(zhu)(zhu)作有(you)《從(cong)容錄(lu)》、《清(qing)益(yi)后(hou)錄(lu)》、《萬(wan)壽語(yu)錄(lu)》等(deng)。萬(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)圓寂后(hou)修(xiu)此墓塔(ta)(ta),塔(ta)(ta)原為(wei)八(ba)角(jiao)七級(ji)密檐式(shi)磚塔(ta)(ta)。清(qing)乾隆(long)十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1753年(nian)(nian)(nian))重(zhong)修(xiu)時(shi)(shi)加高至九級(ji)。塔(ta)(ta)上嵌有(you)石刻一塊上書“乾隆(long)十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)歲次癸酉谷旦康(kang)親王(wang)永恩奉敕重(zhong)修(xiu)”。民國十六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1927年(nian)(nian)(nian))由葉恭綽(chuo)等(deng)人(ren)(ren)重(zhong)修(xiu),辟大(da)門(men)并書石門(men)額(e)“元(yuan)萬(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)”。1950年(nian)(nian)(nian)萬(wan)精舍同人(ren)(ren)葉恭綽(chuo)等(deng)人(ren)(ren)請求政府(fu)接管萬(wan)松(song)老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta),隨后(hou)由北京文物整(zheng)理委員會(hui)接管。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)(xi)城(cheng)區(qu)人(ren)(ren)民政府(fu)撥款維(wei)修(xiu)磚塔(ta)(ta),并在(zai)塔(ta)(ta)前大(da)門(men)后(hou)建房三間(jian)。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)維(wei)修(xiu)中發現清(qing)塔(ta)(ta)內包著(zhu)(zhu)元(yuan)塔(ta)(ta)。該塔(ta)(ta)是北京城(cheng)區(qu)內僅存的一座磚塔(ta)(ta)。現已公布為(wei)西(xi)(xi)城(cheng)區(qu)文物保護(hu)單位。
設計結構
萬(wan)松老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)建(jian)造十(shi)分精(jing)巧。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)分內(nei)外(wai)兩層(ceng)(ceng),外(wai)涂白色,東、西、南、北四面(mian)(mian)設(she)券(quan)門(men),其(qi)余四面(mian)(mian)辟(pi)欞窗(假窗),窗由大(da)方磚(zhuan)雕刻而(er)成(cheng)。最(zui)上(shang)兩層(ceng)(ceng),則(ze)八面(mian)(mian)均辟(pi)券(quan)門(men)。門(men)為(wei)拱券(quan)式,券(quan)外(wai)繪方形圖案,設(she)有(you)磚(zhuan)雕門(men)額、門(men)簪。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng),均疊澀出(chu)檐,托出(chu)一(yi)平(ping)臺(tai),惟底(di)層(ceng)(ceng)有(you)瓦脊(ji)。各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)檐角(jiao)皆有(you)挑檐木,外(wai)端有(you)鐵(tie)環,原(yuan)置有(you)風(feng)(feng)鐸(大(da)鈴)。萬(wan)松老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)心和外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)之間形成(cheng)八角(jiao)形環廊(lang)(lang),猶如大(da)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)中包著一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)小塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。回廊(lang)(lang)兩側設(she)有(you)25個(ge)壁(bi)(bi)龕,龕內(nei)有(you)壁(bi)(bi)畫或泥塑像(xiang),回廊(lang)(lang)頂(ding)端有(you)雕花磚(zhuan)天花板,并加(jia)彩繪,刻制精(jing)美細膩。在(zai)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)座基主壁(bi)(bi)龕內(nei),以(yi)(yi)及各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)回廊(lang)(lang)的(de)(de)磚(zhuan)壁(bi)(bi)上(shang),嵌有(you)許多碑刻和名人(ren)(ren)題(ti)詠,對研究宋代歷(li)史(shi)及古代建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)有(you)重要價值。沿各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)磚(zhuan)質梯階(jie)順級而(er)上(shang),可達塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)頂(ding)。凌塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)頂(ding)遠(yuan)眺,平(ping)原(yuan)縱橫阡陌,太行峰巒蜿(wan)蜒(yan)起(qi)伏,城(cheng)市村落(luo),河(he)流道路,歷(li)歷(li)在(zai)目。筆者曾數度登(deng)臨,每每生發出(chu)“不畏浮云遮望眼,只緣身(shen)在(zai)最(zui)高層(ceng)(ceng)”的(de)(de)切(qie)實感受。萬(wan)松老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)從始(shi)建(jian)至今,已有(you)整整一(yi)千年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)。在(zai)長達千年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)雨(yu)剝蝕中,此塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)經歷(li)了十(shi)幾次地震,但古塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)仍巍然聳立。可惜的(de)(de)是,清光緒十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(公元1884年(nian)(nian))六月,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)東北面(mian)(mian)自上(shang)而(er)下塌落(luo),破壞了這(zhe)一(yi)重要建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物的(de)(de)完整。從1986年(nian)(nian)開始(shi),國家文物部(bu)門(men)投(tou)巨(ju)資(zi)對其(qi)進行整體(ti)加(jia)固維修,2001年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底(di)已基本竣工,預計2002年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底(di)向社會(hui)開放,這(zhe)一(yi)歷(li)史(shi)名塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)將以(yi)(yi)嶄(zhan)新的(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)貌重現在(zai)世人(ren)(ren)面(mian)(mian)前。
文物價值
萬(wan)(wan)松老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)之所(suo)(suo)以特(te)別引(yin)人(ren)(ren)注目(mu)(mu),除了(le)(le)它歷(li)史悠久、香(xiang)火旺(wang)盛外(wai)(wai),寺(si)內(nei)(nei)珍(zhen)藏(zang)(zang)著(zhu)(zhu)許多歷(li)史上(shang)(shang)遺留(liu)下(xia)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍(zhen)貴文(wen)(wen)物。比如,在(zai)(zai)掛(gua)著(zhu)(zhu)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)顯通寺(si)”匾(bian)額的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)門(men)外(wai)(wai)兩(liang)(liang)側,各(ge)(ge)(ge)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)石碑(bei),石碑(bei)上(shang)(shang)摹仿龍(long)形和(he)虎(hu)形,分別寫(xie)著(zhu)(zhu)“龍(long)”、“虎(hu)”兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。寺(si)廟(miao)中(zhong)用龍(long)虎(hu)把守大(da)(da)(da)(da)門(men),甚為(wei)(wei)(wei)奇(qi)特(te)。而這(zhe)兩(liang)(liang)座(zuo)(zuo)石碑(bei)又是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)唐代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺物,彌足珍(zhen)貴。在(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)文(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)(liang)座(zuo)(zuo)碑(bei)亭,亭內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石碑(bei)也(ye)比較(jiao)特(te)殊(shu)(shu),一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑(bei),一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑(bei),有(you)(you)(you)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑(bei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清朝康(kang)熙(xi)帝(di)皇帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)御筆。藏(zang)(zang)經(jing)樓內(nei)(nei),收藏(zang)(zang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)(ge)種(zhong)文(wen)(wen)物那(nei)就(jiu)更(geng)多了(le)(le)。在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)里,有(you)(you)(you)北(bei)魏時期銅(tong)(tong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旃檀佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang),有(you)(you)(you)北(bei)宋開(kai)寶(bao)(bao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)刊刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雷峰塔(ta)(ta)(ta)藏(zang)(zang)經(jing),有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)代(dai)(dai)人(ren)(ren)繪制在(zai)(zai)菩提樹葉上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)八羅(luo)漢(han)像(xiang),有(you)(you)(you)楊五郎使(shi)用過的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兵器——八十(shi)一(yi)(yi)斤(jin)重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵棍……然而,在(zai)(zai)萬(wan)(wan)松老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)內(nei)(nei)最珍(zhen)貴也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最值(zhi)得一(yi)(yi)看的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)物,卻是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)千缽(bo)(bo)文(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)銅(tong)(tong)像(xiang)、銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)銅(tong)(tong)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、無量殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、華嚴(yan)(yan)經(jing)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)和(he)重達九(jiu)(jiu)千九(jiu)(jiu)百九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)斤(jin)半的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)銅(tong)(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。千缽(bo)(bo)文(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)銅(tong)(tong)象,供(gong)奉在(zai)(zai)千缽(bo)(bo)文(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)。這(zhe)尊(zun)(zun)銅(tong)(tong)像(xiang),造型奇(qi)特(te),上(shang)(shang)疊(die)五個(ge)頭像(xiang);胸前有(you)(you)(you)手六只,其(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)只捧著(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)金缽(bo)(bo),缽(bo)(bo)內(nei)(nei)坐著(zhu)(zhu)釋迦(jia)牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),背后向四(si)(si)周伸出一(yi)(yi)千只手,每(mei)只手上(shang)(shang)都有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)金缽(bo)(bo),每(mei)個(ge)缽(bo)(bo)內(nei)(nei)都有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)尊(zun)(zun)釋迦(jia)牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)。所(suo)(suo)以,這(zhe)尊(zun)(zun)銅(tong)(tong)像(xiang)又被叫做(zuo)千臂千缽(bo)(bo)千釋迦(jia)文(wen)(wen)殊(shu)(shu)像(xiang)。這(zhe)尊(zun)(zun)像(xiang)金光(guang)燦(can)爛(lan),鑄(zhu)(zhu)于明(ming)代(dai)(dai),全國(guo)少有(you)(you)(you)。銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)銅(tong)(tong)塔(ta)(ta)(ta),也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全國(guo)罕見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)物。銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)八點三米(mi)(mi),寬四(si)(si)點七米(mi)(mi),深(shen)(shen)四(si)(si)點五米(mi)(mi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)明(ming)朝萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)用銅(tong)(tong)十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)斤(jin)鑄(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)四(si)(si)壁(bi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)滿了(le)(le)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang),號稱(cheng)萬(wan)(wan)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo);銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)隔(ge)扇(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)壁(bi),鑄(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)(you)各(ge)(ge)(ge)種(zhong)圖案和(he)花卉(hui)鳥(niao)獸(shou),如玉兔拜月、丹鳳朝陽、二(er)龍(long)戲珠(zhu)等,非常精致。銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)銅(tong)(tong)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)五座(zuo)(zuo),暗含五臺之意(yi),現(xian)僅留(liu)下(xia)兩(liang)(liang)座(zuo)(zuo),八面(mian)十(shi)三層,玲(ling)瓏(long)秀(xiu)麗,引(yin)人(ren)(ren)注目(mu)(mu)。華嚴(yan)(yan)經(jing)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)陳列在(zai)(zai)藏(zang)(zang)經(jing)樓內(nei)(nei)。這(zhe)座(zuo)(zuo)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用蠅(ying)頭小楷(kai)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)組成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)長一(yi)(yi)丈八尺,寬六尺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃綾和(he)白綾上(shang)(shang),寫(xie)有(you)(you)(you)《華嚴(yan)(yan)經(jing)》八十(shi)卷(juan),六十(shi)萬(wan)(wan)零四(si)(si)十(shi)三字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清朝康(kang)熙(xi)帝(di)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)蘇州許德心用四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)時間(jian)設計、八年(nian)(nian)(nian)時間(jian)書寫(xie)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)品(pin),確(que)實珍(zhen)貴。大(da)(da)(da)(da)銅(tong)(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)懸掛(gua)在(zai)(zai)顯通寺(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓內(nei)(nei)。這(zhe)口鐘(zhong)(zhong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)于明(ming)朝萬(wan)(wan)歷(li)四(si)(si)十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1620年(nian)(nian)(nian)),重九(jiu)(jiu)千九(jiu)(jiu)百九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)斤(jin)半。為(wei)(wei)(wei)什么不鑄(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)斤(jin)呢?這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)忌(ji)諱皇帝(di)“萬(wan)(wan)歲”老(lao)(lao)爺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“萬(wan)(wan)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。這(zhe)口鐘(zhong)(zhong)名(ming)叫幽冥鐘(zhong)(zhong)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)部(bu),鑄(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)(you)楷(kai)書佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)經(jing)一(yi)(yi)部(bu),共一(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)余字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。因為(wei)(wei)(wei)敲擊時鐘(zhong)(zhong)聲綿(mian)長,傳(chuan)播深(shen)(shen)遠,所(suo)(suo)以人(ren)(ren)們(men)又把此(ci)鐘(zhong)(zhong)叫做(zuo)長鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong),也(ye)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)長命(ming)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。顯通鐘(zhong)(zhong)聲,歷(li)來是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)梵宇佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)標志,向來為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)們(men)所(suo)(suo)稱(cheng)道。大(da)(da)(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)重建于清光(guang)緒(xu)二(er)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1899年(nian)(nian)(nian)),系木結構建筑。大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)舉(ju)辦(ban)盛大(da)(da)(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)事活動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場所(suo)(suo)。此(ci)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占地(di)一(yi)(yi)畝二(er)分,高(gao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)肅(su)穆。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)正前方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫梁上(shang)(shang),高(gao)懸康(kang)熙(xi)御筆“真如權應”木匾(bian),下(xia)面(mian)條幅(fu)橫懸,兩(liang)(liang)旁錦幡垂掛(gua)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)臺上(shang)(shang),并列主(zhu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)三尊(zun)(zun),中(zhong)間(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)釋迦(jia)牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),東面(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藥師佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),西(xi)面(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)阿彌陀佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)墻(qiang)兩(liang)(liang)側是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)八羅(luo)漢(han),均為(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)、清雕塑。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)面(mian)十(shi)分寬敞(chang),經(jing)案上(shang)(shang)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)燈高(gao)照,寶(bao)(bao)鼎焚(fen)香(xiang),擺著(zhu)(zhu)各(ge)(ge)(ge)色供(gong)果,敬有(you)(you)(you)美(mei)麗鮮花。東面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)案頭,還擺著(zhu)(zhu)鼓(gu)、磬、鐺、木魚等佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)家樂器。不僅本寺(si)僧(seng)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)座(zuo)(zuo)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)做(zuo)早晚功(gong)課,每(mei)逢大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)事活動(dong)日,由佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教協會主(zhu)持(chi),各(ge)(ge)(ge)寺(si)廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)僧(seng)尼都要身披(pi)袈裟,匯集(ji)到這(zhe)里舉(ju)行禮佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)儀式。萬(wan)(wan)松老(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)各(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保存完(wan)(wan)好。
景區特點
萬松老人(ren)塔(ta)特點(dian)有(you)五(wu):一是(shi)歷(li)史古(gu)老;有(you)近千年的(de)(de)歷(li)史,巍然壯觀,國(guo)內(nei)罕見(jian);二是(shi)根深蒂固,經歷(li)過郯城(cheng)1668 年8.5級大地震(zhen)的(de)(de)洗禮,至今不(bu)歪(wai)不(bu)斜;和新塔(ta)一般;三是(shi)塔(ta)形(xing)壯麗,水(shui)色山(shan)(shan)光,白云塔(ta)影(ying),使游(you)人(ren)贊嘆(tan)不(bu)已;再經山(shan)(shan)光水(shui)色的(de)(de)映襯,萬松老人(ren)塔(ta)相得益(yi)彰(zhang);四(si)是(shi)既(ji)能(neng)看又能(neng)爬,游(you)客有(you)參(can)與的(de)(de)機會;五(wu)是(shi)有(you)動人(ren)的(de)(de)神(shen)話傳說,倍增游(you)興。萬松老人(ren)塔(ta)是(shi)北京風景名勝(sheng)區的(de)(de)主要景點(dian)之(zhi)一。明代顧乾《三十六景圖》中稱之(zhi)為(wei)“古(gu)塔(ta)穿(chuan)云”;清代黃申瑾《二十四(si)景圖》中稱之(zhi)為(wei)“塔(ta)影(ying)團圓(yuan)”。可(ke)以助人(ren)遐(xia)想。登上(shang)塔(ta)頂(ding)(ding),能(neng)看到四(si)周群山(shan)(shan)都變矮了,連山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)白云也蕩漾于(yu)腳下。再登山(shan)(shan)一看,寶塔(ta)如同一根春(chun)筍。這種景象當地人(ren)叫做(zuo)“山(shan)(shan)拜塔(ta)、塔(ta)拜山(shan)(shan)”,也有(you)叫做(zuo)“山(shan)(shan)不(bu)壓塔(ta)、塔(ta)不(bu)壓山(shan)(shan)”。它吸引著成(cheng)千上(shang)萬的(de)(de)中外(wai)游(you)客,無愧于(yu)“九級云梯攀到頂(ding)(ding),一天星斗喜垂肩(jian),關心(xin)海島千山(shan)(shan)雨(yu),放眼齊(qi)州幾點(dian)煙”的(de)(de)詩贊。